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This briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the potential for carbon markets to provide climate finance to Malawi. It discusses the transition toward a regulated framework following the finalisation of Article 6 rules at COP29, the role of the Malawi Carbon Markets Initiative, and the importance of community-led projects like the Kulera Landscape REDD+ Program in ensuring equitable benefit-sharing.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative outlines the environmental impact of agrifood systems in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), the financial barriers preventing their transition to sustainability, and how blended finance mechanisms can unlock private investment to address these challenges.

This research paper analyzes the G7's failure to meet its 2025 deadline to phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies, noting that subsidies reached a record USD 282 billion in 2023. The author examines the drivers of this increase, the distribution of subsidies across G7 members, and provides policy recommendations for the G7 to advance reform under Canada's presidency.

The Global Climate and Health Alliance (GCHA) submitted a consultation document in April 2025 providing recommendations to embed human health considerations into Nepal's draft Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) 3.0. The submission emphasizes the intersection of climate action and public health, urging Nepal to align its conditional targets with 1.5°C warming limits, address air pollution as a cross-cutting issue, and quantify the economic costs of health-related climate losses and damages.

The Green Banks Design Guide provides a framework for selecting and supporting green bank formats in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs), detailing four primary institutional models and three options for international support to accelerate their development.

This guide by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) examines the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF), the operational arm of the Resilience and Sustainability Trust (RST). It provides recommendations for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to improve coordination between finance ministries, sectoral ministries, and international development partners to better integrate climate risks into macroeconomic policy and catalyze climate finance.

The State of Green Banks 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the global landscape of green banks, focusing on their role in bridging a USD 7.4 trillion annual climate funding gap. Based on survey data from 51 public financial institutions, the report identifies four primary models for green banks—standalone de novo banks, enhanced public development banks (PDBs), green facilities within PDBs, and country platforms—and evaluates their suitability for different economic contexts, particularly in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs).

This options paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) provides a framework for governments to develop international agreements to reform and reduce fossil fuel subsidies (FFS). It outlines six key building blocks for such agreements: objectives, scope, substantive disciplines, carve-outs and exceptions, special and differential treatment (SDT), and enforcement mechanisms.

The 'STRATEGIE DE DEVELOPPEMENT A LONG TERME A FAIBLE EMISSION DE CARBONE ET RESILIENT AU CLIMAT DU TOGO' (LT-LEDS) is a comprehensive strategic framework designed to guide Togo toward carbon neutrality by 2060. The document outlines a transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy through sectoral transformations in energy, transport, agriculture, forestry, industrial processes, and waste management. It integrates climate goals with national socio-economic development, emphasizing inclusive growth, gender equality, and the mobilization of approximately 11.9 trillion FCFA in investments to mitigate climate risks and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This research paper outlines the priorities of South Africa's 2025 G20 presidency regarding climate finance, emphasizing the mobilization of resources for just energy transitions and the elevation of African concerns within the G20 framework, building upon the foundations laid during Brazil's 2024 presidency.

A 'Call to Action' issued on 12 March 2025 by Government Representatives of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) meeting in Bridgetown, Barbados. The document outlines the urgent need for a just energy transition in SIDS to reduce fossil fuel dependency, address climate vulnerabilities, and increase energy access through five key areas of action: strengthening commitments, mobilizing finance, enhancing regional platforms, augmenting institutional capacity, and improving resilience and innovation.

This research paper by the Center for International Environmental Law argues that private insurance companies in California are avoiding the costs of climate-driven disasters—specifically the January 2025 Los Angeles wildfires—by shifting risk to the public and the state-supported FAIR Plan, while simultaneously profiting from investments in the fossil fuel industry.

The '2030 Global Forest Vision' report outlines eight priority actions for governments to implement in 2025 to meet the goal of halting and reversing deforestation and forest degradation by 2030. The framework emphasizes integrating forest goals into national climate and biodiversity plans, scaling up finance through mechanisms like the Tropical Forest Finance Facility (TFFF), securing land rights for Indigenous and local communities, and reforming harmful agricultural subsidies.

The Global Energy Monitor's Wind and Solar Year Review 2024 reports that while prospective global utility-scale solar and wind capacity grew by over 20% in 2024, the current pipeline of 4.4 TW is only about half of the 9 TW required to meet the COP28 goal of tripling renewables by 2030.

This research paper proposes a worker-centric climate response for South Africa, emphasizing state-led financing through a dedicated climate response fund to ensure an equitable transition to a green economy.

This policy brief by the Institute for Economic Justice examines the role of Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) in climate finance, focusing specifically on the Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) in South Africa. It argues that the IDC's current operations are misaligned with climate goals due to a portfolio skewed toward carbon-intensive sectors and conservative lending practices, and proposes specific financial and governance reforms to support a just transition.

This research paper evaluates the international alignment and interoperability of the South African Green Finance Taxonomy (SA GFT). While the SA GFT shows high alignment regarding the 'Make Substantial Contribution' (MSC) principle, it faces challenges in usability and adoption concerning 'Do No Significant Harm' (DNSH) and 'Minimum Social Safeguards' (MSS) pillars, as well as gaps in governance and disclosure frameworks.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International regarding the COP16.2 negotiations in Rome, arguing that current biodiversity financing mechanisms are unjust and that a fundamental systemic change in the global financial system is required to effectively combat biodiversity loss.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the systemic failures of carbon offsetting, arguing that these mechanisms often increase global emissions rather than reduce them. The document details how both compliance and voluntary carbon markets suffer from low environmental integrity, lack of additionality, and fraudulent practices, particularly in forestry projects. It concludes that carbon offsets are not a valid climate solution and that priority must be given to direct emission mitigation over offsetting or unproven large-scale carbon removal technologies.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the investment gap for Indonesia's 2030 ENDC targets and examines the regulatory landscape and barriers hindering the scaling of climate-aligned finance in the country's financial sector.