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The report examines climate governance, targets, monitoring processes, and compliance mechanisms in the UK, EU, Germany, US, Japan, and South Korea. It argues that monitoring frameworks are essential for translating long-term net-zero visions into actionable policies and corrective actions, specifically to support Southeast Asian nations in their energy transitions.

The briefing outlines five critical focus areas for the Bonn Climate Conference: establishing indicators for the Global Goal on Adaptation, defining holistic food and agriculture systems, developing a new gender action plan, resolving impasses on the 'just transition' work stream, and mobilizing climate finance for low- and middle-income countries.

The document explores how distributed energy systems (DES)—technologies that generate and store energy near the point of use—can be implemented by First Nations in New Brunswick to achieve energy sovereignty. It highlights Amlamgog (Fort Folly First Nation) as a leader in this transition, noting its installation of 112 kW of solar capacity and its goal of becoming a net-zero energy community. However, the report identifies significant regulatory barriers, as the New Brunswick Electricity Act grants NB Power a dominant position and restricts the sale of electricity. The author argues that if all 15 First Nation communities in the province adopted community-scale DES, it would provide a capacity margin equivalent to a moderately-sized power plant, improving grid stability during extreme weather events. The document recommends establishing a 'regulatory sandbox' in Amlamgog, amending the Electricity Act to support Indigenous-led projects, and developing a robust business case for the net benefits of DES to ratepayers.

The paper emphasizes that Canada's transition to clean energy depends on expanding electricity transmission, which requires the active inclusion and ownership of Indigenous communities. It highlights the 'triple advantage' of Indigenous ownership—economic, social, and environmental—and provides five pragmatic recommendations for policymakers to support this integration. These include implementing a '5 Cs' framework (capital, clarity, capacity, corruption-free champions, and community champions), integrating traditional knowledge from Elders, and avoiding prescriptive, one-size-fits-all participation models. The authors argue that without such partnerships, the country cannot effectively move renewable energy from remote resource-rich areas to urban centers or eliminate persistent energy poverty in remote communities.

The briefing identifies three primary disinformation narratives used to deflect from climate change during the 2025 Canadian wildfire season: the emphasis on arson (including conspiracy theories about 'climate change agendas'), claims of government mismanagement of resources, and accusations of 'fearmongering' by political leaders. Monitoring from April 21 to June 20, 2025, shows these narratives are most prevalent on X and right-wing outlets, often utilizing 'junk science' to discredit peer-reviewed data. The document recommends that Canadian policymakers enact laws against greenwashing, adopt a robust definition of climate disinformation, and require transparency from large online platforms to mitigate the influence of fossil fuel-backed disinformation networks.

The document argues that the EU ETS1 is fit for purpose until 2035, after which a supply-demand mismatch for allowances may emerge. It strongly warns that integrating international carbon credits (Article 6) or carbon removals into the ETS would undermine the carbon price incentive, risk emissions mitigation avoidance, and divert investment away from domestic decarbonisation. For the upcoming ETS2, the brief recommends allowing the market to function for several years before making adjustments due to high price uncertainty. It also cautions against merging ETS1 and ETS2 due to differences in market actor price sensitivity and suggests maintaining national targets beyond 2030 to support the ETS.

Brazil is projected to increase oil and gas production by over 20% by 2030, with Petrobras driving more than half of this growth. However, analysis shows that up to 85% of Petrobrass new oil production would be economically unviable in a 1.5C world, creating significant stranded asset risks. Petrobras plans to invest USD 97 billion in oil and gas from 2025 to 2029, which is six times its spending on decarbonization and diversification. The report finds that Petrobras lags industry peers in target setting and business model diversification. To mitigate these risks, the authors recommend that the Brazilian government curb exploration licenses, redefine Petrobrass mandate toward a "harvest mode" strategy, and redirect financial flows toward clean energy, where an annual investment gap of USD 16 billion is projected by 2035.

The report finds that Canada is highly exposed to economic risks due to overinvestment in oil and gas relative to the global energy transition. Using IEA demand scenarios, it estimates that between 5% (Stated Policies Scenario) and 66% (Net Zero Emissions scenario) of projected capital investment from 2025 to 2040 could be stranded. The analysis indicates that Canadian oil is among the world's most expensive to produce, making it particularly vulnerable to price drops. The report argues that restricting the development of new fields and engaging in international diplomacy to reduce global supply could protect the industry's overall value and increase government revenues by preventing oversupply and price deflation. It also notes that U.S. tariffs on energy imports would likely amplify these risks by making Canadian production less competitive.

Belize's NDC 3.0 sets a target to avoid cumulative greenhouse gas emissions of 6,234 kTonCO2e by 2035 compared to a business-as-usual scenario. The plan focuses on scaling renewable energy, enhancing carbon sequestration in the AFOLU sector, and improving climate resilience across coastal, health, and infrastructure sectors. Implementation is heavily dependent on international climate finance, with an estimated total cost of 1.55 billion USD and a funding gap of 85%.

The document outlines the application of the Unlocking a Better Future (UBF) framework to Scotland's policy landscape to support a "net-zero, nature-positive" future. It details a methodology involving the mapping of existing policies against three transformative shifts—redefining the human-nature relationship, ensuring lasting prosperity, and investing in a sustainable future—to identify systemic gaps. Key recommendations include integrating nature-based education, exploring the 'Rights of Nature', and adopting wellbeing-based economic metrics. The framework emphasizes the use of the SDG Synergies tool to manage policy trade-offs and suggests tracking progress through values-based indicators, such as those from the World Values Survey, to monitor deep structural and cultural shifts.

The report calls for the EU to adopt a 2035 NDC target of at least 72.5% emissions reduction, aligning with a straight-line path toward a 90% reduction by 2040 and net zero by 2050. It emphasizes that a robust, investible target, supported by the Clean Industrial Deal and sectoral policies in energy, transport, and industry, will reduce dependence on fossil fuel imports—which cost the EU EUR 376 billion in 2024—and enhance global competitiveness. The authors advocate for a 'competitive sustainability' approach and strengthened public-private collaboration, citing models from Denmark, Sweden, and the Netherlands to accelerate the transition.

The We Mean Business Coalition's 'Business Call for Accountability' urges large multi-national companies and trade groups to adopt higher standards of transparency when engaging with the UNFCCC and COP processes. The call specifically asks companies to report annually on their climate advocacy activities and for trade groups to publicly disclose their climate and energy-related policy positions. This initiative aims to distinguish companies supporting the Paris Agreement from those hindering it, while counteracting negative lobbying from fossil fuel interests.

Following a major power outage in Spain and Portugal on 28 April 2025, disinformation networks utilized social media algorithms to spread false claims attributing the event to renewables and net zero policies. The report notes that these falsehoods were often presented as speculation or news reporting to undermine climate solutions, mirroring patterns seen during extreme weather events.

The paper examines the link between Japan's energy dependence and its national security, arguing that a shift to renewables is essential for strategic autonomy. It highlights Japan's vulnerability due to importing 97% of its energy and suggests that leading the Asia-Pacific transition could fill a leadership vacuum left by the US. While acknowledging China's dominance in renewable supply chains, the authors contend that diversifying these networks is more feasible than managing continuous fossil fuel imports.

China has surpassed its 2030 wind and solar capacity targets six years early, with clean electricity meeting 84.2% of additional demand in 2024. However, the report argues that the 'more renewables, more coal' era is ending and the next phase requires a shift from adding capacity to engineering a 'megasystem' involving smart grids, long-duration storage, and industrial electrification. While the 'new three' sectors (solar, batteries, EVs) have driven GDP, they face saturation and competition, making the development of next-generation technologies essential for sustaining China's 'growing by greening' economic strategy.

The report finds that the cumulative aligned GSS+ market reached USD 5.7 trillion by the end of 2024. Green bonds remain the dominant theme, while sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) saw a significant decrease in aligned volume. Europe continues to be the largest source of aligned GSS+ debt, and the report highlights the growth of sovereign issuance and the development of national taxonomies.

The Canadian Climate Institute proposes four immediate priorities for the new government: strengthening industrial carbon pricing, finalizing oil and gas methane regulations, completing the Clean Electricity Investment Tax Credit, and establishing a national climate taxonomy for the financial sector.

The report outlines the commercial and climate imperatives for heavy industries to adopt carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. It identifies synergies where industrial waste, infrastructure, and expertise can accelerate the scale-up of biogenic, geochemical, and synthetic CDR. The document provides a framework for monetization through carbon credits, green premiums, and government incentives, while warning against 'mitigation deterrence'—the risk that CDR replaces essential decarbonization efforts.

The Net Zero Banking Alliance (NZBA) has voted to convert mandatory requirements for reducing client emissions into "best practice" guidance, removing the requirement for banks to set targets aligned with the 1.5°C warming limit and the 2050 net zero goal.

Reclaim Finance criticizes the Net Zero Banking Alliance (NZBA) for proposing a new protocol that replaces mandatory 1.5°C alignment with a non-binding goal of limiting warming to "well below 2°C, striving for 1.5°C." The document asserts that removing the 1.5°C requirement and the 2050 net zero target is an act of irresponsibility that contradicts UN climate agreements and the IPCC's findings on the necessity of the 1.5°C limit to prevent catastrophic climate impacts. It further argues that the NZBA's justification—that the world is not on track for 1.5°C—is an excuse to avoid the financial sector's responsibility to accelerate the energy transition by reallocating capital from high- to low-polluting activities.