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The Brazilian cattle sector accounts for 71% of the country's methane emissions, facing significant financial and biophysical risks from shifting global beef demand and climate instability. The report identifies diversification away from cattle—into non-ruminant meats, plant-based proteins, alternative proteins, and reforestation—as the most effective long-term mitigation strategy, potentially avoiding up to 166.7 Mt CO2e per year. Short-term opportunities include sustainable intensification through silvopasture and improved forage, which can reduce enteric methane by 6-25%. While feed additives and genetic breeding offer targeted reductions, their national impact is limited by scalability or delayed payoffs. The report recommends that investors integrate methane metrics into ESG frameworks and support a dual-track transition of short-term optimisation and long-term diversification.

The project aims to reduce GHG emissions in Brazil's municipal solid waste (MSW) sector by supporting up to 30 municipalities or consortia in implementing low-emission treatment infrastructure. With a total indicative cost of USD 50 million (USD 15 million requested from the GCF), the initiative focuses on biogas recovery, anaerobic digestion, and the formalization of waste pickers. It seeks to transition from uncontrolled landfills to sustainable systems, targeting a mitigation impact of 45,352,640 tCO2e over a 15-year lifespan. The project will provide technical assistance for public-private partnerships (PPPs), develop legal roadmaps, and implement awareness campaigns to promote a circular economy.

The report identifies three priority manure management measures for Georgia's cattle sector: using covers for storage, composting, and using manure as fertiliser. Together, these could reduce emissions by 300–320 GgCO2e, representing nearly 10% of the sector's emissions, which significantly exceeds the ~1% reduction estimated for the sector under CSAP measures by 2030. Other global options were deemed less relevant in the short term due to the prevalence of small-scale farming and 'unmanaged' manure left on pasture.

The report examines the greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of beef production, highlighting that emissions vary drastically by region and production system, ranging from 16 to 360 kg CO2e/kg edible meat. It identifies enteric fermentation, feed production, and land-use change as the primary emission drivers, while noting that well-managed grazing lands can act as carbon sinks. The document outlines mitigation strategies including improved feed digestibility, rotational grazing, and feed additives, estimating a total global mitigation potential between 0.67 and 2.55 GtCO2e/yr.

The Sustainable Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) Coffee of Honduras programme seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the resilience of 4,000 small coffee producers and 80 coffee mills. With a total indicative cost of USD 39,623,400, the initiative focuses on introducing agroforestry systems, improving fertilizer use, and implementing solar technologies for coffee drying. The programme proposes a dual financial mechanism consisting of a non-reimbursable Coffee Fund and a reimbursable Coffee Credit Line, managed by the Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI). Key goals include a mitigation impact of 320 GgCO2e by 2023 and the establishment of a Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system to track emissions reductions.

The Kigali First Movers (KFM) project seeks to shift the air conditioning (AC) market in Costa Rica, Indonesia, and Ghana away from high-global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants and energy-inefficient models toward 'green AC' (defined as having GWP < 10 and utilizing best available technology for energy efficiency). The project is structured in two tranches: Tranche 1 focuses on Costa Rica (2020-2026), and Tranche 2 covers Indonesia and Ghana (2022-2028), supported by a global component. It targets a total mitigation impact of 37 MtCO2eq over its 20-year lifespan (2020-2040), with the bulk of reductions expected in Indonesia. The project addresses five main barrier categories: policy and regulatory frameworks, consumer behavior, technical capacity, technology availability, and finance. Key interventions include updating Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS), training and certifying RAC technicians, implementing green public procurement, and providing financial mechanisms such as on-bill financing and installation subsidies. The total indicative cost is USD 133.4 million, with USD 43.7 million requested as GCF grants and USD 85.7 million in co-finance.

The analysis indicates that farming practice changes alone are insufficient to limit global warming to 1.5°C. Achieving deep emission cuts aligned with the Paris Agreement's net-zero goal requires a holistic approach that integrates supply-side efficiency and innovation with demand-side changes, specifically altering diets and reducing food waste to address non-CO2 emissions while ensuring global food security.

The project developed a 2012 base year emissions inventory and projections to 2030 for Pakistan, identifying that emissions are expected to grow significantly without additional intervention. It analyzed mitigation options across agriculture, forestry, energy, industry, transport, and waste, concluding that implementing these measures could reduce emissions by over 100 megatonnes. A sensitivity analysis highlighted that GDP growth is a primary driver of future emissions, with higher growth rates leading to substantially higher GHG levels.

The document analyzes the charcoal value chain in Kenya, highlighting the tension between high biomass energy demand and forest loss. It evaluates the role of Charcoal Producer Associations (CPAs) and the potential for improved kiln and stove technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The brief advocates for a coordinated policy approach, including the implementation of a Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMA), to transition the sector from an informal, inefficient state to a regulated, sustainable industry that contributes to Kenya's Paris Agreement commitments.

The document analyzes energy demand and GHG emissions in Pakistan's residential, commercial, and agriculture (RCA) sectors, which accounted for roughly 9 per cent of national emissions in 2012. It identifies 12 mitigation options, prioritizing nine based on abatement potential and cost-effectiveness. Key measures include replacing inefficient lighting, stoves, and cooling appliances, as well as improving irrigation pumps. The report projects that without intervention, RCA sector emissions will grow from 29 MtCO2e in 2012 to 61 MtCO2e by 2030. The most significant abatement potential in 2030 is attributed to efficient stoves (12.86 MtCO2e) and efficient lighting (2.19 MtCO2e).

The document outlines Pakistan's energy sector challenges, projecting a 97% increase in grid electricity GHG emissions between 2012 and 2030 under a business-as-usual scenario. It identifies eight priority mitigation measures—including large-scale hydel, wind, solar, biomass, and the reduction of transmission and distribution (T&D) losses—which collectively could reduce 2030 emissions by 41.01% relative to the baseline.

The document outlines the current state of Pakistan's industrial emissions, which are projected to rise by 230% by 2030, and proposes specific technical mitigation measures across several sub-sectors to reduce these emissions.

The transport sector in Pakistan is projected to see a 128% increase in greenhouse gas emissions between 2012 and 2030, rising from 35.4 MtCO2e to 80.7 MtCO2e. The document identifies several mitigation strategies, prioritizing efficiency norms for passenger vehicles, road-to-rail transfers, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems, and improved car maintenance. Efficiency norms for passenger cars, taxis, and vans are identified as the highest priority, with a potential reduction of 7.45 MtCO2e by 2030. Shifting freight and passengers from road to rail is another key strategy, though rail's share of freight has dropped to under 1%, with a national target of 20%. The expansion of BRT systems in cities like Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi-Islamabad, and Multan is also highlighted as a means to improve urban mobility and reduce emissions.

The waste sector accounts for less than 2% of Pakistan's greenhouse gas emissions, but these are projected to grow from approximately 10 MtCO2e in 2012 to over 20 MtCO2e by 2030. The document identifies composting and landfill gas utilization as priority mitigation options, both of which are already being piloted in Lahore. Implementing these facilities in Karachi, Faisalabad, and Rawalpindi could reduce emissions by 0.90 MtCO2e and 0.88 MtCO2e respectively by 2030, while providing co-benefits such as improved soil quality, public health, and local energy production.

Climate TRACE estimates that anthropogenic methane emissions in 2025 were just over 410 million tonnes, with agriculture, fossil energy, and waste accounting for 97% of the total. The report argues that slashing methane is the most impactful way to keep global warming under 2 degrees Celsius due to the gas's powerful near-term warming effect. It identifies specific actionable opportunities: reducing methane intensity in oil and gas production (particularly in the US and Mexico), capturing coal mine methane, targeting a small number of high-emitting landfills, and addressing enteric fermentation and rice cultivation in agriculture.