Search Climate Insights Directory

Senegal's progress toward its NDC commitments is hindered by a severe lack of international climate finance, the absence of a national monitoring (MRV) system, and a strategic shift toward oil and gas exploitation that threatens its low-carbon goals. While the country has successfully implemented large-scale wind and solar projects and is developing green transport (BRT and TER), these are overshadowed by the $10 billion investment in hydrocarbons. The COVID-19 pandemic further delayed key projects and diverted budgetary resources toward immediate socioeconomic resilience.

This research paper evaluates the alignment of Uganda's post-COVID-19 economic recovery strategy with its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It finds that while Uganda has increased its climate ambition in its updated NDC, the actual economic stimulus packages have largely prioritised immediate health and economic rescue over green recovery, leaving climate action underfunded and sidelined in the budget process.

This research paper examines the evolution and implementation of Benin's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) between 2015 and 2021, focusing on the energy, agricultural, forestry, and waste sectors. It analyzes how these climate commitments align with national development priorities and suggests integrating monetary policy with climate goals to enhance sustainability and private sector investment.

This research paper by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) introduces two new indices—the Climate Change and Economic Vulnerability Index (CEVI) and the Climate Change and Economic Resilience Index (CERI)—to provide a quantitative basis for the allocation of climate finance. The author argues that current climate finance, particularly OECD adaptation funding, is misaligned with the actual vulnerability and resilience of recipient countries, often favoring middle-income nations over the most vulnerable low-income economies, particularly in Africa.

This policy brief by the South African Institute of International Affairs outlines Africa's priorities and demands for COP28, emphasizing the need for a fundamental overhaul of the global financial architecture to ensure equitable climate finance, accelerated adaptation funding, and the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund.

This policy note, published by the South African Institute of International Affairs in October 2025, advocates for a shift from incremental to transformational climate adaptation in Africa. It outlines the conceptual differences between these approaches, identifies systemic barriers to implementation across the continent, and provides strategic recommendations for South Africa's G20 presidency to champion scalable, just, and context-specific adaptation frameworks.

This briefing outlines the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) theory of change for its G20-related activities, detailing the pathway from research and capacity-building to the inclusion of African policy inputs in global governance.

Speaking notes from Walid Badawi, Country Director of UNDP in Pretoria, detailing the strategic partnership between the United Nations and the G20 in advancing the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their application within the African context.

This fact sheet by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) outlines various donor-funded financing programs available for renewable energy manufacturing and clean energy innovation, primarily targeting Africa and other developing regions.

The executive summary of 'Energizing Finance: Taking the Pulse 2021' analyzes the financial requirements to achieve universal energy access (SDG7) in Ghana, Mozambique, and Vietnam. It focuses on decentralized solutions, estimating the capital needed for electricity (Tier 1) and clean cooking (Tiers 2-4), while identifying critical affordability gaps and regulatory barriers that hinder private sector investment.

This fact sheet presents findings from a multi-country needs assessment conducted across Bangladesh, Cambodia, Nepal, and Thailand to inform the design of capacity-building programs for inclusive climate finance between 2023 and 2025.

The Inclusive Climate Finance for Vulnerable Communities in the Asia-Pacific (ICCAP) project, funded by the International Climate Initiative (IKI) and implemented from 2024 to 2029, aims to increase climate adaptation finance for vulnerable and marginalised groups in six high-risk Asia-Pacific countries. The project focuses on creating an enabling policy environment, developing the capacity of financial service providers (FSPs), and establishing a regional investment facility to catalyse private capital for climate-resilient solutions.

Pakistan's third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0) outlines a strategy to reduce projected greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2035 and enhance climate resilience. The plan balances an unconditional 17% emission reduction through domestic resources with a conditional 33% reduction dependent on USD 565.7 billion in international climate finance, technology transfer, and capacity building. The document emphasizes a 'whole-of-nation' approach, integrating climate action into national development frameworks like 'URAAN Pakistan' (2024-2029) to address acute vulnerabilities, including glacial melt and devastating floods.

This consultation draft policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines climate hazards affecting the agriculture and water sectors in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). It analyzes the status of National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), identifies critical climate risks such as heatwaves and flooding, and outlines priority adaptation strategies and financing gaps across the region's member states.

This consultation draft report by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the state of Community-Based Adaptation (CBA) and Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRR) in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). It identifies a gap between national-level policy frameworks and local-level implementation, noting that siloed institutional approaches and a lack of standardized tools hinder effective risk reduction. The document advocates for the institutionalization of bottom-up approaches, decentralized climate finance, and the integration of DRR and CCA to better support vulnerable populations, including women, ethnic minorities, and people with disabilities.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute outlines a mitigation scenario for the EU27 to meet its 'fair share' of the global climate challenge. It argues that Europe can achieve a 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 and nearly 90% by 2050 through domestic action, including radical energy efficiency improvements and a shift to renewables, while simultaneously fulfilling international financial obligations to assist developing nations.

This report analyzes whether Sweden provides its 'fair share' of international climate finance. It concludes that a definitive answer is impossible because 'climate finance' and 'fair share' lack globally agreed definitions. While Sweden provides significant funds, most are integrated into its Official Development Assistance (ODA), meaning it provides very little 'new and additional' finance. The report suggests Sweden could lead by improving reporting transparency and defining its own ambitious fair share targets.

This April 2018 briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute, IDDRI, and ODI argues that climate adaptation is currently undervalued in international negotiations because it is viewed as a local problem. The authors advocate for a 'transboundary' framing of climate risk to address the interconnections between people, ecosystems, and economies in a globalised world, suggesting that the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement provide the necessary tools to move toward a coordinated global adaptation response.

This fact sheet provides frequently asked questions (FAQs) regarding the Raising Adaptation Impact and Ambition (RAIA) research grant, which funds economic research on climate change adaptation in Africa. The grant targets national-level research to help integrate economic evidence into national policy, regulatory, and fiscal frameworks.

This conceptual review by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the role of risk and the cost of capital in utility-scale renewable energy investments, with a specific focus on Sub-Saharan Africa. It analyzes how risk mitigation and transfer (RMT) instruments can be used to lower the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) and improve the Net Present Value (NPV) of projects to attract private investment in developing countries.