Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Waste Sector

This factsheet summarizes greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation options for the waste sector in Pakistan, focusing on composting and landfill gas utilization to reduce emissions projected to double by 2030.

• The waste sector contributes less than 2 per cent of Pakistan's total greenhouse gas emissions, but these emissions are projected to more than double from approximately 10 MtCO2e in 2012 to over 20 MtCO2e by 2030. The sector comprises four emission sources: human sewage, industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater, and solid waste, with industrial wastewater projected to become the highest emitter by 2030.
• Composting municipal solid waste is identified as a priority mitigation measure that could reduce GHG emissions by 0.90 MtCO2e in 2030 (4.4% of the sector's business-as-usual emissions) with an investment cost of 19 million USD. The proposed scenario involves expanding from one existing facility in Lahore to a total of four facilities by 2030, adding sites in Karachi, Faisalabad, and Rawalpindi.
• Landfill gas utilization is a priority option involving the use of sanitary landfills to capture methane for electricity or heat production. This measure is estimated to reduce 2030 GHG emissions by 0.88 MtCO2e (4.3% of the sector's BAU) with an investment cost of 245 million USD. Like composting, the scenario envisions expanding from one facility in Lahore to four facilities by 2030, including sites in Karachi, Faisalabad, and Rawalpindi.

APA

Climate and Development Knowledge Network (n.d.). Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Waste Sector. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Waste-sector.pdf

Chicago

Climate and Development Knowledge Network. Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Waste Sector. n.d. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Waste-sector.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |title=Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Waste Sector |url=https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Waste-sector.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{climateanddevelopmentknowledgenetworkndgreenhouse, author = {{Climate and Development Knowledge Network}}, title = {{Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Pakistan: Waste Sector}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, url = {https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/fact-sheet-Pakistan-Waste-sector.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }