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The report analyzes the potential demand response to an EU ETS scope expansion for extra-EEA flights. It finds that demand effects are generally small at current price levels, particularly for high-emitting segments such as long-haul flights, business travel, and private aviation, which exhibit low price elasticity. The study highlights that cost pass-through rates are higher in competitive markets and at uncongested airports. Non-price factors, including value of time, airline loyalty, and airport attractiveness, are identified as primary drivers of the observed differences in price sensitivity across market segments.

The evaluation concludes that the SAP has become operationally ineffective, failing to deliver on its promises of simplification and acceleration. While it has provided unintended value as a 'stepping-stone' for Direct Access Entities (DAEs) to build institutional capacity, it is now virtually indistinguishable from the standard Project Approval Process (PAP). The report recommends discontinuing the SAP in its current form and replacing it with a new, integrated access modality featuring delegated authority and a focus on replicating proven interventions rather than piloting new ideas.

The report details the disproportionate risks faced by women environmental and human rights defenders (WEHRDs) in Africa, including gender-based violence, criminalization, and digital surveillance. It highlights a significant gap between the actual violence experienced and official data, which often underreports attacks against women. Through country spotlights on Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, South Africa, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Nigeria, the document illustrates how patriarchal norms and corporate-state collusion exacerbate the vulnerability of WEHRDs. It concludes with recommendations for African states and international donors to implement gender-responsive protection frameworks, end the criminalization of activism, and provide flexible, long-term funding for women-led grassroots initiatives.

The report finds that global banks significantly increased fossil fuel financing in 2024, totaling $869 billion, with $429 billion specifically directed toward fossil fuel expansion. This trend persists despite climate pledges and the Paris Agreement goals. The analysis highlights a retreat from voluntary climate commitments, such as the collapse of the Net Zero Banking Alliance, and identifies major financiers including JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Citigroup. It also documents the human rights and environmental harms caused by these investments in regions such as the Amazon, the Arctic, and Southeast Asia.

The report provides a comprehensive roadmap for industrial decarbonization in East Asia, focusing on China, Indonesia, and Viet Nam. It proposes a six-tier technical strategy ranging from energy efficiency to green hydrogen and clean feedstocks. The analysis highlights that while efficiency and 'easy electrification' are cost-effective, deeper decarbonization requires massive investments—USD 1.7 trillion cumulatively through 2050 for industry alone across the three nations—and a fully decarbonized power grid. It recommends a policy package centered on carbon pricing, renewable energy procurement, and workforce reskilling to overcome high upfront costs and technical barriers.

The report outlines a five-step framework for structuring adaptation-focused financial instruments: defining a resilience thesis, building a bankable pipeline, strategically engaging funders, cultivating local collaborations, and measuring impact. It highlights that while adaptation finance lags behind mitigation, private sector opportunities exist if perceived risks are managed through blended finance and simplified structures. Based on 17 adaptation-relevant instruments, the report notes that 12 successfully mobilized capital, totaling USD 1.2 billion, emphasizing the role of technical assistance and concessional capital in de-risking early-stage projects.

The report finds that women in South African politics face significant online abuse, particularly on TikTok and X, often targeting their physical appearance, age, and intelligence. While South Africa possesses a comprehensive legal framework to combat gender-based violence, enforcement is weak. Social media platforms are criticized for inadequate moderation of non-English content and a lack of transparency in their enforcement processes. The report recommends that the South African government integrate OGBV into the remit of the National Council on Gender-Based Violence and Femicide and that platforms expand multilingual moderation to cover all 12 official languages.

The report examines the climate and health impacts of routine gas flaring in 20 countries that export oil and gas to the European Union. It finds that nearly 10 million people live within 5km of active flares in these nations, with Iraq and Nigeria being the most affected. The authors argue that the EU can use its buying power to catalyze flaring reductions by adopting a methane import standard, which would align with the EU's Global Health Strategy and the Global Methane Pledge.

The briefing provides a framework for climate-conscious investors to use their voting rights at 2023 AGMs to hold companies accountable for their climate strategies. It recommends voting against the re-election of directors, executive remuneration, and financial statements if companies fail to disclose comprehensive 1.5°C-aligned strategies or continue fossil fuel expansion. The document specifically analyzes the inadequacies of 'Say on Climate' resolutions and provides case studies on companies like TotalEnergies, BP, and BNP Paribas, while offering a set of priority written questions for the energy, utility, and financial sectors.

The report analyzes the Brazilian sustainable securitization market, highlighting the dominance of green labels and the potential for asset-backed securities (ABS) to fund small-scale sustainable projects in agriculture and energy.

The document outlines a comprehensive framework for the gaming industry to move beyond 'net zero' toward 'drawdown.' It identifies key leverage points for software companies, including the reduction of Scope 3 emissions from players' devices, the use of the industry's massive reach to normalize climate solutions, and the decarbonization of corporate cash and investments. The guide provides specific actionable recommendations and real-world examples from companies like Xbox, Ubisoft, and Unity to demonstrate how these strategies can be implemented in practice.

The UCS Science Network aims to build a science advocacy movement by collaborating with partners to provide tools, training, and networking opportunities for scientists. The network emphasizes anti-racism, diversity, equity, and inclusion, seeking to build equitable partnerships between scientists and frontline communities. Recent successes include the 2022 Science Advocacy Movement Building School, the Science and Civics Guide for the 2022 midterm elections, and various workshops on power mapping and community advocacy conducted with organizations such as the National Science Policy Network and the American Geophysical Union.

The report identifies widespread labor rights violations by Chinese companies in Southern Africa, including low wages, unsafe working conditions, and unfair dismissals. It highlights a systemic failure of national governments to enforce labor laws, often exacerbated by corruption and political ties between Chinese investors and local elites. While some positive impacts on employment and infrastructure are noted, the study emphasizes the precarious nature of these jobs and the marginalization of trade unions.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) emphasizes that advancing gender equality is critical for a climate-resilient future, as women are disproportionately affected by climate change yet act as key agents of change. The GCF mandates gender mainstreaming across all interventions through its Governing Instrument and Gender Policy, requiring every project to include a Gender Action Plan. The Fund has committed to providing $10 billion annually in support designed to optimize co-benefits between climate action and gender equality. Specific examples of this approach include supporting women-led agricultural enterprises in Ghana, argan tree cooperatives in Morocco, clean energy enterprises in Mongolia, and off-grid renewable energy SMEs in Kenya and Rwanda via the KawiSafi Ventures Fund.

The report finds that the 60 largest global banks provided $3.8 trillion in fossil fuel financing from 2016 to 2020. Despite a 9% drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, financing levels remained higher than in 2016. JPMorgan Chase is identified as the world's worst fossil fuel banker, with $317 billion provided over the five-year period. The analysis highlights a significant gap between banks' 'net zero by 2050' pledges and their continued funding of fossil fuel expansion, particularly in sectors like LNG, offshore oil and gas, and coal. The report also details the human rights and environmental impacts of specific projects, such as the East African Crude Oil Pipeline and the Line 3 pipeline, and argues that current bank policies are insufficient to align with the 1.5C goal of the Paris Agreement.

This research paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) identifies key strategies to accelerate climate change adaptation across Africa. Based on interviews with African scientists and practitioners, the paper advocates for a shift toward locally-led, inclusive solutions that integrate indigenous knowledge with scientific projections. It proposes three primary investment pillars: enhancing people's skills and knowledge, building climate-resilient economies, and investing in nature-based solutions.

The report examines how different climate funds can be combined to achieve results that exceed the capacity of any single mechanism. It identifies several types of synergies, including the scaling up of pilots, continuity of action, and the blending of qualitatively different financial instruments (e.g., grants and loans). The analysis highlights that while convergence of funding is common, synergies are often hindered by administrative misalignments, such as diverging approval processes and time gaps between project phases. Key drivers for success include strong national coordination, the use of country investment plans, and the role of 'local champions' and Direct Access Entities. The report recommends strengthening country-driven investment planning, harmonizing fund procedures, and improving cross-fund information sharing to maximize the effectiveness of climate finance.

The report finds that 91% of analyzed coal plants have unsafe levels of coal ash constituents in their groundwater. It highlights systemic failures in the 2015 Coal Ash Rule, such as the exemption of older dumps and inadequate monitoring of 'upgradient' wells. The analysis identifies the ten most contaminated sites in the U.S., noting that many impact low-income communities and communities of color. The authors argue that current regulations are insufficient and recommend regulating all ash dumps, requiring 'high and dry' storage, and increasing transparency and drinking water testing.

The document argues that simplistic stereotypes, such as the 'jihadi bride' narrative, fail to capture the complex motivations of women and girls radicalised to Islamist extremism. It identifies key drivers including the appeal of 'sisterhood', a desire for purpose, perceived religious duty, and reactions to social discrimination. The toolkit recommends a gender-sensitive, multi-agency approach to intervention, emphasizing trust-building, person-centred care, and the avoidance of gender biases. It details the UK's Channel programme and the Dutch 'Safety House' model as primary frameworks for these interventions.

The Land Accelerator, supported by Germany's BMZ and the DOEN Foundation, provides technical knowledge and capital to entrepreneurs restoring degraded land. The 2019 Demo Day featured 14 African entrepreneurs from 8 countries presenting businesses focused on sustainable food, land use, and climate resilience.