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The 'Declaración de la Cumbre de los pueblos hacia la COP30' is a statement issued by the People's Summit, which gathered over 70,000 representatives of diverse social movements in Belém do Pará, Brazil, from November 12 to 16, 2025. The document identifies the capitalist mode of production and transnational corporations as the primary drivers of the climate crisis and calls for a transition based on popular sovereignty, feminist justice, and the protection of common goods rather than market-based solutions.

Research Fellow Mónica Trujillo argues that forests and biodiversity must become a cornerstone of global climate action, noting that current international climate finance—at only 4% for forests—does not reflect their importance. The author calls for a shift toward measurable goals, binding actions, and a transformation of consumption patterns in high-income countries to support a sustainable bioeconomy.

This report analyzes the integration of methane abatement in sustainable finance taxonomies, focusing on Colombia, the EU, Indonesia, South Africa, and Thailand. It finds that current frameworks suffer from incomplete sectoral coverage, a preference for usability over technical rigor, and a lack of specific performance metrics. To address these gaps, the report provides a benchmark of abatement activities and a comprehensive set of best-practice measures—including specific GHG thresholds and LDAR requirements—to help taxonomy developers mobilize the estimated USD 48 billion annual investment needed for methane mitigation by 2030.

This report, curated by the Forum on Trade, Environment, & the SDGs (TESS), is a compilation of 34 expert views exploring how the international trading system can support the Paris Agreement and climate-resilient development. It identifies critical synergies and tensions at the nexus of trade, climate, and sustainable development, focusing on clean energy transitions, green industrial policies, and the specific vulnerabilities of developing nations.

COP30 in Belém, Brazil, achieved agreements to triple adaptation finance and initiate UNFCCC trade dialogues, while launching the Tropical Forest Forever Facility. However, it failed to formally agree on roadmaps for transitioning away from fossil fuels and halting deforestation, though the Brazilian Presidency initiated these roadmaps independently. The summit was marked by significant side-action, including commitments from 14,000 local governments and $150 billion in utility pledges for grids and storage.

This technical paper, developed for the G20 Environment and Climate Sustainability Working Group, advocates for an integrated approach to climate mitigation and socioeconomic development to support inclusive low-emission pathways.

This research paper examines the intersection of international trade regulations and Africa's ambitions for green technology and industrialisation. It specifically analyzes the potential impacts of the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and US tariffs, arguing that while these measures could theoretically drive demand for renewables, they are more likely to create fiscal constraints and hinder the continent's ability to invest in green R&D. The author advocates for a coordinated African response through the UNFCCC, the WTO, and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) to secure technology transfer and affordable finance.

This research paper analyzes clean cooking policies across G20 countries, arguing that the current reliance on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) subsidies is financially unsustainable, often fails to reach the poorest populations, and contradicts net-zero goals. The authors advocate for redirecting these subsidies toward electric cooking and renewable energy alternatives to achieve universal access by 2030.

This policy brief by RMI outlines five strategic areas for action to decarbonize the ammonia fertilizer supply chain in Brazil, aiming to transition the country from a fertilizer importer to a global leader in sustainable production.

This research paper introduces a project by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) focused on the 'just transition' in South Africa and Brazil. It examines the need to reconcile climate action with economic development, specifically focusing on protecting vulnerable populations and addressing extreme inequality while shifting from fossil fuels to renewable energy.

This research paper examines the role of green technology, specifically solar photovoltaic (PV) and onshore wind energy, in decarbonisation and industrialisation. It argues that market forces alone are insufficient for scaling renewable energy and emphasizes the necessity of targeted industrial policy and government intervention to ensure equitable transitions, particularly in developing economies like South Africa and Brazil.

A briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics detailing how soy-driven deforestation in Brazil's Cerrado biome reduces regional rainfall and agricultural productivity, creating a paradox where individual farmer profits are outweighed by regional economic losses and global supply chain risks.

This report by Ember examines the growth of solar energy in Brazil, China, and India over the decade following the Paris Agreement. It details how the transition of solar leadership from advanced economies to emerging markets was driven by national policies, international financial mechanisms, and industrial scaling, resulting in solar becoming the fastest-growing electricity source globally.

This report by Ember examines the global expansion of solar power in the decade following the 2015 Paris Agreement, focusing on the leadership of emerging economies, specifically Brazil, China, and India. It details how national targets, international finance, and industrial policies accelerated solar adoption, shifting the center of solar generation from OECD nations to emerging markets.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the systemic lack of transparency and consistency in reporting oil accidents across the Americas. It highlights that while the region contains three of the world's largest oil producers and consumers, most nations fail to provide open, updated datasets, hindering risk assessment for future drilling and environmental governance.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics, written with Africa Climate Insights, examines the critical shortfall in climate adaptation finance for Africa and developing nations. It argues that public finance must remain the primary driver of adaptation due to the 'less bankable' nature of adaptation projects compared to mitigation and the high debt distress in African economies.

An open letter released on November 12, 2025, during COP30 in Belém, urging national government delegations to adopt a mandatory decision to uphold information integrity on climate change to counter disinformation campaigns primarily funded by the fossil fuel industry.

This synthesis report discusses the role of South Africa's 2025 G20 presidency in advancing the 'just transition' agenda, building upon a Ministerial Statement from October 2024 that emphasizes structural actions in national economies and the international financial system to scale up climate action.

The NewClimate Institute's 2025 update evaluates the progress of 25 major emitters, representing over 80% of global emissions, toward their climate mitigation targets. The report finds that while total emissions under current policies may peak by 2026, the projected reductions are insufficient to meet the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal, which requires a 43% reduction by 2030 compared to 2019 levels.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro maps 30 international financial mechanisms designed to support tropical forests. It identifies a significant funding gap, noting that current mechanisms mobilize US$ 25.9 billion, which is far below the US$ 66.8 billion annually required by 2030 to unlock the full potential of tropical forests.