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This research paper examines the historical and contemporary relationship between African diasporas and their homelands, focusing on political influence, the impact of remittances on national economies, and the social dynamics of migration in Africa south of the Sahara.

This report analyzes the compatibility of eco-labeling standards and green procurement policies with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, specifically for World Bank borrowers. It concludes that WTO rules generally do not present significant legal barriers to 'greening' project procurement, primarily because government procurement is largely excluded from the main WTO agreements for goods and services. However, the report highlights significant concerns from developing countries regarding the costs, technical burdens, and potential market access restrictions associated with eco-labels, particularly those based on non-product-related process and production methods (npr PPMs).

Minutes from the 19th Meeting of the Executive Council (EC) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on June 29-30, 2004. The meeting covered scientific program updates, financial reports, administrative challenges regarding local staff in Brazil, and the announcement of the Executive Director's resignation.

The document contains the minutes of the Eleventh Meeting of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) Conference of the Parties (CoP), held on June 30 and July 2, 2004, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The meeting focused on administrative governance, the recruitment of a new IAI Director, budget approvals for FY 2004/2005, and the election of members for the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) and the Executive Council (EC).

The report documents the 11th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from June 30 to July 2, 2004. The meeting focused on administrative transitions, including the search for a new Executive Director, the approval of the 2004/2005 budget and annual program, and the election of members for the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) and the Executive Council (CE).

This 2005 IISD report examines food security as a fundamental human right, moving beyond simple supply metrics to include distribution and individual access. It evaluates four strategies for achieving food security: food self-sufficiency, trade liberalization, food sovereignty, and multi-functional agriculture. The report argues that while trade can stabilize supply, it can also undermine local production and increase vulnerability. It concludes that a pragmatic approach combining flexible trade rules with national policy space and sustainable agricultural practices is necessary to ensure long-term food security.

This report summarizes a 2004 workshop on renewable energy for decentralized rural electricity in developing countries. It concludes that while technologies like solar PV, mini-hydro, wind, and biomass are available, their adoption is hindered by cost, financing, and technical capacity. The report emphasizes that technology choice must be driven by local needs and productive uses of energy to alleviate poverty. It recommends that donors support national policies, accept higher risks for new technology adaptation, and encourage 'clustering' of projects to ensure sustainable maintenance and service.

The report analyzes the impact of bilateral trade agreements on copyright and access to knowledge, noting that agreements involving the U.S. often impose protections (such as 70-year terms and anti-circumvention of TPMs) that exceed multilateral standards. It also summarizes IP disputes in the WTO regarding pharmaceutical compulsory licensing and genetic resource disclosure, as well as tensions at WIPO over the Substantive Patent Law Treaty.

This report assesses progress toward the human development Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) between 2000 and 2005, focusing on the challenges of scaling up skilled providers, ensuring sustained financing, and improving governance to translate resources into effective service delivery in health, education, water, and sanitation.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs evaluates the potential for a free trade agreement (FTA) between the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and Mercosur. It argues that while static economic gains from tariff reduction are limited and may reinforce South Africa's reliance on primary product exports, significant dynamic opportunities exist through intra-industry specialization, institutional collaboration, and the disciplining of dominant domestic firms to benefit downstream manufacturing.

This briefing proposes 'action targets' as a method for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission commitments. Unlike fixed or intensity targets, action targets require an entity to reduce emissions by an agreed percentage of its actual emissions during a commitment period, providing greater predictability regarding the 'level of effort' required regardless of economic growth scenarios.

The action list from the first day of the Eleventh Meeting of the IAI Conference of the Parties (CoP) on June 30, 2004, details the election of the Bureau, agenda modifications, and the accreditation of 16 member delegations.

This briefing outlines the action list from the second day of the Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on July 2, 2004. The document records approvals regarding the IAI's budget, annual program, and administrative procedures, as well as the appointment of members to the Executive Committee (CE), the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), and a search committee for a new Executive Director.

The Action List from the Eleventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on June 30 and July 2, 2004, records the administrative and governance decisions made by the member countries. Key outcomes include the election of the Bureau and Executive Committee, approval of the 2004/2005 Annual Program and budget, and the establishment of a recruitment process for the IAI Director.

This document is a list of actions and decisions recorded during the Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on June 30 and July 2, 2004.

The document records the resolutions adopted during the Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from June 30 to July 2, 2004.

The action list from the second day of the Nineteenth Meeting of the IAI Executive Council (EC) details administrative approvals regarding budget requests, member contributions, and program planning, as well as specific requests for financial analysis and personnel salary resolutions.

This document is a list of action items from the second day of the nineteenth meeting of the Executive Council (CE) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on June 30, 2004, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

This briefing outlines the actions taken during the first day (June 30, 2004) of the Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI).

The Action List from the 19th Meeting of the IAI Executive Council (EC), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on June 29-30, 2004, details administrative approvals, financial decisions, and personnel changes. Key outcomes include the approval of the 2004/2005 Alternative Core Budget Request, the resignation of the IAI Director effective December 31, 2004, and a request for Canada and the USA to address local staff salary issues with Brazilian authorities.