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This fact sheet from the Climate Bonds Initiative details a EUR 350 million perpetual green bond issued by Citycon on November 22, 2019, to fund environmental improvements in urban shopping centres.

This fact sheet details a NOK 1.3 billion green bond issued by Norske Tog AS on December 11, 2019, to finance or refinance electric trains and urban rail projects in Norway.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines government support for fuel consumption in the fisheries sector, analyzing data from the OECD and WTO. It highlights the prevalence of fuel tax concessions and direct price support across both OECD and non-OECD economies, while noting significant gaps in transparency and notification within WTO frameworks.

This fact sheet details a EUR 500 million green covered bond issued by Sparebanken Sør Boligkreditt on October 26, 2019, to finance and refinance residential mortgages in Norway that meet specific energy efficiency and building code standards.

This fact sheet details a EUR 500 million green covered bond issued by SR Boligkreditt AS on October 8, 2019, certified under the Climate Bonds Standard v2.1 for low carbon residential buildings in Norway.

This report by Multiconsult for Santander Consumer Bank AS assesses the climate gas emission impact of the bank's electric vehicle (EV) portfolio in Norway as of July 2019. The analysis calculates avoided direct (Scope 1) and indirect (Scope 2) emissions by comparing 25,787 eligible electric cars against a baseline of average internal combustion engine vehicles.

This fact sheet describes a EUR 500 million green bond issued by the Norwegian savings bank Sparebank 1 SMN on September 11, 2019, with a maturity date of September 11, 2026. The bond is intended to finance green buildings and projects related to the circular economy.

This report presents the perspectives of signatories of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) five years after its 2014 inception. It evaluates progress toward ten global goals to end natural forest loss by 2030, identifying systemic barriers such as weak governance, insufficient financing, and land tenure insecurity, while highlighting successful multi-stakeholder partnerships and nature-based solutions.

This report evaluates the progress of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) five years after its inception. It finds that despite increased awareness and technological monitoring, global deforestation has accelerated, and most 2020 targets will be missed. The document highlights a critical gap in funding, where investments driving deforestation vastly outweigh those for conservation. It emphasizes that indigenous land rights and strong political will are essential prerequisites for success, while corporate progress is stalled by supply chain complexity. The report calls for a paradigm shift toward 'green finance' and nature-based solutions to align forest protection with global climate and sustainable development goals.

This report by the Forest Declaration Assessment (UNDP) evaluates the progress of signatories of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) five years after its 2014 launch. Based on consultations with 84 signatories—including governments, companies, NGOs, and indigenous organizations—the document identifies critical barriers to ending natural forest loss by 2030 and outlines eight key lessons to accelerate implementation. It emphasizes that while high-level commitments are numerous, measurable action is lagging, with tropical primary forest loss increasing by 44% between 2002-13 and the reporting period.

This fact sheet details a CHF 200 million green bond issued by BKW Group on July 29, 2019, marking the first utility issuer in Switzerland to do so. The bond, with a maturity date of July 29, 2027, is used to finance renewable energy, energy efficiency, green buildings, and terrestrial biodiversity conservation, with current allocations focused on hydro and wind power plants.

This report proposes a framework for 'International Mitigation Partnerships' (IMPs) to leverage Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and natural climate solutions, specifically within the forest and land sector, to bridge the global emissions gap by 2030.

A statement by David Waskow of the World Resources Institute criticizing the slow progress of UN climate negotiations in Bonn, Germany, and calling for increased ambition and financial support ahead of the UN Climate Action Summit.

The June 2019 Bonn negotiations aim to build a foundation for higher climate ambition ahead of the UN Climate Action Summit. Key priorities include refining the Paris Rulebook's tools and rules to prevent double-counting of emissions, integrating IPCC science into national commitments (NDCs), and addressing the funding and operational effectiveness of the Green Climate Fund, the Adaptation Fund, and the Warsaw International Mechanism for loss and damage.

This document is a Green Bond Fact Sheet from the Climate Bonds Initiative detailing a SEK 1bn (USD 106m) green bond issued by Fastighets AB Balder on June 5, 2019.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law analyzes the June 2019 Climate Negotiations (SB-50) in Bonn, focusing on the integration of human rights into climate policies, the development of Article 6 mechanisms of the Paris Agreement, and the work of various UNFCCC constituted bodies.

Hemfosa Fastigheter AB issued a SEK1.3bn (USD135m) senior unsecured green bond on May 16, 2019, to fund green buildings and energy efficiency projects. As the first listed Swedish community service property owner to issue a green bond, Hemfosa requires assets to meet strict certifications (e.g., BREEAM Very Good) and energy efficiency thresholds (25% better than national regulations). The company committed to annual public reporting on the use of proceeds and GHG emissions avoided.

The Green Economy Coalition welcomes the UK Committee on Climate Change's recommendation for net-zero emissions by 2050 but argues it is a minimum baseline. The Coalition calls for greater ambition beyond current technological constraints, a focus on biodiversity and planetary boundaries, and a just transition involving new ownership models to ensure green investment benefits society rather than just large corporations.

This fact sheet provides details on a NOK 300 million green bond issued by Clemens Kraft AS on February 13, 2018, to fund small-scale run-of-river hydro power plants in Norway.

This report analyzes local procurement policies (LCPs) in the mining sector, examining how governments can increase the purchase of goods and services from domestic suppliers to foster industrial development and economic diversification. It details various ways to define "local"—through geography, value addition, or ownership—and evaluates demand-side and supply-side policy instruments, ranging from mandated percentages and targeted lists to supplier development programs and access to finance. The document emphasizes that LCPs are most effective when supported by a conducive business climate, reliable data, and complementary capacity-building measures for local firms.