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This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes whether the tax incentives provided to the Zona Franca de Manaus (ZFM) have improved the productive and energy efficiency of its industries compared to the rest of Brazil between 2003 and 2015. The study concludes that despite significant tax expenditures, there is no evidence that these incentives have increased efficiency, even in the region's most prominent industrial sectors.

This case study examines Australia's historical attempts to develop a domestic steel industry through government intervention, protectionism, and downstream beneficiation requirements, ultimately highlighting the challenges of maintaining global competitiveness after protective measures are removed.

This report presents the results of a 2014-2015 survey of 230 manufacturing companies across 16 Chinese provinces to assess business sentiments regarding low-carbon and energy policies. It identifies significant gaps in policy awareness and technical capacity, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and highlights administrative burdens and uncertainty over technology as primary barriers to the adoption of energy-saving measures.

This document is an address by Aaron Cosbey of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) delivered to the 49th Session of UNCTAD’s Trade and Development Board on September 25, 2012. Cosbey argues that the outcomes of the Rio+20 conference are insufficient for guiding states through the trade tensions arising from the transition to a green economy. He highlights the conflict between the use of green industrial policies—such as subsidies and local content requirements—and their impact on the multilateral trading system, particularly for developing countries. Cosbey calls for a non-legal, non-negotiating framework, potentially led by UNCTAD, to determine the propriety and effectiveness of these measures before they escalate into formal trade disputes.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes how tax exemptions and levy reductions in Germany's energy policy framework impact industrial energy prices. It focuses on four key policies: the Environmental Tax Reform, the Combined Heat and Power Act, the EU Emission Trading Scheme, and the Renewable Energy Act. The analysis finds that these exemptions significantly lower energy costs for large, energy-intensive companies, potentially reducing the policy-induced component of energy prices by up to 75% on average, which may diminish incentives for energy efficiency improvements.

This document is a joint public comment submission by the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) regarding the draft South African Renewable Energy Masterplan (SAREM). The submission argues that the current draft over-relies on private investment and market liberalisation, neglecting the role of state-led industrial policy, public ownership, and the protection of workers' rights during the energy transition.