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The report argues that large corporations and their lobbying groups have systematically co-opted the CBD and the GBF process. It details strategies such as 'revolving doors', privileged access to the CBD Secretariat, and the promotion of ambiguous terms like 'nature positive' and 'nature-based solutions' to replace binding regulations with voluntary reporting and self-certification. The document highlights the role of groups like Business for Nature and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in steering the GBF away from addressing structural drivers of biodiversity loss.

The report argues that large corporations, despite being primary drivers of biodiversity loss, have infiltrated UN processes and the CBD to promote 'green' coalitions and non-binding solutions. It details lobbying tactics such as the use of 'revolving doors', the co-optation of NGOs, and the infiltration of national delegations. The document highlights the contradiction of organizations like the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) representing companies with severe environmental records. It concludes that corporate capture of the CBD prevents the 'transformative change' needed to halt biodiversity loss and recommends strict limits on corporate influence, including banning corporate representatives from national delegations and ending UN partnerships with business associations.

The report details how the Kaunisvaara mine, operated by Northland Resources and later Kaunis Iron, has caused extensive land loss, disrupted reindeer migration and health, and induced psychological stress for the Muonio reindeer herding district. It highlights a significant gap between the 'moderate' impacts predicted during licensing and the actual severe consequences, noting that the district has received no financial compensation since 2012. The study also examines the systemic failure of Swedish legislation to protect Sámi rights, leaving the district marginalized in decision-making and forced into unsuccessful negotiations with mining companies.

The report details the extensive negative impacts of the Boliden mine (operated 1976–1988) and the resulting road on the Vilhelmina Södra reindeer herding district. Key findings include significant land loss, the creation of large disturbance zones that far exceed state estimates, and ongoing disruptions from tourism. The study argues that the mining industry and reindeer herding cannot coexist without significant impact and highlights the failure of the Swedish state to protect Sámi rights or provide adequate compensation.

The document examines the tension between global agricultural trade and environmental sustainability, noting that agri-food systems contributed 31% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2019. It analyzes how current trade distortions, such as high subsidies for emission-intensive commodities like beef and rice, undermine sustainability. The author proposes a framework of trade-related policy tools—including border measures, economic incentives, and regulatory standards—to transition toward sustainable food systems. It specifically evaluates the role of the WTO, suggesting that while existing rules provide some policy space, more coordinated multilateral cooperation through platforms like the Trade and Environmental Sustainability Structured Discussions (TESSD) is necessary to align trade with climate and biodiversity goals.

Earthjustice evaluates COP27 as having 'lackluster outcomes' regarding fossil fuel phase-outs but notes a 'breakthrough agreement' to create a loss and damage fund. The author emphasizes the significance of the Climate Justice Pavilion in fostering connections between youth activists and foundational environmental justice leaders, and notes the positive momentum from U.S. climate legislation and Brazil's recommitment to the Amazon.

The document outlines a framework for operationalizing the environment-health nexus in Asia and the Pacific, supporting a regional application of the 2022 global One Health Joint Plan of Action. It emphasizes the need for integrated decision-making across health, biodiversity, food systems, and climate action to protect human well-being and ecosystems. The text also highlights the increasing involvement of civil society health organizations in global biodiversity governance, specifically noting their participation in the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference (COP 15) to prioritize environmental determinants of health.

The document argues that biogas and biomethane should primarily be reserved for hard-to-abate sectors like petrochemical production and industrial heating, as electrification via renewable energy is more cost-effective for power and heat. It highlights that biogas only addresses a minority of agricultural emissions (at most 28.9%) and warns that scaling production to meet targets, such as the EU's 35 bcm goal by 2030, could threaten food security by requiring significant arable land. Additionally, the briefing notes risks from fugitive methane emissions, high reliance on public subsidies, and safety hazards including explosions and toxicity.

ClientEarth recommends that the new EU Framework for Forest Monitoring and Strategic Plans explicitly guarantee Aarhus Convention rights, establish a common EU-wide remote sensing data platform, and align with the Nature Restoration Law and Deforestation Regulation to improve forest governance and enforcement.

The policy brief argues that the failure of the Aichi targets was partly due to fragile transparency and accountability processes. To avoid this with the post-2020 global biodiversity framework (GBF), the authors propose an "Enhanced Implementation Cycle" consisting of five interconnected stages: national planning, implementation, monitoring and reporting, review, and stepping up ambition. Key recommendations include the adoption of standardized templates for National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans (NBSAPs), the creation of National Biodiversity Finance Plans (NBFPs), and the introduction of mandatory technical expert reviews of national reports to provide tailored advice to Parties. The brief emphasizes the need for a "global biodiversity stocktake" to identify implementation gaps and a "ratcheting up" process to ensure that subsequent national targets and COP decisions are progressively more ambitious.

The 2022 Green Central Banking Scorecard evaluates G20 monetary and prudential authorities, finding that most remain insufficiently ambitious in mitigating climate risks. While research and advocacy have improved, the report argues that central banks prioritize analysis over action and are hindered by a commitment to 'market neutrality' and flawed taxonomies. The Banque de France is the top-ranked institution, while Saudi Arabia is the lowest. The report recommends implementing green lending schemes, increasing capital requirements for fossil fuel exposures, and adopting a 'double materiality' framework to account for the financial sector's impact on the environment.

The report argues that transitioning away from industrial meat production is essential for climate and health goals but requires a 'just transition' framework to protect vulnerable stakeholders. It identifies five key stakeholder groups—consumers, farmers, workers, communities, and companies—and outlines five guiding principles for policy-makers: phasing down industrial meat support, increasing support for sustainable alternatives, ensuring inclusive planning, providing offset support for adverse impacts, and addressing root causes of injustice.

The Amazon biome is facing a critical situation due to deforestation, degradation, and climate change, which threaten its role in global climate regulation and its immense biodiversity. Key drivers include cattle ranching, mechanized agriculture, illegal logging, and unsustainable infrastructure projects like dams. The report emphasizes the vital role of indigenous territories and protected areas in maintaining resilience and proposes an integrated landscape management approach, the protection of free-flowing rivers, and the transition to a sustainable bioeconomy to avoid an ecological tipping point.

The Upper Rio Grande Basin is in moderate condition with an overall score of 54% (C), facing severe threats from climate change, drought, and population pressure. While municipal water supplies remain strong, annual low flows are critically low, and the river's natural hydrology is heavily altered, particularly in southern New Mexico and Texas. Scenario modeling indicates that rising temperatures and declining precipitation will further reduce water availability for agriculture and ecological flows by 2050. Proposed mitigation strategies include reducing irrigation losses, fallowing agricultural land, and reducing municipal water demand to restore environmental flows.

The document argues that the PMRA's 2017 glyphosate re-evaluation is outdated and flawed, relying heavily on industry-funded studies and US EPA analysis that has since been criticized by US courts. The authors present new evidence linking glyphosate to microbiome disruption, various cancers (including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), neurodegenerative disorders, and reproductive toxicity. They also highlight environmental risks to pollinators, freshwater ecosystems, and the contribution of phosphorus loading in agricultural landscapes. The coalition demands that the PMRA apply a 'reasonable certainty that no harm will occur' standard before granting any renewals.

The document argues that integrating National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans (NBSAPs) reduces duplication and optimizes limited resources. It highlights that biodiversity protection increases ecosystem resilience, aiding human adaptation to climate change, and cites Eswatini, Fiji, Peru, and Rwanda as examples of countries that have successfully linked these strategies to enhance social and ecosystem resilience.

The author contends that reducing food loss and waste is a non-contentious solution to climate change and biodiversity loss, yet it remains under-adopted by governments. While some countries have set targets aligned with SDG 12.3, only 38 nations have included food loss and waste in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). The text highlights that agriculture drives 70% of terrestrial biodiversity loss and 30% of greenhouse gas emissions, with rotting food in landfills serving as the third largest cause of methane emissions.

The 2022 Forest Declaration Assessment finds that no global indicator is currently on track to meet the 2030 targets for stopping forest loss and restoring 350 million hectares of ecosystems. While Tropical Asia is the only region on track to stop deforestation by 2030, global forest loss still exceeds gains, resulting in a net loss of 100 million hectares. The report highlights critical gaps in sustainable production, where commodity-driven tree cover loss decreased by only 6% in 2021, and in finance, where current annual funding of $2.3 billion is less than 1% of the estimated $460 billion needed. Governance remains a significant hurdle, with at least 50% of lands held by Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) lacking legal recognition. The document calls for a shift from voluntary corporate actions to mandatory regulations, a 200-fold increase in forest funding, and the strengthening of land tenure rights for IPLCs.

The 2022 Forest Declaration Assessment finds that the world is not on track to meet its 2030 forest goals. While some regional progress exists, global deforestation rates decreased only modestly in 2021, and financial investments for forest protection remain less than 1% of the required annual amount. The report highlights a critical gap between ambitious government pledges and actual policy implementation, noting that voluntary corporate commitments have failed to significantly alter the trajectory of forest loss. It emphasizes the vital but underfunded role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in forest stewardship and calls for a radical transformation in economic flows, governance, and legal mandates to avoid catastrophic climate and biodiversity loss.

The 2022 Forest Declaration Assessment finds that the world is not on track to meet its 2030 forest goals. While some progress is noted in Tropical Asia, global forest loss remains high, and funding is critically insufficient, reaching less than 1% of the estimated annual requirement. The report emphasizes that voluntary corporate and government commitments have failed to shift the trajectory significantly, calling for mandatory regulations, increased direct funding for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs), and stronger governance to prevent further degradation.