Tackling Coal-Driven Air Pollution in China and India: Lessons learned for Indonesia

The report highlights that China, India, and Indonesia all face increased air pollution due to fossil fuel combustion driven by economic growth. It notes that India has decreased fossil fuel subsidies while increasing renewable support, and China has implemented policies to help renewables achieve grid price parity. The document suggests that Indonesia should phase out fossil fuel subsidies and redirect those savings toward energy efficiency and renewables to achieve greenhouse gas reductions and meet NDC targets.

• China, India, and Indonesia all experience increased air pollution because their energy demands are largely met through the combustion of fossil fuels.
• India has demonstrated political will to reduce fossil fuel dependency by decreasing fossil fuel subsidies over a three-year period and significantly increasing subsidies for renewables.
• China introduced a 2018 policy to support renewable energy developers in reaching "grid price parity" with traditional power sources, including encouraging grid companies to guarantee electricity purchases from pilot projects and reducing transmission fees.
• For Indonesia, phasing out fossil fuel subsidies and reinvesting the savings into renewable energy and energy efficiency would lead to health gains, greenhouse gas emission reductions, and faster achievement of NDC targets.

APA

Gass,, A. S. S. ,. G. (2019). Tackling Coal-Driven Air Pollution in China and India: Lessons learned for Indonesia. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/tackling-coal-driven-air-pollution-china-and-india-lessons-learned-indonesia

Chicago

Gass,, Anissa Suharsono,Lourdes Sanchez ,Vibhuti Garg,Philip. Tackling Coal-Driven Air Pollution in China and India: Lessons learned for Indonesia. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2019. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/tackling-coal-driven-air-pollution-china-and-india-lessons-learned-indonesia.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Gass, |first1=Anissa Suharsono,Lourdes Sanchez ,Vibhuti Garg,Philip |title=Tackling Coal-Driven Air Pollution in China and India: Lessons learned for Indonesia |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=12 September 2019 |url=https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/tackling-coal-driven-air-pollution-china-and-india-lessons-learned-indonesia |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{gass2019tackling, author = {Gass,, Anissa Suharsono,Lourdes Sanchez ,Vibhuti Garg,Philip}, title = {{Tackling Coal-Driven Air Pollution in China and India: Lessons learned for Indonesia}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2019}, month = sep, url = {https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/tackling-coal-driven-air-pollution-china-and-india-lessons-learned-indonesia}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }