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A statement by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) outlining the critical requirements for COP-25 in Madrid to maintain credibility and effectiveness. The authors argue that the conference must move beyond baseline expectations to deliver rights-based climate action, increase national ambition for 2020, and ensure that carbon trading mechanisms do not repeat the failures of the Kyoto Protocol.

The Production Gap report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development and its partners analyzes the discrepancy between planned government fossil fuel production and the levels required to limit global warming to 1.5°C or 2°C, highlighting that current plans are inconsistent with Paris Agreement pledges.

The 2019 Global Landscape of Climate Finance report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes global climate-related primary investment from 2013 to 2018. It finds that while annual climate finance reached record levels, crossing the USD half-trillion mark in 2017 and 2018, current investment levels remain significantly below what is required to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and a 1.5 ˚C scenario.

The Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) responds to President Trump's November 4, 2019, formal notice to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement, highlighting the role of subnational entities and private companies in maintaining climate commitments.

A statement from the World Resources Institute regarding the Trump administration's formal request to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement.

This briefing note by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) argues for the integration of human rights, social safeguards, public participation, and independent grievance mechanisms into the rules and modalities of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. It highlights the risks of environmental and social harm associated with carbon markets and draws on failures of the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism to advocate for a rights-based approach to climate governance.

This briefing note from the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) argues for the integration of procedural rights—specifically access to information, public participation, and access to justice—into climate governance and the implementation of the Paris Agreement. It highlights the roles of the Aarhus Convention and the Escazú Agreement in promoting environmental democracy and provides specific recommendations for the COP-25 agenda to ensure climate policies are inclusive, rights-based, and gender-responsive.

This report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes the growth of China's coal-fired power fleet between 2018 and 2019, contrasting it with a global trend of coal capacity reduction. It examines the impact of a provincial permitting boom (2014–2016), the subsequent failure of central government restrictions to stop construction, and the incompatibility of China's projected coal capacity with IPCC climate targets for limiting global warming to 1.5°C or 2°C.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative proposes a methodological approach and analytical framework for a dashboard designed to measure the speed and nature of private capital shifts toward a zero-carbon, climate-resilient economy, aligning with the Paris Agreement.

A statement from World Resources Institute's Leonardo Martinez-Diaz regarding the Green Climate Fund's first replenishment, which saw 27 countries pledge $9.7 billion.

This research paper introduces a qualitative assessment framework designed to help policy makers analyze their country's progress in decarbonizing the electricity sector. It focuses on the technical and regulatory challenges associated with integrating variable renewable energy sources (vRES), such as wind and solar, and emphasizes that power sector transformation occurs in phases requiring timely planning and country-specific regulatory frameworks.

A briefing outlining the outcomes of the 'Building a Resilient Future' event held on September 22, 2019, which emphasized the need for scaled, proactive resilience building to support the UN Climate Action Summit and protect vulnerable communities.

This briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs discusses the objectives and context of the September 2019 UN Climate Action Summit in New York. It highlights the urgency of the 'climate crisis' as defined by the IPCC and UN Secretary General António Guterres, the role of youth activism, and the need to balance climate change mitigation with adaptation, specifically through Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) in Africa.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute examines the relationship between Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and Long-Term Strategies (LTSs) under the Paris Agreement. It argues that aligning these two planning tools—one focused on short-to-medium term commitments (typically 10-15 years) and the other on mid-century visions (approximately 30 years)—is essential to avoid locking in carbon-intensive infrastructure and to ensure efficient use of government resources.

The 2019 report by the NewClimate Institute analyzes the impact of climate mitigation commitments from cities, regions, and businesses, specifically focusing on ten major emitting economies and 17 international cooperative initiatives (ICIs). It finds that while individual actor commitments provide modest reductions, ICIs offer the most significant potential to close the global emissions gap to 2°C by 2030.

This executive summary highlights a significant gap between projected fossil fuel production for 2030 and the levels required to meet the Paris Agreement goals, warning that current expansion risks locking in infrastructure that makes emission reductions more costly.

This briefing from the Stockholm Environment Institute discusses the 'production gap,' where planned fossil fuel production exceeds the levels consistent with the Paris Agreement's temperature goals, potentially undermining global emission reduction efforts.

A research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute detailing a quantitative public acceptance study on the deployment of wind, solar photovoltaic, and geothermal energy in Kenya.

This research paper examines the existence and strength of global governance regarding climate change adaptation, arguing that while such governance is emerging, its further strengthening is contested due to measurement difficulties and a lack of clear problem-framing.

This working paper analyzes the connections between climate actions in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda, identifying synergies and gaps to improve policy coherence.