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The document highlights the rising economic burden of climate-driven disasters in Canada, noting that insured losses from 2010 to 2019 exceeded $18 billion. It asserts that climate change adds an average annual cost of $700 per household through higher grocery prices, insurance premiums, and taxes. The author calls for increased public investment in adaptation, citing that every dollar spent on adaptation yields $13 to $15 in economic returns and that climate-resilient road materials could save up to $5 billion nationally over coming decades.

Climate change is increasing the average Canadian household's annual cost of living by $700 through higher grocery prices, insurance premiums, and taxes. Between 2010 and 2019, insured losses for catastrophic weather events exceeded $18 billion, with the frequency of such events tripling since the 1980s. The author contends that while Canada's National Adaptation Strategy is a start, the country lags behind peer nations in adaptation funding despite a high return on investment, where every dollar spent generates $13-$15 in economic returns. Specifically, using climate-resilient road materials could save up to $5 billion nationally over several decades by reducing damage costs by up to 98 per cent.

The June 2021 heatwave in British Columbia was the deadliest disaster in the province's history, resulting in 619 heat-related deaths. The report estimates the economic value of these lost lives at 5.5 billion CAD using the value of a statistical life. Key vulnerabilities identified include a lack of mechanical cooling in residential and public buildings, inadequate urban canopy, and institutional failures in emergency coordination and early warning systems. Economic impacts extended to agriculture, where producers lost at least 25 million CAD in revenue, and the labor market, with significant productivity losses. Future projections suggest that without adaptation, heat-related hospitalizations could reach 6,000 per year by 2030, and annual heat-related deaths could average 1,370 by 2030. The report recommends prioritizing mechanical cooling, urban greening, updating building codes, and improving the precision and lead time of weather warnings to three days.

The report argues that federal funding from Budget 2023 can help provinces modernize electricity grids and reduce the cost of transitioning to net zero. While electricity rates may rise modestly, the shift to more efficient electric technologies like heat pumps and electric vehicles is projected to lower average household energy spending by 12% by 2050. The authors emphasize that provinces should adopt targeted policy tools, such as means-tested fixed charges, to ensure energy affordability for low- and middle-income households.

The report argues that federal investments in clean electricity will lower overall energy expenses for Canadians by 2050, despite modest increases in electricity rates, provided that provinces implement targeted affordability measures for low-income households.

The June 2021 heat wave in British Columbia was the deadliest disaster in the province's history, resulting in 619 direct heat-related deaths. The report estimates the societal cost of these lives lost at $5.5 billion using the Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) metric. Beyond mortality, the event caused $12 million in healthcare costs, significant agricultural revenue losses (at least $25 million), and disruptions to electricity and transportation infrastructure. Vulnerabilities were exacerbated by a lack of mechanical cooling in homes, inadequate urban greening, and institutional failures in disaster response and communication. The report argues that without adaptation, heat-related hospitalizations could double by 2030 and annual deaths could average 1,370 by 2030. Key recommendations include updating building codes for mechanical cooling, increasing urban forest canopies, improving weather warning lead times to three days, and implementing independent public reviews of disaster responses.

The report argues that current global crises—including climate change, biodiversity loss, and extreme inequality—are symptoms of a systemic failure driven by neoliberal capitalism and corporate power. It proposes five interconnected 'pathways' for systemic change: gender justice, a transition to democratically controlled renewable energy, food sovereignty through agroecology, community forest management, and a redistributive economy that prioritizes people and the planet over profit. The document emphasizes the need to dismantle the patriarchy, challenge corporate impunity through binding international treaties, and support the rights of Indigenous peoples and local communities to manage their territories.

The document argues that current economic systems are failing and that large-scale economic reform requires broad public support, which can be generated through participatory mechanisms. It defines a 'social contract' as an agreement between state and society on rights, responsibilities, and resource distribution, suggesting that a new 'eco-social contract' is needed to prioritize the planet and people over profit. The briefing details various innovative mechanisms for citizen engagement—such as citizen assemblies, participatory budgeting, and just transition processes—and identifies five key tools best suited for driving economic reform. It emphasizes the need to expand these mechanisms to the Global South and frontline communities to restore trust and create a 'social mandate' for a just and sustainable transition.

The report identifies coal-based primary steel production as a critical driver of global greenhouse gas emissions, contributing at least 7% of annual totals. It highlights that the blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) route is heavily dependent on metallurgical coal, with emissions underestimated by excluding coal mine methane. The document warns that 'business as usual' trajectories would consume nearly 23% of the remaining global carbon budget for 1.5°C by 2050. It argues that efficiency gains and carbon capture (CCUS) are insufficient or unviable in the near term. Instead, it advocates for a transition to green hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (DRI) and electric arc furnaces (EAF). The report establishes 'red lines' against relining existing blast furnaces or building new ones, particularly in OECD countries, to avoid locking in high-emission infrastructure for decades.

The report details a 2022 workshop organized by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) and the Belmont Forum to promote transdisciplinary (TD) knowledge co-production. It analyzes three case studies—Jamaican Women in Coffee (JAWiC), NICH-Arctic, and FRACTAL—to identify common challenges such as power imbalances and conflicting priorities between funders and local communities. The document concludes with best practices for TD project implementation, emphasizing the need to center local timeframes and enhance communication, as well as pedagogical recommendations for future 'train the trainers' events.

The report outlines a framework for integrating biodiversity co-benefits into the lifecycle of nature-based solutions (NbS) for climate adaptation. It emphasizes moving beyond simple area-coverage metrics toward indicators of ecosystem functioning and health. The authors advocate for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates Traditional Knowledge, human rights-based frameworks, and inclusive governance to avoid socio-ecological trade-offs. The document provides a step-by-step implementation cycle—from system understanding and risk assessment to monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL)—supported by a list of global standards and technical resources.

The report examines how high-frequency, real-time water quality monitoring can improve watershed management and decision-making, particularly in the Winnipeg River basin. It contrasts the advantages of automated sensors—such as rapid response to contamination and lower long-term cost per measurement—with limitations including sensor drift, maintenance costs, and data management burdens. Through case studies at the Powerview-Pine Falls drinking water facility and Lake 227, the document demonstrates the utility of real-time data for optimizing water treatment and tracking algal bloom dynamics.

The report examines the economic vulnerability of Canada's oil and gas sector due to declining global demand and increasing price volatility. It argues that a 'business-as-usual' approach risks stranded assets and severe socioeconomic disruption. Drawing on case studies from Denmark, Germany, Illinois, and Colorado, the authors propose a 'policy trifecta' of ambitious climate targets, managed energy phase-downs, and proactive economic diversification to ensure an equitable transition.

The report finds that while more countries mention fossil fuel production in their climate plans over time, most references relate to continued or increased production rather than a managed phase-out. Only a small number of countries have set specific targets or policies to wind down production, and many lack detailed plans for economic diversification or just transitions for workers.

The report asserts that the EU cannot reach net zero by 2050 without large-scale deployment of CCUS, estimating a need to capture and store between 300 and 640 Mt of CO2 annually by 2050. It highlights a significant gap between current project announcements and the necessary infrastructure, particularly in CO2 transport and geological storage. The authors recommend that the European Commission establish clear targets, a regulatory framework for CO2 grids, and financial mechanisms like Carbon Contracts for Difference (CCfD) to de-risk investments. The document specifically identifies 'hard-to-abate' sectors—such as cement, steel, and waste-to-energy—as critical areas where CCUS is either the lowest-cost or only viable decarbonisation pathway. It also emphasizes the necessity of technology-based carbon dioxide removals (CDR) via BECCS and DACS to balance residual emissions.

Analysis of 241 U.S. locations shows that 95% have experienced summer warming since 1970, with an average increase of 2.4°F. The West, Southwest, Northwest, and western Texas saw the most heating, with Reno, Nevada, recording the highest increase at 11.1°F. Additionally, 58% of analyzed locations now experience at least two more weeks of above-normal summer days than in 1970. The document highlights that excessive heat is the leading cause of weather-related deaths in the U.S. and disproportionately affects vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, and people of color living in urban heat islands.

The document outlines a comprehensive framework to integrate Gender, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) into the IAI's operations. It defines eight operational goals, ranging from improving hiring and funding processes to increasing the visibility of equity-seeking groups in global environmental change research. The plan includes specific actions such as requiring EDI and mentoring plans for all funded research proposals after 2023, developing evaluation rubrics to mitigate bias, and establishing an Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities Advisory Committee.

Japan has the lowest share of clean electricity among G7 nations, with wind generating less than 1% of its power in 2022. While the 6th Strategic Energy Plan targets 59% clean power by 2030, it only allocates 5.7 GW to offshore wind, representing just 4% of the collective G7 target of 150 GW. Alternative pathways from Berkeley Lab and the Renewable Energy Institute suggest that leveraging Japan's theoretical offshore wind potential of 392 GW could enable the country to reach 80% to 90% decarbonised electricity by 2035.

The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment advocates for the Clean Electricity Regulations to ensure a net-zero electricity grid by 2035, emphasizing the need for interim targets and the removal of exemptions for emitting assets. The statement highlights that Canada's electricity sector was the sixth largest source of domestic greenhouse gas emissions in 2020, particularly in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Nova Scotia. It links the phase-out of coal and gas to significant health benefits, noting that coal causes severe respiratory and neurological issues, while gas plants are associated with adverse birth outcomes and increased hospital admissions for the elderly.

Climate Central's analysis of 242 U.S. locations from 1979 to 2022 shows that 71% of these sites experienced an increase in annual mosquito days, averaging a rise of 16 days. The Southeast and South currently have the highest number of mosquito days, while the Ohio Valley and Northeast saw the largest region-wide increases. The report links these trends to warming spring and fall temperatures and discusses the expanding risk of mosquito-borne diseases, such as West Nile virus and dengue, as suitable habitats shift northward and the season length for transmission increases.