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This working paper compares offset protocols from five different programs, focusing on landfill methane, manure digesters, and afforestation project types to assess quality standards and credibility in offset markets.

This 2009 briefing by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute examines the Montreal Protocol's success in ozone recovery and its failure to address the climate impacts of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and their substitutes, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). It highlights the risk posed by existing ODS 'banks' and the rapid growth of HFC emissions, while discussing proposed legislative responses in the United States and internationally.

This report by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) analyzes how state climate action plans in the United States incorporate land use, transportation, and green building policies as of July 2009. It finds that while transportation and green building are common, specific 'smart growth' land use practices are the least frequent component of these plans.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) details the employment potential of renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) sectors globally and within the United States. It compiles various studies and reports to argue that clean energy transitions can provide quality, long-term jobs and economic growth, contrasting these trends with the decline of traditional fossil fuel employment.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes policy options for addressing competitiveness and carbon leakage resulting from differential climate change policies and measures (PAMs). It evaluates the economic and environmental effectiveness of border carbon adjustments (BCAs), free allowance allocations, and sectoral approaches, while examining their legality under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and their political implications for developed and developing nations.

This case study analyzes the development of wind power in Egypt as of March 2009, examining the economic and institutional barriers to scaling up clean energy investment in a country that is a net exporter of fossil fuels. It evaluates the wind resource potential, compares the levelized costs of wind against natural gas combined cycle gas turbines (CCGT), and outlines the necessary regulatory and strategic conditions required to transition from donor-funded projects to private-sector investment.

This briefing paper examines the economic, legal, and geopolitical challenges of implementing Border Carbon Adjustments (BCAs) to address industrial competitiveness and carbon leakage. It analyzes the tension between unilateral trade measures and international climate principles, specifically the UNFCCC's principle of common but differentiated responsibility.

This report proposes the creation of a 'Traditional Knowledge (TK) Commons' to facilitate the sharing of traditional knowledge for non-commercial research while preserving the biospiritual virtues and cultural integrity of indigenous and local communities (ILCs). It argues against the wholesale commodification of TK, suggesting instead a licensing system that ensures reciprocity, non-appropriation, and the continued flow of knowledge back to the source communities.

Opening remarks delivered at a South African Institute of International Affairs conference in October 2009, discussing the intersection of trade and climate change policy, specifically in the context of the upcoming UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen.

The report argues that stabilizing atmospheric CO2 at 350 ppm is economically feasible, with estimated costs between 1% and 3% of global GDP, and is necessary to avoid catastrophic climate change. It challenges the 'go slow' approach of some economists and demonstrates that with adjusted assumptions on climate sensitivity and economic damages, even standard models like DICE support rapid decarbonization.

The 'Green Streets' report analyzes the carbon footprint of York residents, finding an average of 12.58 tonnes of CO2 per person, slightly above the UK average. The study highlights significant variation between neighbourhoods, noting that rural and city-centre areas often have higher footprints, while student-heavy or poorer areas have lower ones. By correlating footprint data with resident attitudes and infrastructure, the report identifies specific neighbourhoods (such as Holgate and Osbaldwick for transport, and Heworth for housing) as having the highest potential for carbon reduction through targeted behavioural change campaigns.

This 2009 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) analyzes financial mechanisms and opportunities for collaboration between the European Union and India to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It evaluates the limitations of existing UNFCCC mechanisms, identifies sectoral barriers to low-carbon transitions, and proposes specific initiatives in solar energy, energy efficiency, and black carbon reduction to align EU climate goals with India's development priorities.

Friends of the Earth issued a statement criticizing the Kerry-Boxer draft climate bill, arguing that it contains significant loopholes and insufficient emissions targets to effectively combat climate change.

The document analyzes the second Africa South America summit held on 27-28 September 2009 on Margarita Island, Venezuela, focusing on efforts to strengthen South-South co-operation as a counterweight to Northern influence and the ideological divisions among participating nations.

This concept paper outlines an expert roundtable workshop hosted by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) in Mombasa, Kenya, on September 29-30, 2009. The workshop focuses on the legal, policy, and institutional challenges associated with climate change and transboundary water conflicts in Africa, with a specific emphasis on the Nile River Basin.

A speech delivered by Mr. John Rao Nyaoro on behalf of Kenya's Minister of Water and Irrigation at a 2009 workshop in Mombasa. The address discusses the impacts of climate change on water resources in Kenya and Africa, the resulting internal and transboundary water conflicts, and Kenya's policy responses and diplomatic positions regarding the Nile Basin.

This research paper analyzes the economic and political relations between China and Nigeria, tracing their history from post-independence hostility to intense engagement and a subsequent cooling-off period. It examines trade imbalances, the dominance of oil in Nigerian exports, and various sectoral interactions including power, rail, and finance.

This research paper discusses the necessity of integrating governance education into African universities to support national and continental development, noting a disconnect between the recognized importance of good governance and the current state of higher education infrastructure and policy focus.

This report documents a seminar held by the Institute for Security Studies on September 19, 2009, regarding the unionisation and democratisation of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The discussions focus on the tension between constitutional labour rights and military discipline, the adversarial relationship between the Department of Defence (DOD) and military unions, and the systemic grievances of soldiers leading to protests.

This statement, delivered on the 75th anniversary of the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA), outlines the evolving role of think tanks in the 21st century, specifically within the African context. The speaker emphasizes the necessity of informed public debate to guide government action and argues that African think tanks must overcome financial and political constraints to diversify global knowledge production and influence policy outcomes.