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The South Africa Green Economy Barometer 2018 evaluates the country's transition toward a fair, green economy, awarding it a score of 5 out of 10. While South Africa possesses strong policy foundations, such as the National Development Plan and the 2011 Green Economy Accord, the report finds that the economy remains locked into carbon-intensive 'brown' systems, particularly in energy and mining, and fails to adequately include marginalized populations and the informal sector in its transition.

This report by Good Governance Africa-Nigeria analyzes the systemic failures of Nigeria's power sector and advocates for the expansion of renewable energy and the deregulation of the gas sector to address chronic electricity shortages and economic losses.

This case study examines Australia's approach to creating an enabling environment for direct employment in the mining sector, focusing on the integration of government policy, education initiatives, and the development of the Mining Equipment, Technology and Services (METS) sector to maximize local industry participation.

This case study examines Australia's historical attempts to develop a domestic steel industry through government intervention, protectionism, and downstream beneficiation requirements, ultimately highlighting the challenges of maintaining global competitiveness after protective measures are removed.

This case study examines Botswana's approach to increasing local procurement in the mining industry, focusing on the alignment between demand-side preferential treatment and supply-side supplier development programs.

This case study examines the use of Impact and Benefit Agreements (IBAs) in Canada to protect Indigenous rights and promote local employment, focusing specifically on the Voisey’s Bay nickel mine in Newfoundland and Labrador. It details how the Joint Education and Training Authority (JETA), supported by federal funding, acted as an Indigenous-led intermediary to train local Innu and Inuit peoples for roles at the mine.

This case study examines Kazakhstan's approach to promoting local procurement in the extractives sector through a combination of demand-side preferential treatment, strict reporting requirements, and supply-side industrial development programs.

This case study examines the challenges faced by Nigeria's state-led efforts to develop a downstream oil and gas industry, highlighting how mismanagement and political interference have prevented the country from becoming a net exporter of refined petroleum products.

This case study examines the development of horizontal linkages in South Africa's mining sector, highlighting how specialized expertise gained from overcoming unique geological and technical constraints allowed local suppliers to diversify into other industries and international markets. It notes that these linkages were primarily driven by market forces and private sector innovation rather than government policy, though recent policy uncertainty and skills shortages have challenged the sector's competitiveness.

This case study examines South Africa's use of demand-side and supply-side policy options to promote local procurement in the mining sector, specifically focusing on reducing inequality through the empowerment of historically disadvantaged South Africans.

This case study examines Tanzania's difficulties in establishing horizontal linkages within its mining sector, focusing on the failures of its National System of Innovation (NSI) and the complexities of the Central Development Corridor (CDC) infrastructure project.

This report details a regional training workshop on the management of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) held in Yaoundé, Cameroon, from February 26 to March 1, 2018. Organized by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining (IGF) in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the event gathered over 50 public and private sector officials from 17 French-speaking African countries to implement the 'IGF Guide for Governments: Managing Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining'.

This practical guide, developed by the OECD and the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF), provides guidance for developing countries on limiting excessive interest deductions used by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the mining sector to erode tax bases and shift profits abroad.

This report summarizes an expert meeting co-hosted by IISD and FES in 2018 regarding the integration of investor obligations into trade and investment agreements. It addresses the current asymmetry where investors have strong protections but few obligations. The report proposes model provisions covering compliance with domestic law, anti-corruption, human rights, labour and environmental standards, transparency of contracts, pre-establishment impact assessments, and the prevention of tax base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). It also explores enforcement mechanisms, including state counterclaims in ISDS and civil liability in home-state courts.

This supplementary guidance note provides a framework and a financial modelling tool to help governments estimate the total cost of mining tax incentives, specifically focusing on the 'hidden' costs arising from investor behavioural responses. It details how to calculate direct costs, model behavioural changes such as high-grading and excessive interest deductions, and test these estimates through sensitivity analysis and scenario modelling.

This guide, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in 2018, provides a framework and a financial model developed by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) to estimate the costs of tax incentives in the mining sector. It specifically focuses on calculating both the direct revenue losses and the indirect costs resulting from 'behavioral responses'—actions taken by investors to maximize financial benefits from incentives, which often lead to unforeseen revenue losses for governments.

This report by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) explores how electric utilities can move beyond traditional bill assistance to collaborate with low-and moderate-income (LMI) customers. It identifies new business models leveraging distributed energy resources (DERs) to reduce energy burdens, improve health and environmental outcomes, and create grid value.

The 2018 report by RMI and the Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG) analyzes the commercial minigrid market in Nigeria, identifying it as a high-potential investment opportunity to address the fact that 55% of the population lacks electricity. Through audits of ten commercial projects, the report establishes best practices in site selection, community engagement, and owner-operator business models. It outlines a regulatory environment that is generally supportive but hindered by overlapping mandates and import barriers, and proposes specific interventions across the project development, construction, and operation phases to scale the market toward a potential annual revenue of ₦2.8 trillion (US$8 billion).

The 2018 Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE) report provides a global inventory of policies and regulations supporting Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7), focusing on electricity access, clean cooking, energy efficiency, and renewable energy across 133 economies from 2010 to 2017.

The 2018 Energy Progress Report, a joint publication by five custodian agencies, evaluates global progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7). It concludes that the world is not on track to achieve universal access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy by 2030, as current progress falls short across all four SDG7 targets: electricity access, clean cooking, energy efficiency, and the share of renewable energy.