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The MMSD North America project, implemented by the International Institute for Sustainable Development and the University of Nevada, developed a framework to transition the mining and minerals industry toward sustainability. The project produced several reports, including a set of 10 recommendations covering legacy issues, practical conditions, and long-term capacity building. It also introduced a 'Seven Questions' framework to assess the overall contribution of mining activities to long-term sustainable development.

The report identifies a significant gap between the environmental focus of the Sarhad Province Conservation Strategy (SPCS) and the immediate social priorities of local stakeholders, such as poverty and food security. It highlights critical deficiencies in data collection, noting a lack of systematic monitoring for water and air quality and the absence of provincial macroeconomic data. The author argues that the current centralized data system is inadequate for sustainable development monitoring and recommends a phased, decentralized approach using simple, action-oriented indicators to guide implementation.

The document details a 1994 scenario where the U.S. pulp and paper industry faced pressure to eliminate chlorine bleaching due to the production of dioxins and other organochlorines. It contrasts the positions of the EPA, which proposed the 'cluster rule' to integrate air and water regulations, Greenpeace, which advocated for totally chlorine-free (TCF) processes, and industry players who argued that elemental chlorine-free (ECF) substitution was a more economically viable solution. The text explores the technical differences between ECF and TCF, the estimated costs of compliance—ranging from $4 billion (EPA) to $10 billion (industry)—and the potential for a voluntary 'covenant' to guide the industry's environmental future.

The document describes a stakeholder negotiation exercise regarding Conoco, Inc.'s proposal to develop Block 16 in the Ecuadorian Amazon. It details the environmental and social risks associated with oil extraction in the region, including deforestation, colonization, and threats to the Waorani people. The text outlines Conoco's proposed environmental management plan, which includes diagonal drilling and waste reinjection, and provides a financial analysis of the project's profitability against its environmental costs. It further contextualizes the conflict within Ecuador's broader economic dependence on oil and the biological importance of Yasuni National Park.

The document provides a stakeholder analysis of the Karpowership project in South Africa, which involves the deployment of floating gas ships to provide 1,220 MW of emergency power. It details the corporate structure of Karpowership SA, a joint venture between the Turkish conglomerate Karadeniz Holding and Powergroup South Africa. The analysis identifies key suppliers, including Shell plc for LNG delivery and Mitsui OSK Lines for regasification services, and lists a syndicate of four banks that provided a US$ 140 million loan to Karpowership in March 2020.

The Climate Change Act establishes a regulatory framework for decarbonisation in South Africa's extractives sector, mandating sector-specific emissions targets, carbon budgets, and reporting. While the mining industry is vital to the economy, it is a major GHG contributor, with 85% of emissions linked to the coal value chain. The report highlights challenges such as enforcement gaps, resource limitations for monitoring, and the high capital cost of transitioning. It emphasizes that compliance is a strategic necessity for maintaining export market access, particularly regarding EU CBAM requirements. The Green Transport Strategy (2017-2050) is identified as a key tool for reducing logistics emissions by shifting from road to rail. A case study of Anglo American illustrates effective adaptation through green hydrogen trucks and internal carbon pricing. Successful implementation requires collaboration between government, mining companies, investors, and civil society to ensure a just transition.

The report examines the 'New Copperbelt' in Zambia's Northwestern Province, highlighting a significant gap between the country's strong formal mining laws and their practical implementation. While large-scale investments from companies like First Quantum Minerals and Barrick Gold drive economic growth, they have also caused heavy metal contamination in rivers and exacerbated social inequalities. The document finds that community engagement often lacks meaningful consent, and the benefits of mining are unevenly distributed, with women and girls facing disproportionate burdens including increased unpaid labour and gender-based violence.

The GovernAgua project analyzed six river basins in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay to identify how to improve water governance in the face of complex crises. Findings indicate that while water crises often lead to improved biophysical monitoring, responses remain predominantly reactive. The project advocates for a shift toward anticipatory governance, interdisciplinary practices, and stronger science-policy-society dialogue to address the fragmented management between environmental protection and agricultural productivity.

The project investigated the Paraná river downstream of the Porto Primavera dam in Brazil to understand how flow dynamics affect large wetlands and floodplains. Using the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) method, researchers found that fish migration and reproduction are strongly influenced by the duration, starting date, peak, and frequency of flood events. The study also identified that professional fishing, tourism, and recreation depend on these ecosystems, though these activities often face conflicts of interest. To address these issues, the team developed a mathematical model using Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) to simulate the performance of 53 hydropower plants on the river, aiming to create operating policies that optimize both energy production and ecosystem recovery.

The report examines land governance in the Ekurhuleni Municipality, highlighting the complexities of managing land across multiple government spheres and the persistent challenge of informal settlements. It details the roles of municipal departments, the impact of dolomitic land on development, and the influence of civil society organisations in mediating between the state and the urban poor. The document also outlines strategies for land acquisition, the Rapid Land Release Programme, and the use of reblocking to manage informal dwellings.

Thailand is promoting a bioeconomy to escape the middle-income trap and reduce social inequality, focusing heavily on the industrial processing of sugarcane and cassava into high-value products and biofuels. While integrated into national strategies like Thailand 4.0 and the 20-year National Strategy, the transition faces significant hurdles, including land and water scarcity, low wages for sugarcane workers, and environmental pollution from field burning.

The paper examines how 29 Clean Cities and Communities (CC&C) coalitions, overseen by the US Department of Energy, facilitate the adoption of electric school buses (ESBs) in the US. While coalitions generally support ESBs for health and environmental reasons, their effectiveness is limited by capacity constraints, infrastructure gaps, and political tensions regarding alternative fuels like propane and compressed natural gas.

The Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) for the 'Improving Stewardship and Sustainable Livelihoods' project in Belize outlines a strategy to involve coastal communities, fisher associations, and government entities in climate adaptation. The project aims to benefit approximately 10,646 people, including 3,434 artisanal fishers, by strengthening the adaptive capacity of fisher associations, promoting climate-smart livelihoods, and improving knowledge management. The plan emphasizes gender-responsive approaches to ensure the participation of women and youth, and it establishes a multi-tiered grievance redress mechanism involving the project level, WWF US, and the GEF. Implementation is coordinated through a Project Management Unit (PMU) within a Conservation Trust Fund and aligns with the broader 'Resilient Bold Belize' Project Finance for Permanence initiative.