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The document examines the legal frameworks governing shareholder resolutions in thirteen European countries, focusing on how investors can compel companies to adopt Paris-aligned climate strategies. It identifies a recurring tension between the general management powers of corporate Boards and the reserved rights of shareholders to amend a company's Articles of Association. The guide argues that framing climate 'asks'—such as net-zero commitments, transition plans, 'Say on Climate' votes, and lobbying disclosures—as amendments to the Articles of Association is often the most effective legal path to ensure resolutions are tabled at Annual General Meetings (AGMs). While the UK, Ireland, Spain, and Sweden are described as relatively simple jurisdictions for filing, others like France, Germany, and Austria require more nuanced framing to avoid infringing on Board competencies. The Netherlands is highlighted as the only jurisdiction among the thirteen where shareholders cannot legally compel a company to table a resolution without Board consent.

The document assesses the proliferation of gas power plants, pipelines, and LNG terminals across East, South, and Southeast Asia. It contends that these investments, totaling $380 billion, risk becoming stranded assets as renewable energy costs plummet and climate targets necessitate a rapid shift away from fossil fuels. The report highlights the significant carbon budget impact of these projects and the continued role of public finance in supporting gas expansion despite net-zero pledges.

The report analyzes the planned expansion of gas infrastructure in Asia, including power plants, pipelines, and LNG terminals, totaling $379 billion. It argues that this expansion risks locking in high greenhouse gas emissions, potentially consuming a quarter of the global carbon budget for a 1.5°C limit. The document highlights that falling costs of renewable energy and high price volatility of LNG make these gas investments economically risky and likely to become stranded assets. It further criticizes the continued support of public financial institutions for gas projects and advocates for a transition to clean energy portfolios.

The report analyzes the expansion of gas power plants, pipelines, and LNG terminals across East, South, and Southeast Asia, totaling $379 billion in planned investments. It argues that this expansion is incompatible with the 1.5°C climate goal, as the resulting emissions could consume 25% of the global carbon budget. The document highlights the economic risk of these projects becoming stranded assets due to the falling cost of renewable energy and the volatility of LNG prices. It concludes that clean energy portfolios, combining renewables with storage and demand management, are more cost-effective and secure alternatives to gas.

The report identifies a massive planned expansion of gas infrastructure in Asia, totaling US$379 billion, which includes 320 GW of power plants, 63,000 km of pipelines, and 452 mtpa of LNG import capacity. It argues that this expansion would consume approximately one-quarter of the global carbon budget required to limit warming to 1.5°C and warns that these projects are economically risky compared to cheaper renewable alternatives. The document highlights the role of public financing from institutions like the Export-Import Bank of China and the Asian Development Bank in sustaining this growth, while urging a shift toward clean energy portfolios.

The report examines the governance trajectories of Kenya, Mozambique, and Uganda, the only three African countries to have completed the APRM review process twice. It finds that while all three made legislative and constitutional strides in democracy and political governance, they remain vulnerable to ethnic conflict and struggle with persistent issues of corruption, poverty, and gender inequality.

The document analyzes how socio-economic vulnerabilities—including gender, age, disability, and minority status—increase the risk and impact of climate-related hazards in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It highlights that disadvantaged groups are more likely to live in hazard-prone areas and lack the resources to adapt. The brief argues for inclusive policymaking and warns that both adaptation and mitigation strategies can lead to 'maladaptation' or detrimental socio-economic effects if not carefully designed to protect the most vulnerable populations.

The report assesses the progress of SDG localization across 28 global case studies, highlighting a significant gap between high-level commitment and practical local implementation. Key findings indicate that while some 'SDG champions' like New York City lead in data analysis and engagement, many regions struggle with weak institutional governance, a lack of systematic analysis of SDG interlinkages (synergies and trade-offs), and limited financial resources. The COVID-19 pandemic is noted as a major setback that reallocated budgets toward healthcare, though it also created opportunities for green recovery. The study emphasizes the need for better evidence-based local data, increased participation of local actors in international forums, and the use of Voluntary Local Reviews (VLRs) to enhance accountability.

CoastalDEM v2.1 is a near-global digital elevation model (DEM) developed by Climate Central to provide more accurate land elevation data for coastal flood risk assessments. By utilizing a sophisticated convolutional neural network trained on NASA's ICESat-2 satellite lidar data, the model corrects the positive vertical bias common in satellite radar-derived DEMs, which often mistake building rooftops for ground level. Testing shows that CoastalDEM v2.1 virtually eliminates global median bias in the critical 0 to 5 m elevation band, significantly outperforming other publicly available global DEMs such as NASADEM, TanDEM-X, MERIT, and AW3D30, particularly in densely populated urban areas.

Carbon Market Watch criticises a proposal by fifteen Members of the European Parliament to incentivise CCS and CCU within the EU carbon market. The organisation distinguishes between carbon removals, which physically remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, and CCS/CCU, which typically only capture emissions from industrial sources. It warns that promoting CCS/CCU could lead to greenwashing, stranded assets, and delayed emissions, particularly in the power sector. The document specifically highlights the risks of BECCS and waste-to-energy CCS, citing deforestation linked to the Drax power plant. It concludes that the EU carbon market must focus on reducing emissions at the source and that public funding should only support mature, transparently assessed carbon removal technologies.

The Food Securities Fund, managed by Clarmondial, provides working capital loans to agricultural aggregators in developing markets to promote sustainable land management and climate mitigation. The fund utilizes risk blending, including a USD 37.5 million USAID credit guarantee and USD 15 million from the Global Environment Facility, to attract institutional investors from Europe and the US. In March 2021, the fund began operations with an investment in East African coffee production supporting nearly 4,000 smallholder farmers using regenerative practices.

The document reports a rapid decline in Arctic sea ice, noting that the 15 lowest sea ice extents in the 42-year satellite record have all occurred in the last 15 years. It highlights the loss of multiyear ice and unprecedented melting events on the Greenland ice sheet in 2021. These changes are linked to global temperature rises and are projected to result in an effectively ice-free Arctic summer minimum at least once before 2050. The report details how this loss accelerates global warming via reduced reflectivity, disrupts jetstream-driven weather patterns, opens new shipping routes, and threatens the livelihoods of Indigenous communities.

A residential project in Eagle Bay, Western Australia, integrated a 40 kWp solar PV system with a 207 kWh Cegasa battery bank to mitigate frequent grid blackouts. Deployed in May 2020, the system uses Selectronic inverters to manage high power consumption peaks and operates primarily as an off-grid solution while maintaining a grid connection.

Civil society organisations are calling on the Finnish government to support the classification of Resorcinol as a substance of very high concern (SVHC) under the REACH regulation. The authors argue that Resorcinol is a known endocrine disruptor that inhibits thyroperoxidase (TPO), affecting thyroid hormone levels essential for brain development. They highlight that the substance is used in high volumes (1,000-10,000 tons/annum) across various industrial and consumer products, posing risks to workers and the public. The letter asserts that Resorcinol meets the 'equivalent level of concern' (ELoC) criteria due to the severity and irreversibility of its developmental effects, such as hypothyroidism and neurological impacts in children.

A coalition of civil society organisations is calling on the Polish government to support the classification of Resorcinol as a substance of very high concern (SVHC) under the REACH regulation. The organisations argue that Resorcinol is a known endocrine disruptor that inhibits thyroperoxidase (TPO), affecting thyroid hormone levels essential for prenatal brain development. They highlight that the substance is a high-volume compound used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and rubber products, posing risks to workers and the public. The letter asserts that Resorcinol meets the 'equivalent level of concern' (ELoC) criteria due to the irreversible nature of its developmental effects, such as hypothyroidism and neurological impacts in children.

The document advocates for the strategic use of "blue" hydrogen to accelerate decarbonization in sectors like heavy trucking, shipping, and steel production. It argues that relying solely on "green" hydrogen (electrolysis via renewables) would require an impractical increase in wind and solar capacity—potentially 40 times current U.S. levels—and excessive land use. While acknowledging that blue hydrogen's climate benefit depends on high carbon capture rates and low upstream methane leaks, the author asserts that these technical goals are feasible today. The document concludes that policymakers should implement tiered incentives tied to lifecycle greenhouse gas performance to ensure hydrogen production actually supports net-zero goals.

The report identifies 90 advertising and PR companies working for the fossil fuel industry, highlighting a conflict between the sustainability pledges of major holding companies and their continued representation of high-polluting clients. It details specific case studies of disinformation and lobbying efforts in the US, Australia, and the EU, while warning that the term 'Net Zero' is being used as a primary tool for greenwashing ahead of the 2021 Glasgow climate talks.

The report provides a comprehensive overview of China's green securitisation market, noting its growth to 85 deals totalling RMB115bn by the end of 2020. It details the regulatory landscape involving the PBoC, CBIRC, CSRC, and NAFMII, and identifies state-owned enterprises as the primary originators. The analysis highlights renewable energy and low-carbon transport as the dominant collateral themes and suggests improvements in transparency, standardisation of green loans, and credit rating soundness to attract more international investors.

The sustainable debt market saw record-breaking growth in H1 2021, with combined labelled issuance reaching USD 496.1 billion. Green bonds led the growth, particularly in developed markets, while sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) emerged as a rapid growth segment for corporates. The report also highlights the nascent state of transition bonds and the need for standardized, ambitious definitions to avoid 'transition-washing'.

The document outlines ClientEarth's perspective on four key climate priorities: phasing out coal, reducing urban air pollution through Clean Air Zones, mobilising climate finance for developing nations, and implementing a more ambitious legal framework to combat global deforestation.