campesinos y biodiversidad en américa latina

The document presents case studies of biodiversity restoration by small farmers in Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Uruguay, contrasting these with the destructive impacts of industrial agriculture, genetically modified seeds, and international trade agreements.

• Small-scale farmers in Costa Rica have successfully implemented ecological restoration, such as the Díaz Alvarado family's project which restored over 137 tree species, including nine threatened with extinction, providing both environmental value and additional family income from timber and food.
• In Paraguay, the 'Farmacia viva' (Living Pharmacy) project in Itaguazú, established by Sobrevivencia Amigos de la Tierra, preserves traditional knowledge of medicinal plants, currently maintaining 51 species to ensure community access and knowledge exchange.
• Neoliberal economic policies in Uruguay have led to a crisis in family farming, characterized by land concentration, rural emigration, and a loss of cultivated biodiversity, prompting projects by APODU and REDES to reintroduce local crop varieties like butter beans to promote food autonomy.
• Industrial forest monocultures are identified as a major threat to biodiversity and rural stability; in Costa Rica, they cover between 121,000 and 147,000 hectares, often replacing primary forests and causing rural depopulation by generating up to 800 times fewer jobs per hectare than small-scale farming.
• The 'Green Revolution' and the dominance of multinational seed companies like Monsanto—which controls 90% of the transgenic seed market—have led to genetic erosion and 'biopiracy' through the patenting of traditional plant varieties.
• International frameworks and trade agreements are criticized for undermining local biodiversity; the WTO is cited for facilitating 'dumping' of subsidized Northern products, while the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is accused of facilitating 'colonial biopiracy' by allowing the sale of genetic resources through bilateral agreements.

APA

Friends of the Earth International (2003). campesinos y biodiversidad en américa latina. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/handful_esp.pdf

Chicago

Friends of the Earth International. campesinos y biodiversidad en américa latina. 2003. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/handful_esp.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Friends of the Earth International |title=campesinos y biodiversidad en américa latina |date=May 2003 |url=https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/handful_esp.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{friendsoftheearthinternational2003campesinos, author = {{Friends of the Earth International}}, title = {{campesinos y biodiversidad en américa latina}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, year = {2003}, month = may, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/handful_esp.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }