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The handbook outlines a 'Smart and Sustainable Island Development Model' based on experiences from Aegna and Vasikkasaari. It details a three-stage strategic planning process: setting a shared vision, conducting a sustainability assessment across environmental, economic, social, and cultural dimensions, and establishing goals and action plans. The guide emphasizes the use of 'smart solutions'—including IoT sensors for weather and air quality, Bluetooth and infrared visitor tracking, satellite imagery for vegetation decay, and drone-based bird nest counting—to reduce the need for physical maintenance visits and improve data collection. It also advocates for citizen science, such as using the iNaturalist app for biodiversity monitoring and student-led marine litter research, to engage the public and gather extensive datasets. Practical examples include the implementation of a centralized waste management station on Aegna and the development of nature trails and resting areas on Vasikkasaari.

The document outlines a strategic framework for transforming small islands near urban centers into sustainable tourism destinations. It emphasizes a four-dimensional sustainability model (environmental, economic, social, and cultural) and details the use of 'smart solutions'—such as IoT sensors, satellite imagery, and citizen science—to monitor ecosystems and manage visitor flows. The guide is based on experiences from Aegna and Vasikkasaari islands, providing a step-by-step process for visioning, sustainability assessment, and the implementation of infrastructure and waste management systems.

The document argues that climate change creates systemic, transboundary risks to food security that cannot be managed through traditional national strategies like diversification. Using a 'stress test' methodology, it identifies critical vulnerabilities in the trade of maize, rice, wheat, soy, sugar cane, and coffee, highlighting that a few major exporters—such as the US, Brazil, and China—transmit significant risk to global consumers. The authors call for a shift from national adaptation to a cooperative multilateral approach, utilizing frameworks like the Paris Agreement's Global Goal on Adaptation and rethinking climate finance to target systemic resilience in global commodity markets.

The report assesses green public procurement (GPP) in Tallinn, finding that while 17% of procurements are registered as green, 92% of these rely solely on ISO 14001 certification and do not meet EU GPP definitions. Key barriers include a lack of time, experience, and centralized information. The report recommends establishing a strategic framework, creating a GPP competence center within the procurement sector, and developing product-group-specific model criteria to increase the quality and quantity of sustainable purchases.

The study analyzed 452 grants awarded to nine Swedish cities, finding an exponential increase in municipal participation in research projects over the last decade. While cities are engaging across a wider variety of sectors—most notably climate and resource efficiency—and themes like digitalization, they are less frequently in leading roles compared to 2011. The research highlights a persistent underrepresentation of civil society in these consortia, which remain dominated by industry, government, and academia.

The research develops a model to calculate the investment needs for nine Swedish cities to reach climate neutrality by 2030. Using five 'strategy mixes' and three emission forecasts, the study assesses the financial feasibility of these transitions. Preliminary results indicate that while targets are achievable and financially viable, they require significant shifts in food consumption and substantial investments from private citizens, governments, and industry. For example, in Malmö, total mitigation reductions could range from 17% to 51%, with annual per capita investments between 19,790 and 23,765 SEK.

The study analyzes mobility in Lääne-Viru County, finding a high reliance on private cars due to sparse settlement patterns. It highlights the importance of rail connections to Tallinn and the need for demand-responsive transport to support an aging population. Key recommendations include improving pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, integrating different transport modes, and implementing traffic calming measures in residential areas.

The document provides the technical appendices for the 2021 Production Gap report, outlining the data sources and calculations used to determine the discrepancy between planned fossil fuel production and climate-consistent levels. It describes the 'countries’ plans and projections' (CPP) pathway, which aggregates data from 15 major producer countries and scales it globally using IEA STEPS. It also details the selection of 1.5°C and 2°C consistent pathways from the IPCC SR1.5 database, applying specific constraints on carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. Finally, it compares the 2021 findings with the 2019 assessment, noting that the overall production gap remains largely unchanged despite minor declines in coal and oil projections.

The report advocates for a paradigm shift in sanitation and wastewater management, moving from a 'waste disposal' model to a 'resource recovery' model. It details how the safe recovery of water, nutrients, organic matter, and energy from human excreta and wastewater can improve public health, enhance agricultural productivity, and mitigate climate change. The text provides a comprehensive framework for sustainable systems, covering technical design, health risk management, environmental protection, institutional governance, and financial models. It emphasizes that sustainability depends on adapting technologies to local geographic, social, and economic contexts rather than applying universal solutions. The report includes diverse global case studies—ranging from potable water reuse in Namibia to biogas production in China and fuel briquettes in Kenya—to demonstrate the practical viability of these systems.

The document provides a comprehensive synthesis of the 2018 Global Sustainable Blue Economy Conference's Science and Research Symposium. It argues that a sustainable blue economy—defined as the productive and sustainable use of oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers—must be grounded in multidisciplinary science and public-private partnerships. Key focus areas include the sustainable extraction of deep-sea minerals, the mitigation of climate change through blue carbon ecosystems (mangroves, seagrasses, and seaweed), and the modernization of maritime transport through AI and robotics. The report emphasizes the need for capacity building in the Global South, particularly in Africa, and proposes the establishment of a Global Blue Economy Investment Facility to mobilize finance and technology transfer.

Urban air pollution in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) poses a severe risk to children's health and development, with significant burdens found in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Children are more vulnerable due to their developing bodies and higher inhalation rates per unit of body weight. Key pollution sources include inefficient biomass combustion for cooking and heating, vehicle emissions, and waste burning, with residents of informal settlements facing the highest risks. The document advocates for integrating air quality management into climate change commitments (NDCs), investing in monitoring infrastructure—including citizen science—and adopting multi-sectoral interventions that target pollution sources rather than just symptoms.

The paper explores how citizen science can help achieve SDG 12.3 by addressing 26 priority research questions on food loss and waste. It argues that citizen science serves as both a data collection tool and a catalyst for behavioral and policy change by building shared understanding among food system actors.

The study examines the link between green bonds and climate targets for the twenty largest European green bond issuers in 2018. It finds a disconnect between these issuers' climate targets and their green bond frameworks, alongside deficiencies in post-issuance reporting. The author concludes that there is minimal pressure for issuers to align bond proceeds with ambitious science-based targets, suggesting a need for policy intervention to prevent greenwashing and align the market with planetary boundaries.

The document reviews a report by Mulder et al. (2020), which was commissioned by Shell, regarding the impact of Shell's production limits on global energy consumption. The author, Peter Erickson, argues that Mulder et al. use misleading evidence to downplay the link between supply restrictions and price increases. Erickson asserts that reducing supply leads to higher prices and lower consumption, thereby reducing CO2 emissions. He further disputes the claim that other companies would simply take over Shell's licenses, citing national policy shifts in countries like Denmark and the potential for increased investment risk across the fossil fuel sector.

The research synthesizes literature and expert elicitation to quantify drivers of change affecting peatland carbon stocks and highlights the critical gap in current climate modeling frameworks, which largely omit peatland ecosystems.

The report advocates for 'social-ecological transformation' in Asian cities—defined as the simultaneous pursuit of social justice and ecological protection—to meet global climate targets. It emphasizes the need for inclusive decision-making and structural shifts in the built environment, transport, and public participation sectors to move beyond short-term projects toward long-term sustainability.

The document outlines eight categories of barriers to climate change adaptation—ranging from conflicting timelines and lack of resources to institutional constraints and climate skepticism—and provides a self-assessment questionnaire and a directory of resources to help local authorities implement adaptation measures.

The document identifies eight categories of barriers to climate adaptation: conflicting timescales/interests, leadership, resources, science, governance/institutional constraints, lack of awareness/communication, attitudes/values/motivations, and the adaptation process itself. It provides a self-evaluation survey for local authorities to identify their specific challenges and offers a curated list of resources and critical discussion questions to facilitate stakeholder engagement and problem-solving. Findings from CASCADE workshops indicate that spatial planners in the Baltic Sea Region perceive financial resource shortages as a primary barrier, while emergency management practitioners highlight climate skepticism as a significant challenge.

The review examines six key ASEAN guidelines, including those on Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA), crop insurance, responsible investment, public-private partnerships, and gender mainstreaming. It finds that while these guidelines often lack documented evidence of national-level implementation due to ASEAN's non-binding governance and lack of funding, they serve as critical tools for regional consensus and multilateral policy-making, such as submissions to the UNFCCC. The report recommends moving toward more strategic, intersectoral policy-making, improving the accessibility and readability of documents, and pairing guidelines with concrete implementation plans and monitoring frameworks.

The strategy outlines a comprehensive plan for Bosnia and Herzegovina to transition to a green economy by 2030 and achieve significant emission reductions by 2050. It identifies high vulnerability in agriculture, water management, and forestry due to increasing temperature extremes and erratic precipitation. The document proposes a low-carbon development path focusing on replacing inefficient coal-fired power plants with renewables, improving building energy efficiency, and modernising transport. A total investment of approximately BAM 16.7 billion is estimated for mitigation and BAM 170 million for adaptation by 2030.