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The report assesses the integration of gender equality and human rights into the climate adaptation strategies of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). While RMI has a strong policy framework—including the 2050 Tile Til Eo Climate Strategy and the 2019 Gender Equality Act—the report identifies significant gaps in operationalizing these goals. Key barriers include limited technical capacity, high staff turnover, a reliance on external consultants, and persistent social norms that frame women as passive victims rather than agents of change. The document provides a detailed roadmap of recommendations across four phases of the NAP process, emphasizing the need for sex-disaggregated data, inclusive community consultations, and the establishment of monitoring and evaluation protocols that track women's rights as markers of climate adaptation success.

The report examines gender inequality in the African maritime sector, highlighting that current frameworks often equate gender equality solely with women's inclusion. It advocates for an intersectional analysis—considering race, age, and class—to address the systemic exclusion of youth and other marginalised groups. The document reviews African Union maritime instruments, finds a lack of implementation and data, and provides examples of gender-sensitive initiatives in fisheries and coastal management.

This briefing, prepared by the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), presents a proposed Gender Policy for IAI scientific projects and activities. The policy aims to ensure gender equality in research and capacity building, recognizing that gender is a social construct and not binary. It establishes five primary objectives to promote regional leadership in gender equality, integrate gender dimensions into science, eliminate selection biases, create inclusive research environments, and develop gender-focused training.

The document analyzes how gender norms, poverty, and social structures exacerbate the vulnerabilities of women and girls to heat stress and limit their access to cooling services. It highlights specific risks in healthcare, domestic labor, and agriculture, while calling for sex-disaggregated data and gender-transformative policies to achieve universal sustainable cooling.

The report assesses gender inequalities in Tanzania, specifically within the agriculture sector, identifying four primary barriers for women: land ownership, labor access, technical/technological gaps, and financial constraints. It reviews national and international policy frameworks and proposes how the TACATDP project will address these barriers through adaptation credits, guarantee support, and technical assistance.

The author contends that the safety and security risks facing healthcare workers are deeply gendered, as women constitute 70% of the global health workforce and 90% of nurses but are excluded from leadership. The text argues that universal human rights frameworks have a "neutralization effect" that conceals these gendered impacts. To remedy this, the author recommends utilizing the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Violence and Harassment Convention, 2019 (No. 190) to legally address discrimination, structural underpayment, inadequate PPE, and gender-based violence in the healthcare sector.

The Gender Action Plan for the Ghana Shea Landscape Emission Reductions Project establishes a framework to address gender gaps in forest resource management and the shea industry. It mandates the hiring of a Gender and Safeguards Officer and sets quantitative targets for women's participation in decision-making bodies, training, and employment. Key objectives include ensuring women's rights in Modified Taungya System (MTS) contracts, increasing women's access to shea processing technologies, and integrating gender perspectives into Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA). The plan allocates a total gender-responsive budget of 13,273,339 USD across various activities, including shea parkland restoration and value chain strengthening.

The report identifies cultural, structural, and workplace barriers that marginalise women in the male-dominated maritime sector in Africa. It highlights a critical lack of gender-disaggregated data and the phenomenon of 'sea blindness' as obstacles to visibility and recruitment. Using South Africa as a primary case study, the report suggests that the United Nations' Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda can provide a framework for improving women's inclusion. Key recommendations include launching public awareness campaigns, implementing gender-sensitive budgeting, and creating mentorship programmes to bridge the gender gap.

The document argues that formal land titles are often used as a proxy for tenure security but frequently fail to provide women with actual control over land due to discriminatory laws, customary norms, and lack of access to resources. It highlights that individual titling can conflict with indigenous collective tenure systems and may even lead to dispossession. To achieve genuine security, the author recommends gender-equitable normative frameworks, the inclusion of women in land governance, and ancillary support such as technical training and credit access.

The report finds that kerosene subsidies in Nigeria failed poor women, who paid 2–6 times the official price and faced hardships during shortages. The 2016 subsidy removal further stressed household incomes, leading women in rural areas to rely more on inferior biomass fuels. The report recommends against reinstating kerosene subsidies, suggesting instead that funds be redirected toward social protection programs and the financing of clean-burning cookstoves.

The report finds that kerosene subsidies in Bangladesh are largely ineffective, as official price cuts are not passed to consumers and many poor households remain unaware of the subsidies. While women are primarily exposed to the health risks of kerosene and biomass cooking, men dominate energy purchasing and decision-making. The study suggests that instead of reforming the kerosene subsidy, the government should shift support toward clean energy alternatives like solar PV and grid electricity, which 69% of households believe would most benefit women.

The report finds that kerosene subsidies in Nigeria were largely ineffective, as most low-income households paid significantly above the official price and women faced long queues and safety risks from adulterated fuel. The 2016 removal of these subsidies further strained women's budgets, pushing many in rural areas back toward biomass for cooking, which increases exposure to indoor air pollution and time spent collecting wood. While women often control daily energy choices, men typically own the electronic appliances. The report recommends against returning to kerosene or LPG subsidies, suggesting instead a shift toward technology-neutral clean cooking support and social protection programs targeted at female heads of households.

The report finds that while India's clean cooking schemes improve energy access and save women an average of one hour per day, current LPG subsidies are inefficiently targeted, with nearly half of beneficiaries not belonging to the poorest households. It recommends refining subsidy targeting to better support poor households and adopting a holistic strategy that promotes non-fossil-fuel cooking technologies, such as electricity.

The report assesses how India's LPG subsidy schemes, specifically PAHAL (DBTL) and Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), affect poor women. It finds that while PMUY has increased LPG access and reduced drudgery—saving women an average of one hour per day—significant inefficiencies remain. Many poor households are still left behind due to affordability and distribution barriers, while a large share of consumption subsidies benefit wealthier households. The report recommends improving targeting, reviewing the PMUY loan system to ensure affordability for the poorest, and adopting a more holistic clean cooking strategy.

The report analyzes the gender-specific vulnerabilities in Togo's climate-sensitive sectors and provides a framework for integrating gender into the National Adaptation Plan (NAP). It identifies systemic barriers, such as limited land rights and low literacy for women, and recommends sex-disaggregated indicators and inclusive decision-making across agriculture, water, energy, and health sectors.

The report assesses the current state of Guinea's National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and identifies significant gender inequalities that exacerbate climate vulnerability. It highlights a lack of explicit links between gender planning and climate adaptation in national policies and recommends institutional reforms, capacity building, and the use of sex-disaggregated data to ensure adaptation measures are equitable and effective.

The report identifies critical gender disparities in Ethiopia that affect climate vulnerability and adaptive capacity, specifically regarding roles in agriculture, access to natural resources, and participation in decision-making. It proposes 13 overarching recommendations to integrate gender considerations into the NAP-ETH, ranging from addressing social norms and improving access to information to institutionalizing gender-responsive resource allocation and monitoring systems.

The policy brief argues that South Africa's 2017 White Paper on International Migration (WPIM) neglects the 'feminisation of migration,' leaving women migrants vulnerable to exploitation and violence. While women's migration to South Africa has quadrupled since 1990, current legislation remains gender-neutral, failing to address gender-specific drivers or the economic potential of women's remittances and entrepreneurship. The author highlights risks in the informal sector and the potential for human rights violations in proposed border processing centres, urging the government to adopt gender-disaggregated data and targeted protection strategies.

The report examines the intersection of gender inequality and climate vulnerability in Côte d’Ivoire, providing a framework to integrate gender-responsive strategies into the National Adaptation Plan (NAP). It identifies systemic barriers—such as limited land rights for women, economic disparities in agriculture, and institutional gaps in gender monitoring—that amplify climate risks. The document offers detailed recommendations for the NAP process, including the creation of gender-specific indicators, the involvement of the National Observatory for Equity and Gender (ONEG), and sector-specific interventions in agriculture, water access, land use, health, and coastal zones to ensure that adaptation measures do not exacerbate existing inequalities.

The report analyzes the current status of Madagascar's National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and identifies systemic gender inequalities that increase climate vulnerability. It highlights a lack of gender-disaggregated data and limited leadership in gender mainstreaming across sectoral ministries. The document provides a proposed harmonized definition of a gender-responsive NAP and offers specific recommendations for the National Coordination Office for Climate Change (BNCCC) and sectoral strategies in agriculture, water, health, coastal zones, biodiversity, and infrastructure to ensure equitable adaptation outcomes.