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This guide from the World Resources Institute explains the importance and methodologies of estimating the costs of implementing Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It outlines how costing helps governments identify financing gaps, select financial instruments, and integrate climate commitments into national fiscal policies, while highlighting the challenges of data gaps and uncertainty.

The document describes a guide published by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to assist practitioners in structuring and strengthening their countries' enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

This fact sheet from the World Resources Institute outlines seven enabling principles for achieving water security and climate-resilient development, based on the IPCC Working Group II 2022 report, and introduces the Adaptation Action Coalition (AAC).

This working paper, produced by the Agreement on Climate Transformation 2015 (ACT 2015) consortium, proposes a framework for the 2015 Paris Agreement. It suggests a structure based on two long-term goals, three continuous improvement cycles (mitigation, adaptation, and support), and a foundation of transparency and accountability to drive a global transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy.

This case study by the World Resources Institute examines how Chile can integrate the non-carbon biophysical effects of forests—such as albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—into its national climate policies. The document argues that while Chile has ambitious climate goals, its current frameworks primarily focus on carbon, overlooking the significant local cooling and rainfall regulation provided by forests. It suggests specific improvements for Chile's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), Long-Term Climate Strategy, and REDD+ programs to better account for these biophysical benefits.

This case study by the World Resources Institute examines how Chile can integrate the non-carbon biophysical effects of forests into its national climate policies. It argues that while carbon sequestration is the primary focus of climate strategies, biophysical processes—such as albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—significantly influence local and global temperatures and precipitation. The document analyzes Chile's forest loss, the resulting local temperature increases, and provides specific recommendations for enhancing the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), the Long-Term Climate Strategy, and REDD+ frameworks to account for these effects.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute explains the purpose and components of the Paris Rulebook, which provides the operational guidelines for implementing the Paris Agreement on climate change. It details the mechanisms for national climate planning, transparency in reporting, and the processes for reviewing individual and collective progress to ensure global climate goals are met.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute explains the purpose and function of the 'Paris Rulebook,' the implementation guidelines for the Paris Agreement on climate change. It details how the Rulebook transforms the high-level goals of the Agreement into a functional system for national planning, implementation, and international review, with a focus on the negotiations taking place at COP24 in Katowice, Poland.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute (WRI) argues that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) must account for the non-carbon biophysical effects of forests to effectively address climate stability. The authors explain how forests influence temperature and rainfall through albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols, noting that tropical deforestation contributes significantly more to global warming than carbon-only metrics suggest. The document proposes six specific pathways for UNFCCC Parties to integrate these biophysical impacts into national reporting, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), REDD+ finance, adaptation planning, the Global Stocktake, and the IPCC's 7th Assessment Report cycle.

This briefing by the World Resources Institute (WRI) explains how forests influence climate stability through non-carbon biophysical processes and argues that the UNFCCC should integrate these effects into its policies. The document details four primary biophysical processes—albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—and proposes six specific pathways for UNFCCC parties to account for these effects in national reports, NDCs, REDD+ financing, adaptation planning, the Global Stocktake, and IPCC assessment reports.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute evaluates the Green Climate Fund's (GCF) 'direct access' modality, which allows institutions in developing countries to receive funding without international intermediaries. While 62 developing country institutions were accredited as of November 2020, 67 percent of them had not yet received project approval. The paper analyzes four support mechanisms—the Readiness Programme, Project Preparation Facility, Simplified Approval Process, and Enhancing Direct Access pilot—finding that high administrative burdens, funding gaps for concept notes, and rigid eligibility criteria hinder smaller institutions from accessing climate finance.

The Joint Benefits Authority (JBA) is a collaborative tool designed for city agencies and local communities to jointly finance and deliver resilient, transformative infrastructure. By shifting away from a 'business-as-usual' approach where agencies work in silos, the JBA integrates capital planning and funding to scale natural infrastructure, enhance climate resilience, and advance social equity through direct community leadership in project implementation.

This World Resources Institute working paper reports on three workshops held in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to identify challenges developing countries face in monitoring and tracking climate finance. It details nine primary technical, political, and capacity barriers, ranging from inconsistent definitions and lack of institutional coordination to the limited transparency of development partners and the difficulty of tracking private financial data.

This research paper by Roger Street of the UK Climate Impacts Programme examines the requirements for climate information to be useful in adaptation decision-making. The author argues that information must be 'decision-relevant,' meaning it is tailored to the specific spatial and temporal scales of the decision process and the needs of the user community. The paper emphasizes that providing more data is not always beneficial and that a joint responsibility between information providers and users, fostered through sustained engagement, is necessary to bridge the gap between scientific data and practical policy implementation.

This case study examines the integration of climate change adaptation into China's Comprehensive Agricultural Development (CAD) program, specifically through the World Bank-financed Irrigated Agriculture Intensification Loan III Project (IAIL3) and a subsequent Global Environmental Facility (GEF) grant. Focused on the 3H Plain, the initiative aimed to address water scarcity and agricultural vulnerability by implementing drought-resistant crop varieties, water-harvesting infrastructure, and capacity-building for farmers, including rural women.

A statement by WWF South Africa arguing that the country must urgently accelerate climate mitigation and adaptation efforts due to increasing extreme weather events and high per-capita emissions.

A training manual by WWF South Africa for rural livestock farmers to understand climate change and implement adaptation strategies across water, feed, animal health, and herd management.