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This report by Ember examines the potential for capturing abandoned mine methane (AMM) in Wales to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate local energy and revenue. It highlights that while Wales contributes significantly to UK AMM emissions due to the methane-rich geology of South Wales anthracite coalfields, it currently lacks active capture projects and suffers from significant data gaps and outdated emission estimates.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/PUC-Rio analyzes the strategic role of the Brazilian livestock sector in climate change mitigation, focusing on reducing methane emissions from enteric fermentation. It proposes a portfolio of solutions across land use, biological productivity, nutrition, and system management to align productivity gains with environmental sustainability.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the role of Brazilian cattle ranching in climate change, specifically focusing on methane emissions from enteric fermentation. It proposes a portfolio of solutions across land use, biological productivity, feed management, and production systems to increase productivity while reducing the sector's climate footprint. The document also evaluates existing public policies and provides recommendations to align agricultural growth with carbon neutrality goals.

This report by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute examines reconductoring—the process of replacing existing electrical transmission cables with advanced conductors—as a rapid and cost-effective method to increase the capacity of the U.S. energy grid. The author argues that reconductoring can bypass lengthy permitting processes, reduce energy costs, and support the transition to clean energy by enabling the connection of stalled renewable projects and meeting rising electricity demands from electric vehicles and data centers.

This report by Ember examines how artificial intelligence (AI) can facilitate the integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) in ASEAN power systems. It identifies five key AI applications—forecasting, predictive maintenance, dispatch optimisation, real-time control, and dynamic line rating—that can reduce operational costs and emissions. While the region shows strong AI readiness, adoption is currently fragmented and limited to pilot projects. The report estimates that widespread AI adoption could save up to $67 billion and reduce CO2 emissions by nearly 400 million tonnes by 2035.

This supplemental report by RMI addresses the barriers to scaling Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) in the United States, specifically focusing on the challenges posed by inconsistent metering and telemetry requirements for distributed energy resources (DERs).

This research paper by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute examines how the United States can reduce its heavy reliance on critical mineral imports through circular economy strategies, specifically focusing on recycling and secondary recovery from waste streams like acid mine drainage and phosphate fertilizer byproducts.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) provides detailed recommendations to strengthen the first draft of the outcome document for the Fourth Financing for Development Conference (FFD4). The document focuses on enhancing domestic resource mobilization, reforming private finance, improving climate financing for vulnerable nations, updating international trade rules, and establishing more robust debt-relief mechanisms.

This report by Ember and the Clean Air Task Force examines how environmental factors—including cloud cover, terrain roughness, sun elevation, surface brightness, and wind speed—limit the efficacy of satellite-based methane monitoring. It highlights that approximately 30% of global upstream coal and oil and gas infrastructure is located in regions where these conditions make spaceborne observations challenging, necessitating a multi-tiered observing system that integrates satellites with near-ground measurement technologies.

This report by RMI examines the potential of advanced transmission technologies (ATTs)—comprising grid-enhancing technologies (GETs) and advanced conductors—to expand electricity grid capacity and reliability. While pilot projects in the United States have demonstrated success in increasing capacity and reducing costs, the report identifies significant barriers to scaling these solutions, including risk aversion, financial disincentives, and a failure to integrate ATTs into long-term grid planning. RMI suggests that large corporate energy users can accelerate adoption through policy advocacy and by facilitating coordination between utilities across different service territories.

This research paper by Global Energy Monitor analyzes India's steel industry, arguing that its current strategy of expanding coal-based capacity before implementing decarbonization—a "build now, decarbonize later" approach—risks creating massive stranded assets and locking in high emissions. The document details the industry's heavy reliance on blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) and coal-based direct reduced iron (DRI) production, while evaluating the potential and limitations of green hydrogen, scrap-based production, and renewable energy integration to meet India's 2070 net-zero goal.

This report by Ember analyzes the underreporting of coal mine methane (CMM) emissions in Indonesia, arguing that current official figures significantly underestimate the actual environmental impact. The document highlights gaps in the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems, the exclusion of underground mines, and the use of outdated emission factors, which may undermine Indonesia's commitments under the Global Methane Pledge.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines the role of fossil gas in sustainable finance taxonomies, arguing that fugitive methane emissions significantly increase the climate impact of gas-fired power generation, often making it comparable to coal. It analyzes various global taxonomies and concludes that the strict criteria for fossil gas inclusion in the EU Taxonomy make such projects economically unviable compared to renewable energy alternatives.

This report by the Global Climate and Health Alliance (GCHA) examines the intersection of methane emissions from the agri-food sector and human health. It identifies primary emission sources—including livestock, rice cultivation, and land-use change—and proposes systemic solutions that offer co-benefits for public health, such as reduced respiratory illness and improved nutrition.

This report by the Global Climate and Health Alliance examines the sources of methane emissions within food and agriculture systems and outlines the human health co-benefits of mitigation strategies. It advocates for systemic changes to food production and consumption, including the adoption of plant-rich diets and improved agricultural techniques, to reduce global warming and improve public health outcomes.

This submission by the Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), on behalf of groundWork and Earthlife Africa, opposes Eskom's applications for the postponement and suspension of Minimum Emission Standards (MES) compliance. The document argues that Eskom's failure to comply with air quality laws violates constitutional rights to health and a safe environment, particularly in the Highveld Priority Area. It provides evidence of extensive emission exceedances, high emission intensity compared to international standards, and severe public health impacts, while asserting that abatement technologies are technically and economically feasible.

This policy brief by Energy Innovation argues that floating offshore wind is a critical, untapped resource for decarbonizing the Western United States. While the U.S. currently lags behind other nations in offshore wind capacity, the authors contend that scaling this technology can diversify energy resources, reduce land-use conflicts, and provide reliable power during peak evening demand. The document outlines the economic potential for job creation and port revitalization, specifically highlighting projects in California, and provides policy recommendations for federal tax credits, infrastructure investment, and transmission planning to achieve net-zero emissions by midcentury.

This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute outlines a framework for achieving climate-neutral cities, focusing on the identification of emission sources across three scopes and the deployment of efficiency and carbon capture technologies. It emphasizes a systems-thinking approach to urban mitigation, specifically targeting the transportation and built environment sectors while excluding large-scale electricity generation and general industry solutions.

This report provides a technical review of advanced chemistry cell (ACC) battery technologies and the potential for domestic manufacturing in India to support electricity and transportation decarbonization.

This research paper examines the international standardization landscape as it relates to plastics pollution. It analyzes the roles of major standards organizations like ISO, CEN, and ASTM International, identifies gaps in current standards across the plastics value chain, and proposes strategic re-orientations—such as variety reduction and digital materials passports—to support a circular economy and a potential global treaty on plastic pollution.