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This research paper examines the implications of the expired 123 Agreement between the US and South Africa, the operational status of the Koeberg Nuclear Power Plant, and South Africa's broader nuclear energy strategy, including a new plan to procure 2500 MW of additional nuclear power.

The WTO faces critical reform challenges ahead of MC13, primarily the restoration of its dispute settlement system, which has been paralyzed since 2019 due to US blocks on Appellate Body appointments. Key tensions include the shift toward plurilateral agreements (JSIs) versus multilateral consensus, the integration of environmental and industrial policies into the trade agenda, and disputes over which countries qualify for Special and Differential Treatment (SDT). While some members advocate for 'reform-by-doing' through informal initiatives, others insist on formal, inclusive consensus to maintain legitimacy.

This research paper by Rashmi Jose analyzes the Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement (IFDA), a proposed treaty aimed at increasing foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to developing economies and least-developed countries (LDCs). The author examines the agreement's core commitments, its special and differential treatment for developing nations, and the significant legal and political challenges associated with integrating the IFDA as a plurilateral agreement into the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework.

This guide by RMI describes how the City of San Antonio is utilizing the Inflation Reduction Act's (IRA) direct pay mechanism to scale on-site solar energy. By aggregating multiple small projects across city-owned facilities, San Antonio aims to offset a portion of its electricity consumption and achieve long-term financial savings while pursuing net-zero energy goals.

This case study profiles OK Produce, a family-owned produce delivery business in California's San Joaquin Valley, and its transition toward a zero-emissions fleet. The company has integrated solar energy production with the adoption of electric vehicles and participated in the Run on Less – Electric Depot event to share electrification knowledge with the broader trucking industry.

This fact sheet from the Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) BC Committee outlines the environmental and health risks associated with hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and natural gas production, specifically focusing on the expansion of the industry in British Columbia.

This research paper by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes the European Union Regulation on Deforestation-Free Products (EUDR), evaluating its potential to combat commodity-driven deforestation and providing recommendations to strengthen its implementation and scope.

This policy brief by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) argues that geoengineering technologies are speculative 'fixes' that fail to address the root causes of the climate crisis and instead risk accelerating biodiversity loss, ecosystem collapse, and human rights violations.

This stocktaking report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Convergence examines the intersection of blended finance, gender equality, and the energy transition in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). It analyzes market trends, identifies systemic barriers to gender-responsive climate finance, and provides case studies of financial vehicles that integrate gender outcomes into clean energy projects.

The 2024 GreenCape report identifies significant investment opportunities in South Africa's electric vehicle (EV) sector, particularly in the local manufacturing of private passenger vehicles (estimated at R620 billion annually) and the electrification of freight, public transport, and last-mile delivery. While rising fuel prices and global supply chain diversification (the 'China Plus One Strategy') drive adoption, the transition is hindered by high upfront CAPEX, limited charging infrastructure, and energy security concerns related to loadshedding. The South African government is supporting the transition through the Electric Vehicle White Paper and a 150% investment allowance for qualifying EV and hydrogen-powered vehicle spending starting in 2026.

This toolkit provides a human rights-based approach (HRBA) to climate finance, specifically designed for civil society organisations and trade unions to advocate for just energy transitions in developing nations. It critiques the 'Billions to Trillions' (B2T) neoliberal agenda and the Just Energy Transition - Investment Plan (JET-IP) in South Africa, arguing that these models prioritise private profit and debt over public goods and human rights. The guide outlines six clusters of rights-based principles—ranging from national responsibilities and sovereignty to debt relief in times of crisis—and provides practical 'How to' guides and factsheets to help advocates influence climate investment plans and national budgeting processes.

This report provides a technical transfer pricing framework for lithium, designed to help developing countries accurately tax lithium exports. It details the differences between brine and mineral extraction, analyzes the global supply chain dominated by a few key producers and the Chinese refining market, and explains how to use price-reporting agency indices to determine fair market value based on product grade and specifications.

This report provides a transfer pricing framework for determining the price of lithium minerals, specifically applying the Comparable Uncontrolled Price (CUP) method. It details the physical characteristics of lithium deposits, production processes for brines and spodumene, and the economic factors influencing market prices to help developing countries ensure appropriate tax revenue from lithium exports.

This briefing, submitted by a coalition of civil society organizations to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, argues that the current structure of the Loss and Damage Fund (LDF) established at COP28 fails to meet international human rights standards. The authors contend that states have a legal obligation to provide full reparation for climate-induced losses and damages, particularly based on historical emissions, and that the LDF's reliance on voluntary donations and its denial of legal liability undermine the right to justice for affected communities.

The report details the 56th meeting of the Executive Council (EC) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held via videoconference on 14 November 2023. The meeting focused on the election of the EC Bureau for 2023-2025, the status of the Core Budget, and progress reports on science and capacity-building activities following the 31st meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP-31).

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed on December 7, 2023, between the Foundation for Research and Innovation of the State of Santa Catarina (FAPESC) and the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) to collaborate on science, technology, and innovation, specifically regarding global environmental change.

This report by RMI analyzes the strategic importance of green hydrogen imports for the European Union to meet its 2030 decarbonization and energy security targets. It argues that domestic production alone will be insufficient to meet demand, particularly in Northwest Europe, and that the EU must urgently address policy gaps in funding, certification, and port infrastructure to facilitate trade with global suppliers like the United States and Australia.

This research paper examines the negotiations surrounding the Loss and Damage Fund established at COP27, detailing the friction between developed and developing nations over the fund's governance, eligibility, and funding sources ahead of COP28.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) welcomes the Emirates COP28 Leaders Declaration as a historic first for food systems and climate, noting its endorsement by 134 heads of state and its commitment to integrate food and land use into national climate and biodiversity plans by 2025. While praising its focus on financial support and Indigenous knowledge, IISD criticizes the declaration for failing to explicitly demand the phase-out of fossil fuels within food systems to meet the 1.5°C warming limit.

This briefing by the Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) argues that implementing a federal emissions cap on the oil and gas sector would significantly reduce air pollution, prevent thousands of premature deaths, and provide substantial economic benefits to Canada.