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This report examines the opportunities and challenges for the Canadian agricultural sector within evolving national and international climate change regimes. It analyzes the sector's mitigation potential, the role of bioenergy, the development of agricultural carbon offsets, and the impact of climate policies on international competitiveness and trade.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) discusses gaps in life-cycle assessments (LCAs) used to measure greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the built environment. It argues that current LCAs may misdirect decarbonization efforts due to data gaps, lack of transparency, and the omission of biogenic carbon emissions from wood products.

This briefing note from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) details the state of energy subsidies and renewable energy targets in India as of December 2018. It covers proposed amendments to the Electricity Act 2003, the fiscal burden of oil and LPG subsidies, the financial stress within the power sector, and the government's ambitions for renewable energy capacity.

This September 2009 report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the financing requirements for climate change mitigation and adaptation in developing countries. It analyzes the gap between current funding levels and estimated needs, evaluates various proposed funding mechanisms—including national and international levies—and discusses the governance challenges of managing these funds within the UNFCCC framework ahead of the COP 15 negotiations in Copenhagen.

This executive summary examines the potential impacts of proposed World Trade Organization (WTO) fisheries subsidy rules on the Southern Longline (SLL) tuna fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. The study focuses on South Pacific albacore and analyzes six primary fleets to determine how prohibitions on subsidies for illegal fishing, overfished stocks, and overcapacity would affect vessel profitability and regional management.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues for an integrated approach to climate change in the agriculture sector, moving away from treating mitigation and adaptation as separate policy goals. It identifies specific agricultural management practices that provide a 'triple dividend' of increased food security, improved adaptive capacity, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions, while outlining the financial, institutional, and technical barriers to their adoption.

This report examines the impact of the OECD's Pillar Two global minimum tax proposal on the mining sector, specifically focusing on 'timing differences' between accounting profits and taxable income. It argues that without proper resolution of these differences, resource-rich developing countries could lose significant tax revenue and investment to developed nations where parent companies are headquartered.

This report, submitted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to the UNFCCC First Global Stocktake, analyzes the failure of governments to align public financial flows with the Paris Agreement. It argues that public support for fossil fuels remains high and often increases, creating a financial barrier to clean energy deployment. The document provides evidence of subsidy trends, the impact of COVID-19 recovery packages, and offers a framework for fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) to accelerate the energy transition while ensuring social equity.

This report, produced by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in partnership with the Ministry of Commerce of China (MOFCOM), analyzes the sustainability of China's fish and fish products market supply chains. Using a Global Commodity Chain Sustainability Analysis (GCCSA) framework, the study examines three specific case studies: tilapia aquaculture, cod reprocessing, and the live reef food fish trade (LRFFT). The report evaluates these chains across ecological, economic, and social dimensions, highlighting China's pivotal role as a global producer, processor, and consumer. It identifies critical challenges including illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, traceability gaps, and environmental degradation, while recommending the adoption of national traceability systems, sustainability certifications, and strategic policy integration with China's Five-Year Plans to ensure long-term sector viability.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) submitted a consultation response regarding the 2022 Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement (API) between Switzerland and Indonesia. While IISD acknowledges innovations in the treaty—such as stricter investor definitions to prevent 'treaty shopping' and the exclusion of speculative profits from expropriation compensation—it argues that several provisions remain problematic. Key concerns include a climate-neutral definition of investment, the persistence of unpredictable 'legitimate expectations' in the Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) standard, and the lack of a requirement to exhaust local remedies before pursuing international arbitration. IISD recommends that Switzerland adopt more sustainable investment definitions and strengthen the right to regulate in the public interest in future treaties.

This brochure describes the activities and focus areas of the International Institute for Sustainable Development's (IISD) Economic Law and Policy Program, which provides technical expertise and policy advice to government officials in developing countries to foster equitable and environmentally sustainable economic development.

This fact sheet describes the activities of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) Energy Program, which provides guidance to authorities on transitioning to sustainable energy systems, reforming fossil fuel subsidies, and implementing international climate commitments.

This fact sheet outlines the International Institute for Sustainable Development's (IISD) initiatives to promote inclusive and resilient food security through advisory services, policy analysis, and collaborative research projects focusing on sustainable agriculture, gender equality, and trade.

This fact sheet describes the activities and strategic goals of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) regarding inclusive and resilient food security, focusing on sustainable agriculture, policy analysis, and gender equality.

This fact sheet describes the International Institute for Sustainable Development's (IISD) approach to freshwater management, which integrates scientific research from the IISD Experimental Lakes Area with policy solutions for watershed management, bioeconomies, and international basin cooperation.

This brochure describes the activities and strategic priorities of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), focusing on its role as a research and innovation centre that integrates environmental and social priorities with economic development, particularly within the Canadian context.

This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines four proposed regime options for a post-2012 climate change framework and their impact on the "development dividend"—defined by the quality of sustainable development, the quantity of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), and the regional distribution of investments in developing countries.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines agricultural cooperatives as a model for inclusive investment. It details the different types of cooperatives, their benefits for smallholder farmers, the role of foreign investment in these structures, and the necessary legal and governmental frameworks to support their success.

This fact sheet from the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues that renewable energy is more cost-effective than coal in Indonesia when externalities are considered and highlights the disparity in subsidies between the two energy sources.

This guide, produced by the International Institute for Sustainable Development's Global Subsidies Initiative and the Institute for Essential Services Reform, examines the costs and benefits of energy subsidies in Indonesia. It details the mechanisms of subsidies for fuel, electricity, coal, and LPG, arguing that these measures primarily benefit wealthier citizens while creating fiscal vulnerabilities, discouraging clean energy investment, and encouraging illegal activities like smuggling.