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This briefing outlines how large energy buyers can accelerate the transition to a 100% carbon-free electric grid by 2050 through transformative procurement practices, such as matching clean energy purchases with usage timing, incorporating demand flexibility, and adopting energy storage.

The World Resources Institute proposes a global transport sector target for 2035: a 35% shift to green fuels and a 25% reduction in energy consumption compared to 2022. This goal aims to provide a shared framework for countries to inform their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) following the COP28 global stocktake.

The WRI/WBCSD guide 'Sustainable Procurement of Wood and Paper-Based Products: Version 2' is a decision-support tool helping customers develop sustainable procurement policies. It provides 47 resources and organizes its guidance around ten essential questions covering legality, sustainability, climate change, and the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities.

A World Resources Institute working paper surveying academic and policy proposals to build a post-2012 international climate change regime, focusing on five key design issues including ambition, mitigation sharing, performance tracking, and legal form.

This guide explains how U.S. cities and electric utilities can use partnership agreements to align their climate and energy goals, providing a framework for long-term collaboration and implementation tips based on the experiences of several U.S. cities.

This paper explores the difficulties of delivering adaptation finance to the most vulnerable people and introduces a framework to assess delivery. It highlights that while international climate finance to developing countries increased between 2008 and 2012 to meet UNFCCC commitments, and developing governments have increased their own spending, questions remain regarding how this money is used and if it reaches the local level. The Adaptation Finance Accountability Initiative (AFAI) addresses these questions by analyzing finance flows in Nepal, the Philippines, Uganda, and Zambia.

This research paper proposes a roadmap for scaling Trees Outside Forests (ToF) in India, noting that 80 million hectares could sequester 3.4 Gt CO2e by 2040. By analyzing policy incentives in Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, and Telangana, the paper recommends landscape-level restoration plans, support for traditional ToF research, and targeted interventions for women and marginalized groups.

The Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems (PAGE) reports that nearly 30% of global coastal land area has been altered or destroyed by human demand. Increasing coastal populations, rising nutrient pollution, overfishing, and the effects of global climate change—including rising sea levels and warmer oceans—threaten the capacity of these ecosystems to provide essential services such as food, biodiversity, and shoreline stabilization.

This working paper examines the international governance of technological carbon removal, focusing on three main challenges: mitigation deterrence, equity in deployment and benefits, and the lack of standardized measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) processes. It notes that while 26 of 62 LTSs submitted to the UNFCCC as of May 2023 consider technological CDR, there is little guidance on how to scale these technologies equitably and sustainably to meet the 1.5 degrees C goal of the Paris Agreement.

This briefing note explores the impact of climate change on U.S. agriculture and the role of the agricultural sector in climate policy, arguing that producers must actively participate in policy dialogues to ensure future legislation serves their best interests.

This World Resources Institute expert note argues that COVID-19 economic recovery stimulus packages provide a critical opportunity for countries to align their recovery with ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in the power sector. Noting that power generation accounted for 41% of energy-related CO2 emissions in 2019 (with coal contributing over 70%), the note emphasizes the need for a 4% annual reduction in power sector emissions to meet 2030 targets and suggests investing in climate-resilient infrastructure to prevent an emissions rebound following pandemic lockdowns.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute and OECD proposes a 4-stage framework to improve the estimation of private climate finance mobilized by public interventions. It addresses the technical complexity of quantifying these linkages, particularly for UNFCCC reporting by developed countries for activities in developing countries, and recommends both short-term transparency measures and long-term standardization of data systems and definitions.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute provides a summary of country submissions made to the UNFCCC's Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) between April 2010 and November 2010.

The briefing argues that the US requires energy storage lasting days or weeks to achieve deep decarbonization, as current technologies only provide hours of capacity. It suggests that while pumped hydro and compressed air could be extended to days, less mature technologies like hydrogen are needed for seasonal storage. The document calls for policymakers to support innovation and new financing and procurement models to enable the adoption of long-duration storage.

The World Resources Institute presents a random forest model that captures 86% of future conflicts (defined as 10+ fatalities per year), though with a 50% false positive rate. While water-related variables correlate with conflict, they are not empirically significant for model decisions unless the conflict definition is modified. A web-based tool is provided to visualize these forecasts and vulnerabilities.

This working paper identifies components of smart renewable energy policy for developing countries, which are expected to provide 80% of new global electric generation capacity over the next two decades. It argues that to meet the IEA's '450 scenario', non-OECD nations must increase renewable electricity generation to 46% by 2035. The authors advocate for international donors to move from project-based support to systemic environment-building and define 'smart' policy as cost-effective, transparent, and investment-friendly.

Degraded lands account for over 20% of forest and agricultural lands in Latin America and the Caribbean, with 300 million hectares of degraded forests and 350 million hectares of deforested land. Landscape restoration is proposed to address pressures from the growing agriculture and forestry sectors and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

A WRI and PS Kenya case study on a pilot project for health-care providers in Kenya finds that successful demand-based energy access requires thorough exploration of user needs in technology, finance, and capacity building.

This research paper examines how to attract private investment into Brazil's public transport sector by reducing perceived risks and aligning performance incentives, using case studies from São Paulo and Belo Horizonte.