Del Potencial a la Acción: OMEC y Conservación Inclusiva en Perú

The report examines Peru's conservation landscape, identifying a significant reliance on the National System of State Natural Protected Areas (SINANPE) while exploring the potential of OECMs to include indigenous peoples, local communities, and private actors. It identifies critical threats such as illegal mining and deforestation, and highlights a tension between conservation policies and extractivist state actions. The document proposes a roadmap for operationalizing OECMs through improved enabling conditions, tailored incentives, and multi-level collaborative governance.

• Peru has established a substantial network of protected areas, with national administration areas covering 14.4% of the land surface and 7.9% of the marine area as of July 2025, supplemented by Regional Conservation Areas (3% of land) and Private Conservation Areas (0.3% of land).
• Conservation in Peru faces severe conjunctural threats, including deforestation for agriculture and livestock—with 3 million hectares lost in the Amazon between 2001 and 2023—as well as illegal logging and uncontrolled gold mining, particularly in the Madre de Dios river basin.
• Structural threats to conservation include the overlap of land rights between mining concessions, conservation areas, and local territorial rights, alongside state actions that contradict conservation goals, such as Law No. 31973 which promotes deforestation by removing land classification requirements.
• The report identifies ten modalities with high potential to be recognized as OECMs: Conservation Concessions, Ecotourism Concessions, Concessions for Non-Timber Forest Products, Environmental Conservation Areas (ACA), Agrobiodiversity Zones (ZABD), Local Forests, Ramsar Sites, Vicuña Management Declarations (DEMA), Fragile Ecosystems, and Benthic Fishing Regulations (ROP).
• There is a significant gap between national conservation strategies and local realities; while the state focuses on international reporting and formal metrics, local actors often lack the technical and financial capacity to meet these requirements and feel a sense of 'abandonment' by the state.
• Indigenous territories are highlighted as highly effective for conservation, with some studies indicating they are more successful at preventing deforestation and forest degradation than state-managed protected areas.
• Current financial mechanisms for conservation are insufficient and overly dependent on external sources, with a reported funding gap of US$ 460 million for the 2016-2021 period.
• Case studies of the ACA Punta Balcones, ACOMAD concessions, and the Señor de la Cumbre Local Forest reveal that local motivations for conservation are often tied to economic development, such as ecotourism and the protection of water sources for urban consumption.

APA

Isola, S., & Herz, K. (2025). Del Potencial a la Acción: OMEC y Conservación Inclusiva en Perú. WWF International. https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1810/Final_Peru_Country_Report.pdf

Chicago

Isola, Sandra, and Katia Herz. Del Potencial a la Acción: OMEC y Conservación Inclusiva en Perú. WWF International, 2025. https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1810/Final_Peru_Country_Report.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Isola |first1=Sandra |last2=Herz |first2=Katia |title=Del Potencial a la Acción: OMEC y Conservación Inclusiva en Perú |publisher=WWF International |date=December 2025 |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1810/Final_Peru_Country_Report.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{isola2025del, author = {Isola, Sandra and Herz, Katia}, title = {{Del Potencial a la Acción: OMEC y Conservación Inclusiva en Perú}}, institution = {WWF International}, year = {2025}, month = dec, url = {https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1810/Final_Peru_Country_Report.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }