Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Industry Sector

The document outlines the current state of Pakistan's industrial emissions, which are projected to rise by 230% by 2030, and proposes specific technical mitigation measures across several sub-sectors to reduce these emissions.

• Industrial GHG emissions in Pakistan are projected to increase from approximately 59 MtCO2e in 2012 to approximately 196 MtCO2e by 2030, representing a 230 per cent rise.
• The implementation of priority mitigation measures across the industry sector could result in total GHG emission reductions of 28.4 MtCO2e by 2030, which is 14% of the Business-As-Usual (BAU) levels.
• The cement industry is the largest industrial fuel user in Pakistan and relies on coal for more than 90 per cent of its energy consumption. Shifting from single-stage to multi-stage dry kilns and introducing Best Available Technology (BAT) standards could reduce coal consumption and emissions by 44% by 2030.
• The brick manufacturing sector predominantly uses outdated bull-trench kilns. Converting these to modified bull-trench and zig-zag kilns, and subsequently upgrading them to BAT levels, could lead to 35 per cent energy savings by 2030.
• The textile industry, which contributes about 10% of GDP and employs 30% of the national workforce, has a potential for energy efficiency improvements of up to 22 per cent of its total baseline natural gas consumption by 2030 through measures like improved boiler maintenance and process control.
• In the iron and steel sector, natural gas meets 92 per cent of fossil fuel demand. Mitigation options include improving the re-rolling process in the private sector to reduce fuel consumption by 10% and upgrading public plants to BAT standards to reduce natural gas use by 15% by 2020.
• The fertiliser industry relies heavily on natural gas for fuel and ammonia feedstock. Transitioning to high-efficiency steam reforming and Haber-Bosch synthesis processes could reduce gas demand by 25 per cent by 2030.
• The pulp and paper industry's energy use is 94 per cent natural gas, with the pulping step being the most energy-intensive. Thermal energy efficiency improvements are estimated to reduce natural gas demand by a maximum of 7 per cent.

APA

Climate and Development Knowledge Network (n.d.). Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Industry Sector. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Industry-sector.pdf

Chicago

Climate and Development Knowledge Network. Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Industry Sector. n.d. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Industry-sector.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |title=Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Industry Sector |url=https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Industry-sector.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{climateanddevelopmentknowledgenetworkndgreenhouse, author = {{Climate and Development Knowledge Network}}, title = {{Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Industry Sector}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, url = {https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Industry-sector.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }