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The report identifies a wide array of technical innovations for phosphorus capture and reuse in the Baltic Sea Region but notes they are often voluntary and under-supported by EU policy. Stakeholders generally oppose a centralised EU regulatory approach, citing a lack of confidence in administration and the need to respect regional diversity in farming systems. Instead, there is significant interest in market-based approaches to commoditise phosphorus residues and the use of stakeholder platforms to mediate between competing regional interests.

The report finds that the integration of climate change adaptation into Swedish forestry policy was slow and hindered by the dominance of production and mitigation frames. While academic advocacy and external events like Storm Gudrun (2005) increased awareness, the sector's long tradition of relying on experience over predictive modeling and a strong focus on short-term productivity created significant resistance. The study concludes that while some progress was made through the Commission on Climate and Vulnerability, adaptation is often viewed through the narrow lenses of either increasing production or preserving biodiversity, rather than as an integrated policy approach.

The report assesses three global energy scenarios—Baseline, Basic Energy Access, and Shared Development Agenda—to determine how to provide energy for development while limiting global warming to 2°C. It argues that achieving these goals requires a massive socio-technical transformation of energy supply and demand, moving beyond incremental changes to a system dominated by renewables and high energy efficiency. The authors emphasize that this transition requires multi-level governance, including stronger public RD&D, the removal of fossil fuel subsidies, and a shared global development agenda that prioritizes equitable income growth and energy access for the world's poorest regions.

In 2011, Sida and the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) performed a desktop review of a sample of projects to assess how accurately Sida's financial data was classified according to OECD DAC policy markers. The analysis focused on markers for climate change adaptation, climate change mitigation, biodiversity and ecosystem services, and the environment to ensure robust reporting and internal consistency in development cooperation assistance.

The report recommends that nations adopt strategic principles to accelerate the global energy transition. These include implementing policies for energy efficiency and renewable energy scale-up, creating a transparent global investment fund for poor and emerging economies, developing policy assessment frameworks based on planetary boundaries to manage Earth systems risks, and using sustainable energy measures as a metric for development and environmental progress.

The document details the outcomes of a September 2011 workshop designed to scope the Arctic Resilience Report (ARR). It defines resilience as the capacity of a system to absorb disturbance and reorganise while retaining its identity, and proposes a methodology to identify 'tipping points'—abrupt and potentially irreversible changes in social-ecological systems. The report outlines a preliminary assessment of Arctic drivers (such as climate change and resource demand), sources of general resilience (including biodiversity and governance), and potential regime shifts across local, regional, and pan-arctic scales. It concludes with a formal proposal to the Arctic Council to implement the ARR project between 2012 and 2015, emphasizing the integration of indigenous knowledge and the need for policy-relevant outputs.

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon argues that sustainable energy is essential to defeating poverty and combating climate change. He proposes three linked objectives for 2030: universal access to modern energy, doubling the rate of energy efficiency improvement, and doubling the share of renewable energy in the global mix. The document identifies financial, regulatory, and infrastructural barriers to this transition and calls for a global 'clean energy revolution' supported by the Sustainable Energy for All initiative.

The document outlines the use of human urine as a nutrient-rich, low-cost alternative to chemical fertilizers. It details the composition of urine, application strategies to maximize crop yields while minimizing ammonia loss, and a multi-barrier risk management approach based on WHO guidelines to ensure health safety. The guide also addresses the economic value of urine, institutional frameworks for implementation, and provides case studies from Sweden, Burkina Faso, and Niger.

The document examines the rise of public-private partnerships (PPPs) as a mechanism for funding public infrastructure and services. While acknowledging benefits such as private sector expertise and off-budget funding, it highlights significant drawbacks, including higher long-term costs, reduced transparency, and a lack of sustainability criteria. The author argues that PPPs have not yet delivered on their potential for long-term sustainability and suggests that they should be redesigned to stimulate green growth and embed environmental and social safeguards across their entire life cycle.

The report examines the technical and operational challenges of implementing nodal pricing in Europe, contrasting the European model of separated energy and transmission markets with the US Independent System Operator (ISO) model. It highlights conflicts between market flexibility and transmission system operator (TSO) security needs, the potential for integrated energy and reserve markets to increase flexibility, and the technical uncertainties surrounding the EU Target Model's flow-based approach to congestion management.

The report evaluates information tools used to encourage residential energy retrofits, categorizing them by the stage of the decision-making process they target: creating awareness, assisting in planning, and supporting professional implementation. It finds that while individual tools like detailed billing or energy audits can trigger savings, their effectiveness often depends on implementation design, such as 'opt-out' participation and the communication skills of professionals. The document highlights that in Germany, the government aims to reduce buildings' primary energy demand for thermal use by 80% by 2050, requiring a significant increase in the annual retrofit rate.

The study examines climate change adaptation in Stockholm and Gothenburg, identifying stakeholders and factors that hinder the implementation of adaptation measures. It concludes that the most significant difficulties in adaptation are primarily linked to response capacity.

The text highlights the tension between the 2007 Climate and Vulnerability Assessment's call for immediate adaptation and the practical difficulties in implementing investments in the water services sector, citing uncertainties regarding the timing of climate impacts and competing municipal priorities.

The report identifies three categories of information tools to support residential thermal retrofits: those that raise awareness of benefits, those that assist in planning and investment, and those that train professionals. It finds that while individual tools like detailed billing or in-home displays can reduce energy consumption by 1-10% or more, their effectiveness depends on implementation factors such as 'opt-out' participation, user education, and the quality of professional certification. The document emphasizes that information tools are generally cost-effective and can significantly catalyze energy efficiency investments when tailored to consumer needs.

Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) is a global federation of 76 autonomous environmental groups with over 2 million members. Founded in 1971, the organization has evolved from a small group of activists into a decentralized network that prioritizes environmental and social justice. FoEI's current strategy, 'mobilise, resist, transform', focuses on challenging the neoliberal economic model, which it identifies as the driver of climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion. The federation advocates for key concepts such as 'environmental space', 'ecological debt', and 'food sovereignty' to create sustainable societies. Its work spans several core areas, including climate and energy justice, forest protection, food sovereignty, and resisting extractive industries like mining, oil, and gas.

The document outlines the 40-year history and strategic framework of Friends of the Earth International (FoEI), a global federation of 76 member groups. It argues that environmental destruction, poverty, and human rights violations are systemic issues rooted in a neoliberal economic model. FoEI's approach focuses on 'mobilizing, resisting, and transforming' through key concepts such as climate justice, ecological debt, and food sovereignty. The report details specific campaigns against extractive industries, GMOs, and deforestation, while highlighting the role of grassroots activism and international solidarity in achieving policy changes and protecting indigenous rights.

The document serves as a comprehensive manual for professionals and decision-makers on the safe and effective application of human urine in agriculture. It details the nutrient composition of urine, provides evidence from global field trials showing yields comparable to mineral fertilizers, and outlines a 'multiple barrier' risk management strategy based on WHO guidelines to prevent pathogen transmission. The guide also addresses the economic value of urine, institutional frameworks for implementation, and provides a specific local guideline example for Niger.

The BIO-EARN programme (1999–2010) aimed to empower Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda to utilize agricultural, environmental, and industrial biotechnologies for sustainable development. Funded by Sida and coordinated by the Stockholm Environment Institute and later the Inter-University Council for East Africa, the programme focused on human capacity building, infrastructure development, and the creation of an enabling policy environment. Key achievements include the training of 30 PhD and 30 MSc students, the upgrading of 17 laboratories with over SEK 25 million in investment, and the development of stress-tolerant sorghum and disease-resistant root crops. The programme also pioneered biosafety risk assessment and intellectual property management in the region, facilitating the transition of research from laboratories to pilot-scale applications in waste water treatment and agro-processing.

The Swedish pulp and paper industry has shifted its strategy toward increased on-site electricity production, wind power investments, and new production partnerships. This change was primarily driven by economic factors, specifically the 1996 Swedish energy market reform and the EU ETS, while renewable electricity certificates provided additional income. Cognitive shifts regarding electricity market pricing and the EU ETS also contributed to this strategic reorientation.

The document examines the trend of trade protectionism following the Great Recession, specifically focusing on government subsidies and bail-outs. It argues that while subsidies are not inherently illegal under WTO rules, South Africa's specific rescue packages—administered through the Industrial Development Corporation (IDC)—may constitute 'actionable subsidies' under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (ASCM) because they provide preferential financial benefits to specific enterprises. The author recommends that South Africa shift from short-term unilateral protectionism toward long-term trade facilitation and the promotion of policy space for developing countries to invest in emerging industries like green technology.