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The report outlines how tropical forests can be transitioned from net carbon emitters to net sinks through the REDD+ framework. It details specific reforestation, restoration, and sustainable production forestry techniques, while emphasizing the necessity of 'additional' carbon benefits beyond business-as-usual baselines. The authors argue that achieving zero net emissions by 2030 requires a combination of reducing deforestation and scaling up sequestration activities, supported by international financial incentives and national policies that protect biodiversity and the rights of indigenous and local communities.

The document presents case studies of biodiversity restoration by small farmers in Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Uruguay, contrasting these with the destructive impacts of industrial agriculture, genetically modified seeds, and international trade agreements.

The document describes a voluntary labelling scheme designed to align debt instruments with the 1.5°C goal of the Paris Climate Agreement. It provides a three-step process for forestry bond issuance—pre-issuance, issuance, and post-issuance—and details the scientific criteria used to determine the eligibility of forestry projects. For the Brazilian market, it highlights the role of pulp and paper companies and the acceptance of the Brazilian Forest Certification Programme (Cerflor) as evidence of compliance.

The document outlines the Climate Bonds Standard and Certification Scheme, a voluntary labeling system for debt instruments aimed at limiting global temperature rise to 1.5ºC. It focuses on the Brazilian forestry market, detailing a three-step process for certification: pre-issuance (framework development and verification), issuance (investor engagement and listing), and post-issuance (annual reporting). Eligibility for forestry bonds is based on specific screening indicators—including forest planting, restoration, and sustainable management—and requires compliance with mitigation and resilience criteria, such as FSC or PEFC certifications and Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) protocols.

The document is an appendix of consulted legislation for a report on forest restoration in the Amazon. It catalogs federal laws and specific state-level legal frameworks from Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará, and Rondônia, and Roraima. The listed legislation covers a wide range of environmental governance topics, including the Forest Code, REDD+ mechanisms, Environmental Regularization Programs (PRA), and state-specific policies on bioeconomy, agroecology, and payment for environmental services.

The document argues that the Brazilian Amazon's diverse ecological and productive capacities allow for a strategic reordering of land use, where agricultural productivity is increased in degraded areas while high-carbon-capture areas are restored. It proposes the Reversing Deforestation Mechanism (RDM), a jurisdictional payment-for-results system that remunerates net carbon removals from forest restoration. The report estimates that natural regeneration in deforested areas could capture up to 26 GtCO₂, with the RDM potentially generating US$ 784 billion over 30 years at a price of US$ 50 per ton of CO₂. This mechanism is presented as complementary to JREDD+ (focused on reducing deforestation) and the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF, focused on maintaining standing forests), together forming a financial architecture to support Brazil's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and the transition to a low-carbon economy.

The report analyzes how state policies in the Brazilian Amazon facilitate or hinder forest restoration. It finds that while states have been pioneers in REDD+ and PSA and are essential for implementing the Forest Code via CAR and PRA, significant gaps remain. These include a lack of integrated governance, insufficient incentives for voluntary restoration, and bureaucratic barriers to native species silviculture. Pará is highlighted as the most advanced state, being the only one with a comprehensive State Native Vegetation Recovery Plan (PRVN-PA) and a mechanism for restoration concessions on public lands.

The report identifies a significant opportunity for carbon capture in the Brazilian Amazon, estimating that natural regeneration of deforested areas could sequester up to 26 GtCO₂. It proposes the Reversing Deforestation Mechanism (RDM), a jurisdictional results-based payment system, which could mobilize up to US$ 784 billion over 30 years at a carbon price of US$ 50 per ton. The RDM is presented as a complementary tool alongside JREDD+ (focused on reducing deforestation) and the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF, focused on conserving standing forests) to help Brazil meet its NDC targets and transition to a low-carbon economy.

The document argues that forest-based carbon credits should be treated as financial contributions to climate action rather than offsets for fossil emissions. It recommends shifting support from individual projects to jurisdictional programs to drive large-scale policy change, reduce leakage, and ensure better environmental integrity. The author emphasizes the need for conservative baselines, comprehensive social and environmental safeguards, and the full involvement of Indigenous Peoples and local communities, including the requirement for Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC).

The report 'Regulated Destruction' by Friends of the Earth International critiques biodiversity offsetting as a mechanism that enables corporate pollution and habitat destruction. It argues that by framing nature as 'natural capital' or 'ecosystem services', these instruments allow companies to circumvent environmental protections through promises of restoration or protection elsewhere. The document examines national implementations in India, Uganda, Canada, Colombia, Brazil, and Costa Rica, and highlights the role of the World Bank's IFC Performance Standard 6 in driving these practices. It further contends that offsetting leads to 'double land grabs' and is used by the aviation and agro-industry to maintain a social license to operate despite ongoing deforestation and emissions.

The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a global political framework adopted in 2014 and refreshed in 2021. It aims to halt natural forest loss by 2030 and restore 350 million hectares of degraded landscapes. The declaration identifies the conversion of forests for agricultural commodities—specifically soy, palm oil, beef, and paper—as accounting for approximately half of global deforestation. The NYDF asserts that achieving its goals could provide over 7 billion tons (CO2e) of cost-effective climate change mitigation annually by 2030, emphasizing the necessity of centering Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in these solutions.

The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a commitment to end natural forest loss and degradation by 2030 and restore 350 million hectares of forest landscapes. The declaration identifies agricultural commodities, infrastructure, and mining as primary drivers of deforestation and emphasizes the central role of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in forest protection. Achieving these goals is framed as a cost-effective climate solution capable of mitigating over 7 billion tonnes of CO2e annually by 2030, supporting the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C warming limit.

The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a statement of commitment to end the loss and degradation of natural forests by 2030. It identifies the conversion of forests for agricultural commodities—specifically soy, palm oil, beef, and paper—as accounting for roughly half of global deforestation. The declaration sets goals to eliminate deforestation from agricultural production, reduce impacts from infrastructure and extractive industries, and restore 350 million hectares of landscapes and forestlands by 2030. It emphasizes the central role of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in forest protection and aims to reduce emissions in alignment with the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C warming limit, potentially mitigating over 7 billion tons (CO2e) per year by 2030.

The document outlines the goals of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDf), noting that the target to halve deforestation by 2020 was not met. It identifies key drivers of forest loss, including large-scale infrastructure, extractive industries, and specific agricultural commodities, while highlighting the gap between conservation commitments and financial investments. Despite these challenges, it notes progress in Paris Agreement updates and the adoption of anti-deforestation measures by major consumer markets.

The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a statement of commitment to end the loss and degradation of natural forests by 2030. It identifies the conversion of forests for commodities—such as soy, palm oil, beef, and paper—as accounting for approximately half of global deforestation. The declaration sets specific targets for the private sector to eliminate deforestation from agricultural production and for the restoration of 350 million hectares of degraded landscapes and forests by 2030. It emphasizes that achieving these goals could reduce over 7 billion tonnes of annual CO2e emissions by 2030 and stresses the central role of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in forest protection.

The document outlines the objectives of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDf), noting that the 2020 goal to halve deforestation was not met. It identifies key drivers of forest loss, including agricultural commodities and extractive industries, while highlighting the role of financial institutions and the importance of indigenous peoples in forest conservation. Despite challenges, it notes progress through the Paris Agreement and demand-side measures in major consumer markets.

The document reports that the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) failed to meet its 2020 target of halving deforestation, with 10 million hectares of forest lost annually. It identifies drivers of loss including commodity agriculture, extractive industries, and a lack of deforestation policies in nearly two-thirds of the top 150 financial institutions. While noting progress through the Paris Agreement and demand-side measures in markets like the EU, US, UK, and China, it emphasizes the need for alternative development pathways and the inclusion of Indigenous peoples as forest stewards.

The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a statement of commitment to protect global forests, citing their role in supporting 80% of terrestrial biodiversity and absorbing carbon. The declaration sets specific targets for 2030, including halting natural forest loss, restoring 350 million hectares of degraded land, and reducing emissions in line with the Paris Agreement. It emphasizes the necessity of including indigenous peoples and local communities in governance and solutions to achieve these goals, which could mitigate 7.8 to 11.0 billion tonnes of CO2e annually by 2030.

The document outlines the objectives of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDf), noting that the 2020 target to halve deforestation was not met. It identifies drivers of forest loss, such as global commodity demand and extractive industries, while highlighting the role of financial institutions and the necessity of empowering Indigenous peoples and local communities to achieve climate solutions.

The document outlines the objectives of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), noting that the goal to halve deforestation by 2020 was not met. It identifies key drivers of forest loss, such as large-scale infrastructure, extractive industries, and specific agricultural commodities, while highlighting the role of indigenous peoples as forest guardians. The text calls for urgent systemic change, increased financial transparency, and the implementation of alternative development models to protect forests as a climate solution.