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FROM DEPENDENCY TO PARTNERSHIP: WHERE ARE AU–EU RELATIONS HEADING?
This policy brief by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the evolution of relations between the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU), arguing that the relationship remains a model of dependency rather than a true partnership. It analyzes the history of various conventions and agreements, evaluates the Joint Africa–EU Strategy (JAES), and discusses the priorities of the fifth AU–EU Summit held in Abidjan in November 2017, specifically regarding youth, migration, and investment.
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Document type: Policy brief
VALLETTA 2015 TO ABIDJAN 2017: RECENT TRENDS IN AU–EU MIGRATION RELATIONS
This policy brief analyzes the evolving migration relations between the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU) leading up to the November 2017 AU-EU Summit in Abidjan. It highlights a fundamental mismatch in priorities: the EU focuses on stemming irregular migration and border control, while African nations prioritize development, employment, and the management of remittances. The author critiques the EU's use of aid conditionality through the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF) and notes the lack of a unified African position on migration, which weakens the continent's leverage in bilateral and international negotiations.
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Document type: Policy brief
EU Climate Leadership After Paris: Rising to the Challenge
This discussion paper examines the European Union's role in climate leadership following the United States' decision to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and the United Kingdom's decision to leave the EU.
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Document type: Research paper
FOREST AND LAND USE POLICIES ON PRIVATE LANDS: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON ARGENTINA, BRAZIL, CANADA, CHINA, FRANCE, GERMANY, AND THE UNITED STATES
This executive summary provides a comparative legal analysis of forest protection and land use legislation across seven major agricultural exporting countries: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, and the United States. The study specifically examines riparian buffer zones and biodiversity conservation policies on private lands to contextualize the stringency of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12.651/2012).
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Document type: Executive summary
Legal Opinion: On the de-identification exemption included in the draft Commission criteria for the determination of endocrine disrupting properties and the proposed exemption for endocrine disrupting substances on non-vertebrates under Regulation 1107/2009 on the placing of plant protection products on the market
This legal opinion by the Center for International Environmental Law argues that the European Commission's proposed criteria for determining endocrine disrupting properties under Regulation 1107/2009 (Pesticides Regulation) exceed the Commission's implementing powers and are incompatible with the regulation's objective of ensuring a high level of protection for human and animal health and the environment.
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Document type: Briefing
European governments must decide whether environmental democracy is a key value for the twenty-first century
The Center for International Environmental Law argues that the Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation, and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters is at a critical existential moment. The organization calls on 47 European and Central Asian states meeting in Montenegro to reaffirm their commitment to environmental democracy against rising trends of judicial attacks on NGOs, the influence of industry lobbyists, and the emergence of illiberal democracies.
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Document type: Statement
Markets for low carbon, low cost electricity systems
This research paper by the Climate Policy Initiative argues that existing electricity market designs, based on short-term marginal costs, are ill-suited for a low-carbon transition dominated by variable renewable energy (VRE). The authors propose a bifurcated market model—separating a long-term 'energy market' for commodity production from a short-term 'delivery market' for flexibility—to lower financing costs for capital-intensive assets and provide clearer incentives for flexibility resources like batteries and demand response.
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Document type: Research paper
A Guidebook to Reviews of Fossil Fuel Subsidies
This executive summary describes a guidebook designed to help countries conduct self- and peer reviews of fossil fuel subsidies (FFS). It outlines the purpose of these reviews as tools for transparency, accountability, and peer learning to support the phase-out of inefficient subsidies. The document details the 'building blocks' of a review—scope, definition, measurement, evaluation, and next steps—and provides practical recommendations based on the experiences of countries such as China, Finland, New Zealand, Peru, and Sweden.
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Document type: Executive summary
MANAGING ECONOMIC MIGRATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
This research paper by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) analyzes South Africa's immigration regime and its impact on African economic migrants. It examines the tension between the government's desire to attract highly skilled talent and its efforts to deter irregular, semi-skilled migration. The paper evaluates the 2016 Green Paper on International Migration, noting its potential to streamline some processes while criticizing its regressive proposals for asylum seekers. It also compares South African policies with those of the European Union and discusses the role of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in regional migration governance.
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Document type: Research paper
Response to the United States Trade Representative’s Stated Objectives on NAFTA Negotiations: An environmental perspective
This document is a response to the USTR's July 2017 objectives for NAFTA renegotiation, arguing that the process provides an opportunity to integrate sustainable development, improved governance, and environmental standards into the trade relationship between the US, Canada, and Mexico.
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Document type: Report
Mobilising low-cost institutional investment in renewable energy
This report by the Climate Policy Initiative proposes the Clean Energy Investment Trust (CEIT) to overcome barriers—such as illiquidity and high due diligence costs—that prevent institutional investors from funding renewable energy. By designing the CEIT as a listed, low-fee vehicle focused on liability-hedging rather than high growth, the authors estimate that potential institutional investment could increase from $305 billion to nearly $4 trillion, significantly lowering the cost of capital for the energy transition.
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Document type: Report
CETA threatens EU Member States' ability to effectively regulate dangers of pesticides
This report by the Center for International Environmental Law argues that the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between the EU and Canada could undermine the ability of EU Member States to regulate pesticides due to pressures for regulatory convergence and the introduction of private trade tribunals for corporations.
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Document type: Report
Multilateral Investment Court Will Empower Corporations at Expense of People and Environment
The Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) argues that the proposed Multilateral Investment Court (MIC), championed by the European Union and Canada, fails to address the fundamental flaws of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) and instead prioritizes corporate rights over public interest, human rights, and environmental protections.
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Document type: Statement
Joint Statement on Commitment to the Paris Climate Agreement
A joint statement by representatives from various international think tanks and academic institutions expressing unwavering commitment to the Paris Climate Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development following the announcement of the United States' withdrawal.
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Document type: Statement
IISD Speech: President and CEO Scott Vaughan at the World Circular Economy Forum 2017, Helsinki
A speech delivered by IISD President and CEO Scott Vaughan at the World Circular Economy Forum 2017 in Helsinki, discussing the need for macroeconomic indicators beyond GDP to properly value the circular economy, the potential for job growth, and the necessity of reforming fiscal incentives.
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Document type: Statement
Timeline for the PMRA’s second Special Review on atrazine
A letter from five environmental and health organizations to Canada's Minister of Health requesting a specific completion deadline of April 2018 for the Pest Management Regulatory Agency's (PMRA) second special review of the herbicide atrazine.
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Document type: Statement
The End of Coal Mining in South Wales: Lessons learned from industrial transformation
This report analyzes the decline of coal mining in South Wales, United Kingdom, from its growth during the industrial revolution to its disappearance in the 1990s, to provide lessons for other regions transitioning away from coal.
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Document type: Report
Impacts and mitigation of excess diesel NOx emissions in 11 major vehicle markets
This research paper estimates the global health and environmental damages caused by diesel NOx emissions, highlighting a significant gap between laboratory certification limits and real-world emissions across 11 major vehicle markets.
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Document type: Research paper
CIEL Statement on the 8th Conference of the Parties (COP) of the Stockholm Convention
A statement by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) criticizing the European Union for introducing loopholes into the Stockholm Convention's ban on DecaBDE and proposing similar exemptions for endocrine disrupting chemicals in the EU.
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Document type: Statement
Why We March for Science
A statement by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) expressing support for the March for Science on April 22, 2017, and highlighting the importance of science-based criteria for regulating endocrine disruptors chemicals (EDCs), particularly within the European Union.
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Document type: Statement