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Eurogrid issued a EUR750m green bond on 15 May 2020 to finance and refinance the Ostwind 1 and Ostwind 2 offshore connections in the Baltic Sea. The bond, certified under the Climate Bonds Standard v3 for Marine Renewable Energy, supports wind farms with a total capacity of approximately 1.5GW. It is noted as the first green bond explicitly linked to offshore wind transmission infrastructure and offshore wind in the Baltic Sea.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute provides guidance for Ministries of Finance on integrating climate change mitigation and adaptation into COVID-19 economic recovery packages. It argues that aligning stimulus spending with climate goals can maximize long-term economic gains, create more jobs than traditional investments, and reduce future systemic risks.

This short study by the NewClimate Institute evaluates the compatibility of Germany's current climate targets with a fair CO2 budget, concluding that existing goals are outdated and insufficient to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement.

This fact sheet details a EUR 50 million green bond issued by BayernLB on April 9, 2020, with a maturity date of October 9, 2030. The bond is a government-backed entity issue intended to finance eligible green loans in the areas of renewable energy, real estate, and mobility.

An analysis of preliminary 2019 emissions data from the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), highlighting a significant decline in power sector emissions driven by the collapse of coal power and the emergence of steel plants as primary emitters in several countries.

A fact sheet detailing a JPY 2 billion green loan issued by Dream Private REIT on January 31, 2020, used to refinance the DPR Hiratsuka Logistics Center, which holds a 5-star BELS certification.

This report analyzes the evolving jurisprudence of UN human rights treaty bodies (HRTBs) from 2008 to 2019, concluding that States have legal obligations under human rights treaties to implement ambitious climate mitigation (including phasing out fossil fuels), ensure inclusive adaptation, and provide international cooperation. Key developments include a 2019 joint statement by five HRTBs and the Human Rights Committee's recognition that climate change threatens the right to life, potentially triggering non-refoulment obligations in deportation cases.

The 2020 Global Electricity Review by Ember analyzes global electricity generation changes in 2019, highlighting a record 3% fall in global coal-fired generation and a corresponding 2% drop in power sector CO2 emissions. While the EU and US saw significant coal collapses, China's coal generation rose, making it responsible for over half of global coal generation for the first time. Wind and solar generation grew by 15%, though the report notes that this growth rate is slowing and may be insufficient to meet Paris Agreement goals without concerted global effort.

The 2019 Global Coal Plant Tracker report reveals a contradictory trend: while the global pipeline for new coal plants has shrunk by two-thirds since 2015 and generation fell by 3% in 2019, net global capacity actually increased by 34.1 GW due to a surge of new plants in China. Western commercial banks have largely ceased direct financing for coal, but Chinese state banks and Indian state-owned finance corporations continue to provide significant funding. The report emphasizes that current trends are insufficient to meet the IPCC's goal of an 80% reduction in coal use by 2030 to limit global warming to 1.5°C.

Porsche AG issued a EUR1bn/USD1.12bn green bond on August 12, 2019, to finance the development and manufacture of the Porsche Taycan, its first fully electric sports car. Certified under the Climate Bonds Standard v2.1 for Low Carbon Transport, this is the first certified issuance from a car manufacturer. The bond supports Porsche's broader goal of investing over EUR6bn by 2022 in hybrid and electric vehicles and charging infrastructure, with a commitment to eventually operate the Taycan's manufacturing plant near Stuttgart, Germany, on a zero carbon basis.

This research paper examines Turkey's strategic efforts to expand its influence in North and East Africa to counter regional isolation and secure energy interests. It focuses on Turkey's military and political support for the Government of National Accord (GNA) in Libya, its diplomatic tensions with Greece, Cyprus, Egypt, and France over Mediterranean exclusive economic zones, and its broader 'Open to Africa' policy exemplified by its deep involvement in Somalia.

This Green Bond Fact Sheet details a SEK 750 million (USD 80 million) green bond issued by Sagax AB on December 16, 2019, to finance low-carbon, energy-efficient buildings with at least LEED Gold certification.

This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law synthesizes the work of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) regarding climate change. It details the Committee's use of General Comments, a Joint Statement with other treaty bodies, and the State reporting procedure to establish that States have human rights obligations to mitigate climate change, protect vulnerable populations, and provide international cooperation and finance.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and the Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (GI-ESCR) synthesizes the work of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) regarding climate change. It details the CRC's use of General Comments, the State reporting procedure, and the communications procedure to establish that States have legal obligations to protect children's rights—including the rights to life, health, and culture—against the impacts of global climate change.

This feasibility study evaluates the potential for implementing EuroPACE, an on-tax financing instrument for residential energy efficiency retrofits, across Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. The report analyzes market barriers, existing national loan schemes, and case studies of successful programs in France (Oktave), Germany (KfW), and the Netherlands/UK (Energiesprong) to identify scalable models for deep retrofits.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates Germany's fossil fuel funding, ranking it first among G20 OECD member countries with an overall score of 71/100. The document details government support across various fossil fuel sectors, highlights progress in reducing coal subsidies, and identifies remaining areas of high support, particularly in transport and industry.

A briefing by the Climate Action Tracker (CAT) providing a global temperature update as of December 2019, highlighting a significant gap between current government pledges and the Paris Agreement goals, while detailing trends in coal, natural gas, and renewable energy.

This document summarizes a practitioners' workshop held on December 6, 2019, in Madrid during COP25. The event, organized by the EU REDD Facility, Climate Policy Initiative (CPI), and UNDP, focused on the tools, methodologies, and challenges associated with mapping and tracking domestic climate finance to support national climate strategies and Paris Agreement objectives.

This report by the NewClimate Institute assesses the potential for seven specific countries to increase their greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets to align with the Paris Agreement's goals of limiting global warming to well below 2°C and pursuing 1.5°C.

This policy brief by the NewClimate Institute presents national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets for 2030 and 2050 aligned with the Paris Agreement's temperature goals. It compares two distinct methodologies for distributing these targets: fairness-based approaches, derived from Climate Action Tracker evaluations, and cost-effectiveness approaches, based on marginal abatement cost curves.