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This case study examines Tanzania's difficulties in establishing horizontal linkages within its mining sector, focusing on the failures of its National System of Innovation (NSI) and the complexities of the Central Development Corridor (CDC) infrastructure project.

The 2018 Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE) report provides a global inventory of policies and regulations supporting Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7), focusing on electricity access, clean cooking, energy efficiency, and renewable energy across 133 economies from 2010 to 2017.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) evaluates the effectiveness of public investments in agriculture to improve food security, specifically focusing on farm support and rural development in low- and lower-middle-income countries in Africa and Asia.

The Santa Cruz Declaration on Local Green Enterprises is a 2017 joint statement by the Green Economy Coalition emphasizing the critical role of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in driving the transition to inclusive, green, and resilient economies.

This guide by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) provides six recommendations for funders and technical assistance practitioners on delivering effective country programmes to support climate compatible development in developing countries, based on CDKN's experience in 12 priority countries and the Caribbean.

This working paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) provides lessons on leveraging private sector finance for climate compatible development based on projects in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It emphasizes the need for country-specific approaches, strong public sector leadership, and the use of innovative financial instruments to bridge the gap between commercial interests and climate goals.

This report by Friends of the Earth International explores the synergies between Community Forest Management (CFM) and agroecology, arguing that these community-led approaches are more effective for forest conservation and food sovereignty than industrial agribusiness or top-down conservation models like REDD+.

This report by Friends of the Earth International explores the synergies between Community Forest Management (CFM) and agroecology, arguing that these integrated approaches are more effective for forest conservation and food sovereignty than industrial models or market-based conservation schemes.

This report by Friends of the Earth International explores the synergies between Community Forest Management (CFM) and agroecology, arguing that these community-led approaches are more effective for biodiversity conservation and food sovereignty than top-down industrial models or market-based conservation schemes.

This research paper analyzes the strategic relationship between Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) during a period of political transition in Angola. It argues that ensuring a stable and predictable DRC is Angola's primary foreign policy objective, though Luanda's support for President Joseph Kabila has diminished due to electoral delays and regional instability.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the emergence of agricultural growth poles (agropoles) and corridors in Africa. It describes these as coordinated investments in infrastructure and industry designed to transition African agriculture from subsistence to commercial systems. The document outlines the operational challenges facing these projects, the necessity of robust legal frameworks to avoid creating 'enclaves', and a three-step model (vision, design, and implementation) for ensuring responsible and sustainable development.

This research paper examines whether climate change-related expenditures are appearing in the national budgets of Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda to support the implementation of their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The author finds that while some budget projections show increasing resources for key ministries, there is a significant discrepancy between these estimates and actual spending, and many NDC-related projects remain heavily dependent on international donor support.

This research paper examines how voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) act as both barriers and enablers for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) attempting to enter global value chains (GVCs) coordinated by multinational corporations (MNCs), with a specific focus on South Africa and Kenya as regional economic gateways.

This document introduces the results of a Mining Policy Framework (MPF) assessment for Rwanda, conducted by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) with support from the Government of Canada. The assessment aims to help the Rwandan government target implementation efforts, inform capacity-building, and monitor progress in mining policy.

This working paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) proposes a practical framework for implementing climate action in cities, particularly in developing countries. Based on an analysis of seven urban projects across Asia, Africa, and Latin America, the paper identifies five critical levers—power and leadership, communication and engagement, capacity building, financing implementation, and the demonstration effect—that practitioners can use to overcome barriers and embed climate compatibility into urban planning and investment.

This research paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) identifies five critical success factors for increasing the climate resilience of water infrastructure. Based on a review of six projects across Africa, South Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean, the paper argues that resilience requires moving beyond engineering design to include strategic planning, stakeholder engagement, and institutional capacity building to avoid 'stranded assets' and protect economic growth.

This report examines the potential of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), including public blockchains like Bitcoin and private distributed ledgers, to improve funds transfers and financial inclusion in emerging markets. It analyzes how these technologies can reduce remittance costs, streamline inter-institutional clearing and settlement, and enhance regulatory oversight for Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Know Your Customer (KYC) processes.

This report, based on opening remarks by Sam Bickersteth at a July 2017 conference, reviews the activities of the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) from 2010 to 2017. It evaluates the progress of 'climate compatible development'—the principle that climate action should not hinder poverty reduction—and identifies systemic gaps in institutional capability, finance, and the implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in developing nations.

This working paper describes the experience of the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) in becoming a learning organisation to better address the complex challenges of integrating climate change into development action. It outlines six models and frameworks—levels of learning, complexity models, adaptive and generative learning, action-reflection cycles, design principles, and core building blocks—that CDKN has used to systematise its approach to capturing and applying knowledge.

This policy brief examines the barriers to upscaling Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) in sub-Saharan Africa and proposes policy interventions to enhance food security and climate resilience.