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This executive summary examines the gendered impacts of liquified petroleum gas (LPG) subsidies and their reform in India, based on a survey of over 800 households. It finds that while LPG improves energy access and reduces women's labor and pollution exposure, current subsidy schemes are inefficiently targeted, often failing to reach the poorest households.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines government support for fuel consumption in the fisheries sector, analyzing data from the OECD and WTO. It highlights the prevalence of fuel tax concessions and direct price support across both OECD and non-OECD economies, while noting significant gaps in transparency and notification within WTO frameworks.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the fiscal burden and distributional efficiency of electricity and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) subsidies in India. It identifies significant knowledge gaps due to outdated census data and proposes various targeting mechanisms—including volumetric, categorical, and income-based approaches—to ensure subsidies reach the poorest households without compromising energy access.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes fossil fuel subsidies in British Columbia, arguing that they undermine the province's climate goals and the CleanBC plan.

This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the South African government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue dependence and the impact of subsidies.

This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the Chinese government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue percentages and the impact of subsidies.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues that BRICS governments must prepare their budgets for a fiscal transition as the clean energy transition reduces revenues from fossil fuel production and consumption.

This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the Brazilian government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue dependence and the impact of subsidies.

This case study examines India's fiscal and economic dependence on fossil fuels, detailing government revenues, subsidies, and the risks of asset stranding. It outlines the role of state-owned enterprises in the energy sector and the tension between India's renewable energy targets and its projected continued reliance on coal through 2040.

This case study examines Russia's economic and fiscal dependence on fossil fuels, detailing the sector's contribution to government revenue, the role of state-owned enterprises, and the fiscal implications of energy transition and climate policies.

This executive summary by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that British Columbia's continued provision of fossil fuel subsidies undermines its climate change goals and the transition to a low-carbon economy.

This report examines how China and India have addressed coal-driven air pollution to provide policy lessons for Indonesia, emphasizing the role of fossil fuel subsidy reform and the promotion of renewable energy.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) submitted a response to Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) regarding the draft assessment framework for non-tax fossil fuel subsidies. IISD argues that the current framework is too restrictive and risks excluding many subsidies, thereby undermining Canada's G7 commitment to phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies by 2025 and its Paris Agreement emissions targets for 2030.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) inventories fossil fuel subsidies in Ontario, detailing nearly CAD 700 million in annual public spending and providing recommendations for provincial subsidy reform to support a clean economy transition.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute examines the scale and impact of fossil fuel subsidies in the United States and globally. It details specific tax provisions and federal funding mechanisms that support the coal, oil, and natural gas industries, arguing that these subsidies are outdated and undermine climate goals. The document also analyzes the 'externalities' of fossil fuel use—societal, health, and environmental costs—that are not reflected in market prices.

This working paper models the impact of removing fossil fuel subsidies across 26 countries and reviews 60 research papers to estimate global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions. It finds that subsidy removal alone leads to a national average emission reduction of 6 per cent, which increases to 13.2 per cent when combined with a modest energy tax and investments in renewables and energy efficiency.

This report examines the role of the hydrocarbon sector in Mexico's energy transition, analyzing fiscal contributions from the extraction and consumption of fossil fuels and identifying opportunities to accelerate the shift toward renewable energy and energy efficiency.

This executive summary from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) details approximately CAD 700 million in public subsidies provided by Ontario for fossil fuel consumption in 2018/19. The document identifies the primary categories of these subsidies and proposes a framework for reform to transition toward a low-carbon economy.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) advocates for "subsidy swaps," the process of redirecting government financial support from fossil fuels to clean energy. It argues that while removing fossil fuel subsidies can reduce emissions, a swap is necessary to ensure permanent reductions and provide economic, social, and health benefits. The document analyzes the global context of these shifts and provides case studies from India, Indonesia, Zambia, and Morocco to demonstrate the feasibility of reallocating resources to renewable energy and energy efficiency.

This report provides methodological guidance for National Statistical Systems and global entities to measure fossil fuel subsidies, specifically to support the reporting of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 12.c.1.