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This technical note by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes a new report by Senator Irajá Abreu regarding Provisional Measure (MP) 910/2019, which modifies Law 11.952/2009 on the land regularization of federal public lands. The authors argue that the report maintains harmful rules, reverses previous improvements, and includes unconstitutional legislative additions.

This fact sheet by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes Provisional Measure (MP) 910 of 2019, which proposes changes to the land regularization of federal public lands in Brazil, specifically affecting the Amazon region. The authors argue that the measure risks rewarding illegal land grabbing and deforestation by easing the requirements for obtaining land titles.

This technical note by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and PUC-Rio analyzes Provisional Measure (MP) 910/2019, which modifies Law 11.952/2009 regarding the land regularization of federal public lands in Brazil. The authors argue that the MP rewards criminal activities such as land grabbing (grilagem) and illegal deforestation by expanding the spatial and temporal scopes for regularization and simplifying the process through self-declaration, thereby benefiting large landowners over traditional communities and family farmers.

This statement by Natural Justice provides recommendations for the UN High-Level Political Forum 2020, focusing on systems transformation to protect the planet and build resilience. It advocates for rights-based conservation, decentralized energy systems, and the empowerment of indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) to manage natural resources and hold governments accountable.

The Living Convention Volume I is a comprehensive guide and compendium published by Natural Justice in 2020. It democratizes international law by aggregating disparate legal provisions from human rights instruments and multilateral environmental agreements into a single, accessible resource. The document is specifically designed to empower Indigenous peoples, local communities, and peasants to assert their rights regarding the interrelationships between humans and nature, including land tenure, biodiversity, climate change, and traditional knowledge.

This report by Natural Justice analyzes the Land Value (Amendment) Act, 2019, arguing that it fails to adequately protect community land rights and undermines constitutional protections. The analysis highlights critical gaps in valuation methods, compensation timelines, and the removal of Free Prior Informed Consent (FPIC) requirements for displaced persons.

The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) Endorser Perspectives Report evaluates progress five years after the 2014 launch of the NYDF. Based on consultations with 84 endorsers, the report finds that while many commitments have been made, global deforestation has accelerated by 44% since 2014, and the world is not on track to meet its collective forest goals. The report identifies critical barriers—including weak governance, insufficient finance, and insecure land tenure—and outlines eight key lessons to transition from high-level commitments to measurable implementation.

This report presents the perspectives of signatories of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) five years after its 2014 inception. It evaluates progress toward ten global goals to end natural forest loss by 2030, identifying systemic barriers such as weak governance, insufficient financing, and land tenure insecurity, while highlighting successful multi-stakeholder partnerships and nature-based solutions.

This report by the Forest Declaration Assessment (UNDP) evaluates the progress of signatories of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) five years after its 2014 launch. Based on consultations with 84 signatories—including governments, companies, NGOs, and indigenous organizations—the document identifies critical barriers to ending natural forest loss by 2030 and outlines eight key lessons to accelerate implementation. It emphasizes that while high-level commitments are numerous, measurable action is lagging, with tropical primary forest loss increasing by 44% between 2002-13 and the reporting period.

This briefing, produced by the NYDF Assessment Partners, Chatham House, and Climate Focus, evaluates progress in forest governance across nine tropical forest countries. It examines twelve indicators across five governance areas—legal and institutional frameworks, tenure and resource allocation, demand-side measures, transparency, and the rule of law—to assess how these nations are working toward Goal 10 of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF). While some countries have improved their legal frameworks and transparency through international partnerships, the report highlights systemic weaknesses in the rule of law, a lack of cross-sectoral policy coherence, and persistent challenges in securing land tenure for local communities.

This case study analyzes the forestry value chain in South Africa, Mozambique, and Tanzania to identify opportunities for regional integration and growth. It highlights the structural differences between South Africa's plantation-dominated sector and the natural forest resources of Mozambique and Tanzania, while proposing regional policy initiatives to improve data, skills, and community participation.

This executive summary evaluates progress toward Goal 10 of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), focusing on forest governance, the rule of law, and the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities. It concludes that while some progress has been made in transparency and law enforcement, improvements are too slow to quantifiably reduce deforestation, with significant gaps remaining in land rights and the protection of environmental defenders.

This policy brief evaluates progress toward Goal 10 of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), which focuses on improving forest governance, transparency, and the rule of law while empowering indigenous peoples and local communities. The report concludes that while some progress has been made in transparency and demand-side measures, governance improvements are too slow to effectively reduce deforestation, and violence against land defenders is increasing.

This report summarizes progress toward Goal 10 of the New York Declaration on Forests, which focuses on strengthening forest governance, transparency, and the rule of law, while empowering indigenous peoples and local communities. It details developments in producer and consumer countries regarding illegal timber trade, the rising violence against environmental defenders, and the status of financial resources and data collection for land tenure security.

This report by Friends of the Earth International explores the synergies between Community Forest Management (CFM) and agroecology, arguing that these integrated approaches are more effective for forest conservation and food sovereignty than industrial models or market-based conservation schemes.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the historical evolution, current structure, and systemic challenges of rural property rights in Brazil. It highlights how a legacy of disordered land occupation and a fragmented institutional framework have led to widespread land insecurity, social conflict, and environmental degradation. The document provides a detailed mapping of land categories, evaluates current government regularization programs, and offers policy recommendations to improve governance, law enforcement, and the integration of land registries.

This fact sheet from the World Resources Institute provides key statistics on Indigenous and community land rights, highlighting the gap between the amount of land held by these groups and the amount they legally own, as well as the environmental benefits of secure tenure.

This briefing note by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the impacts of large-scale private agricultural investments on local livelihoods, water resources, land tenure, and gender equality. It argues that while such investments can create employment and market opportunities, ill-designed contracts often lead to environmental degradation, water scarcity, and the marginalization of rural communities, particularly women. The document advocates for an integrated approach to planning, utilizing a 'social tenure model' and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to ensure sustainability and inclusivity.

This report examines the historical and systemic issues of land tenure in rural Brazil, highlighting how irregular property rights, fragmented registration systems, and the lack of a unified cartographic base contribute to social conflict, illegal deforestation, and challenges in implementing the Forest Code.

This chapter examines the state of land tenure and administration in Africa, identifying systemic barriers to agricultural productivity and proposing reforms to secure land rights and improve land market efficiency.