Solicitud de Opinión Consultiva de la República de Chile y la República de Colombia sobre “Emergencia Climática y Derechos Humanos”

The document contends that the Loss and Damage Fund (LDF) adopted at COP28 is insufficient because it treats climate reparations as voluntary donations rather than legal obligations. It argues that the fund's governance excludes frontline communities and indigenous peoples, lacks a human rights framework, and ignores the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. The authors request that the Inter-American Court of Human Rights clarify that UNFCCC decisions do not limit state obligations to provide full reparation to climate victims.

• The Loss and Damage Fund (LDF) established at COP28 lacks essential human rights protections and access to justice, as its substantive articles and governing instrument make no reference to human rights despite mentioning them in the preamble.
• The LDF governance structure excludes indigenous peoples, frontline communities, and peasants from its Board, limiting their role to invited observers.
• The LDF is based on a logic of voluntary donations and cooperation rather than legal responsibility or compensation, which the authors argue allows states to evade their obligations to repair transboundary damages.
• The funding committed to the Loss and Damage Fund at COP28, totaling $700 million, is estimated to cover less than 0.2% of the annual financial needs required to address loss and damage responsibly.
• The potential administration of the LDF by the World Bank creates a conflict of interest, as the bank responds to major funders like the United States, who are primary historical emitters and have opposed binding reparation mandates.
• The authors argue that the Paris Agreement should be internationally recognized as a human rights treaty, citing a precedent set by the Federal Supreme Court of Brazil.

APA

Center for International Environmental Law (2023). Solicitud de Opinión Consultiva de la República de Chile y la República de Colombia sobre “Emergencia Climática y Derechos Humanos”. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Amicus_Brief_Call_for_Reparation_Rights_in_the_Climate_Crisis_brief.pdf

Chicago

Center for International Environmental Law. Solicitud de Opinión Consultiva de la República de Chile y la República de Colombia sobre “Emergencia Climática y Derechos Humanos”. 2023. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Amicus_Brief_Call_for_Reparation_Rights_in_the_Climate_Crisis_brief.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Center for International Environmental Law |title=Solicitud de Opinión Consultiva de la República de Chile y la República de Colombia sobre “Emergencia Climática y Derechos Humanos” |date=18 December 2023 |url=https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Amicus_Brief_Call_for_Reparation_Rights_in_the_Climate_Crisis_brief.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centerforinternationalenvironmentallaw2023solicitud, author = {{Center for International Environmental Law}}, title = {{Solicitud de Opinión Consultiva de la República de Chile y la República de Colombia sobre “Emergencia Climática y Derechos Humanos”}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, year = {2023}, month = dec, url = {https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Amicus_Brief_Call_for_Reparation_Rights_in_the_Climate_Crisis_brief.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }