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The Report of the IAI Directorate to the Executive Council 18th Meeting, dated December 4-5, 2003, outlines the activities, strategic progress, and administrative status of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) since June 2003. It details efforts to increase institutional visibility through international partnerships, the implementation of regional training institutes, and the management of Core Research Network (CRN) projects.

This report from the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) details activities and progress between June and November 2003. It outlines the implementation of six strategic goals focused on strengthening Collaborative Research Networks (CRNs), capacity building in scientifically weaker member countries, and increasing the institute's visibility through international partnerships and educational institutes.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law examines the evolution and application of the Minimum Standard of Treatment (MST) for foreign investments in international law, with a specific focus on NAFTA Chapter XI and the tension between customary international law and bilateral investment treaties (BITs).

This report from the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) details activities and progress between December 2002 and May 2003. It outlines the implementation of six core strategies focused on consolidating research networks, developing a new scientific agenda, enhancing capacity building in scientifically weaker member countries, and increasing the institute's visibility through international partnerships and advisory services.

This 2003 fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International describes the European Investment Bank (EIB) as a powerful yet 'invisible' financial institution that operates with limited public oversight. The document criticizes the EIB for its lack of transparency, inadequate environmental and social safeguards, and its failure to be held accountable by EU institutions or the public, particularly regarding its lending activities outside the European Union.

This report from the Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) provides an analysis of institutional, programmatic, and educational activities conducted between August 1 and October 31, 2001. It details membership updates, the status of scientific capacity programs, and the outcomes of training initiatives like the IAI/UM Summer Institute.

This report from the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) provides an analysis of institutional, programmatic, and educational activities conducted between August 1 and October 31, 2001. It details membership updates, the status of scientific programs such as the Initial Scientific Program (ISP) and the Cooperative Research Networks (CRN), and the outcomes of the IAI/University of Miami Summer Institute.

This commemorative report by Friends of the Earth International (FOEI), published in June 2001, celebrates its 30th anniversary by documenting community-led sustainability projects across its global network of 66 independent groups. The document highlights local initiatives in forest preservation, organic food systems, biodiversity conservation, climate action, and resistance to neoliberal economic globalization.

This research paper examines the growth, structure, and regulation of the private security industry in South Africa as of 1999. It analyzes the industry's shift toward performing functions traditionally reserved for the police, the resulting tensions regarding accountability and human rights, and the industry's expansion into other African nations.

This case study describes a corporate crisis involving Treeton Chemical, a U.S.-based firm, and its Italian acquisition, Tossico Chemical. The venture, Treeton-Tossico, became the center of an international scandal after it was revealed that the company improperly exported 650 tons of toxic waste to Nigeria in 1987, leading to severe legal, financial, and reputational threats from the Italian government and European environmental coalitions.

This document is a selected bibliography titled "HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY," compiled by David Downes for the Center for International Environmental Law and dated July 1, 1992. It provides a curated list of legal cases, United Nations reports, World Bank operational directives, and academic literature concerning the intersection of human rights, indigenous peoples' rights, and environmental protection.

This policy brief by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) argues that Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) mechanisms act as a major legal and financial barrier to climate action. It contends that ISDS allows fossil fuel investors to sue governments for implementing climate regulations, creating a "chilling effect" that deters states from phasing out fossil fuels and aligning financial flows with the Paris Agreement.

This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law outlines several reform options for Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) to be considered by UNCITRAL Working Group III. The document argues that current ISDS mechanisms are asymmetrical, often ignoring state obligations and public interest, and proposes alternatives such as multilateral treaty termination, the allowance of state counterclaims, public interest carve-outs, 'clean hands' clauses for investors, the requirement to exhaust local remedies, and expanded third-party access to proceedings.

This fact sheet by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) evaluates the measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems used by China, Germany, Italy, and the United States to track greenhouse gas emissions and climate mitigation actions. The analysis assesses these systems against six criteria: transparency, comparability, reliability, usefulness, timeliness, and completeness.

A 1988 policy report by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) calling for the U.S. President and Congress to prioritize energy policy to combat global warming, improve international economic competitiveness, and enhance energy security. The document advocates for a multi-pronged approach centered on energy efficiency, renewable energy, reforestation, and international leadership to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This report by Sandbag assesses the 2017 Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR) deal, which sets emission reduction targets for non-ETS sectors in the EU for 2021-2030. The authors argue that the current -30% target is insufficient for Paris Agreement goals and advocate for project-based cooperation between Member States to achieve reductions cost-effectively and avoid carbon lock-in in lower-income countries.

This guide details the methodology used by Ember for its monthly wind and solar capacity dataset, which as of March 20, 2026, covers 25 countries and regions representing approximately 92% of global solar and 91% of global wind capacity.

This report by Ember provides an interim analysis of 15 draft National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) from EU Member States, focusing on the power sector transition. It finds that while wind and solar capacity targets have increased significantly since 2019, they still fall short of REPowerEU goals. The analysis highlights a critical lack of quantified targets for electricity storage and flexibility, as well as poor data quality and transparency across the submitted plans.

This report by Ember examines how the closure of the Strait of Hormuz exposes the fragility of global fossil fuel dependencies, particularly in Asia, and argues that scaling 'electrotech' (EVs, solar, wind, batteries, and heat pumps) provides a viable path to energy security and economic independence.

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International describes the European Investment Bank (EIB) as a powerful yet 'invisible' public financial institution owned by EU member states. It argues that the EIB operates with significant legal obscurity and lacks the transparency, environmental standards, and public accountability found in similar institutions like the World Bank. The document details specific criticisms from NGOs regarding the EIB's lack of environmental expertise, its failure to support the Kyoto Protocol, and its resistance to public information requests.