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This report evaluates the first five years of the European Green Deal (2019-2024), detailing the transformation of the EU electricity sector through the surge of wind and solar power, the resulting decline in fossil fuel dependency, and the associated economic and emissions benefits.

Ember modelling indicates that the UK can achieve a stable, decarbonised clean power system by 2030 while significantly reducing its reliance on expensive, imported biomass. By reducing biomass capacity by 2 GW—retaining only the equivalent of a single large-scale unit—biomass generation could drop to just 2% of total electricity generation, with the gap largely filled by power imports and a marginal increase in gas use.

This policy brief from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines the economic, health, and security benefits of transitioning Canada to a net-zero electricity grid by 2050. It argues that electrification across all sectors will require doubling or tripling electricity generation, which can be achieved through renewables to lower household costs, improve public health, and enhance energy independence.

Ember's response to the EU's energy security fitness check consultation argues that the EU must accelerate the energy transition to achieve self-sufficiency and eliminate reliance on imported fossil fuels, particularly from Russia, by 2027.

This report by Ember analyzes how clean electrification—the transition to low-carbon electricity for heating and transport—improves the UK's energy security by reducing reliance on fossil fuel imports and increasing overall energy efficiency.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-RIO) analyzes how deforestation in the Amazon rainforest reduces rainfall patterns, thereby jeopardizing hydroelectric power generation in Brazil. Through case studies of the Teles Pires HPP and plants in the Paraná Basin, the study demonstrates that the loss of forest vegetation reduces the moisture carried by 'flying rivers,' leading to lower river volumes and significant revenue losses for energy producers, even for plants located thousands of kilometers from the Amazon biome.

This policy brief by Transforma analyzes the electricity supply-demand balance in Colombia through 2038, specifically evaluating the impact of phasing out coal-fired thermal power plants. While the system currently has sufficient capacity, the report identifies potential deficits in 'firm energy' (reliable capacity during low hydrology) depending on the speed and sequence of the coal phase-out, emphasizing the need for accelerated renewable energy deployment and grid improvements.

This report by Ember examines Malaysia's electricity transition, arguing that leveraging the country's vast solar resources and improving grid flexibility through battery storage and regional interconnections can enhance energy security and affordability. It highlights the potential for solar to meet daytime demand peaks and suggests that aligning with more ambitious pathways, such as those from IRENA, could significantly reduce reliance on volatile fossil fuel imports.

The UK is currently off track to meet its 2030 offshore wind targets, facing a capacity shortfall of approximately 20-22 GW. While a sufficient pipeline of potential projects exists, the report argues that policy failures—specifically low strike prices in recent Contracts for Difference (CfD) auctions—have stalled development. To course-correct, the report recommends increasing the budget for the AR6 auction, shifting the CfD focus from price competition to delivery scale, and implementing strategic industrial growth plans to support the supply chain.

This research paper examines the energy infrastructure challenges faced by island states and the potential for decentralized renewable energy systems to improve resilience and sustainability in the face of climate change and geographic isolation.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics argues that maintaining climate policy continuity in the EU can enhance energy security, reduce costs for citizens, increase global competitiveness, and create employment opportunities, provided it is paired with robust social policies.

This working paper, based on a 2023 study by the Stockholm Environment Institute and others, evaluates four decarbonization scenarios for the gas sectors of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland. The analysis focuses on transitioning from fossil gas to renewable methane and hydrogen to enhance energy security and meet 2050 EU sustainability goals, projecting a regional gas demand reduction from 63 TWh in 2021 to 38 TWh by 2050.

This executive summary, based on a report by Aeby et al. (2023), analyzes four decarbonization pathways for the gas sectors of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland to achieve full decarbonization by 2050. The study evaluates scenarios including Business-as-Usual (BAU), Renewable Methane (REN-Methane), Renewable Hydrogen (REN-Hydrogen), and a Cost-Minimizing (CM) scenario, emphasizing the need for regional coordination to reduce dependence on Russian gas and meet EU sustainability goals.

The research paper argues that China is justified in its skepticism toward the Power of Siberia 2 gas pipeline project. The author contends that the project would undermine China's energy security by increasing dependence on a single source, create unnecessary capital expenditure due to market oversaturation in the Bohai Economic Rim, and conflict with China's goal to peak carbon emissions by 2030.

This briefing by Global Energy Monitor analyzes the impact of the Biden Administration's January 2024 pause on non-Free Trade Agreement (non-FTA) LNG export authorizations. It argues that the pause curbs a potential overbuild of U.S. export capacity without threatening European energy security, as U.S. capacity is still expected to grow significantly and European gas demand is forecast to decline.

A policy brief by the Public Affairs Research Institute (PARI) arguing that South African municipalities must rapidly deploy renewable energy solutions to ensure low-cost electricity and economic recovery, noting that nuclear options are significantly more expensive and slower.

This report by RMI analyzes three high-potential offshore wind development zones in the Philippines—Manila Bay, Tayabas Bay, and Guimaras—to accelerate the country's transition to renewable energy and address a looming energy crisis caused by the depletion of the Malampaya natural gas field.

This report by Ember analyzes the potential for offshore wind energy in Bulgaria's Black Sea maritime exclusive economic zone. It argues that while Bulgaria has seen a surge in solar power and a decline in coal generation, wind energy has stagnated. The document outlines the economic and security benefits of developing offshore wind, identifies current policy gaps and stakeholder concerns, and provides recommendations for the Bulgarian government to align with EU energy goals and regional trends.

The report identifies three opportunities for Japan by 2025: enhancing energy security through rapid renewable energy expansion (targeting 60-70% by 2035), leading ASEAN in transition finance and resilience, and establishing Tokyo as a global transition finance hub. It strongly warns that LNG methane leakage makes it a riskier alternative than previously thought, noting that US LNG can have a higher GHG footprint than coal.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines three strategic opportunities for Japan in 2025 to enhance energy security, establish global leadership in transition solutions, and position Tokyo as a hub for transition finance. It emphasizes the need for grid upgrades to unlock renewable energy, the adoption of science-based transition pathways for ASEAN partners, and the mitigation of methane leakage from LNG imports.