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The report 'Boom & Bust Coal 2026' analyzes the global state of coal-fired power plants in 2025, highlighting a paradox where global capacity is increasing while actual electricity production from coal is declining. It focuses heavily on the roles of China and India as the primary drivers of new capacity, the shift of coal to a 'system insurance' role, and a detailed critique of Indonesia's regulatory contradictions and the rise of captive coal plants for mineral processing.

This report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes global coal power trends in 2025, highlighting a growing divergence between increasing installed capacity and decreasing actual generation. While coal expansion remains concentrated in China and India, the total number of countries proposing or constructing new coal plants has declined. The document specifically contrasts the coal policies of South Korea, which has committed to a 2040 phase-out, and Japan, which continues to emphasize technical abatement and gradual adjustments without a binding national phase-out date.

The May 2026 report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes the global state of coal power, highlighting a growing divergence where coal capacity increases while actual generation declines. While the number of countries pursuing new coal development is shrinking, significant expansions continue in China and India, often framed as system security measures. The report provides detailed regional analyses, noting that Latin America has reached a status of no new coal plants, although some countries in the region face setbacks in decommissioning existing facilities.

The May 2026 report 'Boom and Bust' by Global Energy Monitor analyzes the global coal power portfolio, highlighting a growing divergence between the installation of new coal capacity and actual electricity generation. While global capacity increased by 3.5% in 2025, generation fell by 0.6%, with coal increasingly serving as a backup rather than a primary energy source. The report details regional trends, noting that new construction is heavily concentrated in China and India, while other regions face stagnation or decline due to financing constraints and energy transitions.

This report by Global Energy Monitor and various partners analyzes the state of global coal-fired power generation in 2025 and early 2026. It highlights a growing divergence where global coal capacity continues to increase—driven primarily by China and India—while actual generation decreases as renewables displace coal. The document details regional trends, noting that while Latin America has reached a 'No New Coal' status, several countries in the region are experiencing delays in planned plant retirements due to political pressure or energy security concerns.

This report by the Institute for Security Studies examines the relationship between India and Africa, arguing that while India possesses significant comparative advantages based on historical ties and shared developmental goals, there is a persistent gap between its strategic rhetoric and material outcomes. The author identifies structural constraints—including limited fiscal headroom, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and reputational risks—that have caused India to lag behind other global powers like China. The report recommends a coherent Africa strategy focused on low-cost, high-impact initiatives in health, education, and digital finance, utilizing 'anchor states' such as South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, and Egypt to scale interventions.

This fact sheet by Natural Justice analyzes the proposed revisions to Mozambique's Petroleum Law, which regulates the approval and management of oil and gas projects. While the government aims to attract investment and economic development, the document highlights critical gaps regarding community rights, the risks of legally binding agreements without independent support, and the introduction of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology.

This policy brief examines how the methodologies of major private credit rating agencies (CRAs) negatively impact African development by inflating risk premiums and increasing the cost of capital. It argues that these agencies operate as an oligopoly with subjective, biased methodologies that ignore social indicators and long-term development. To counter this, the document discusses the establishment of the Africa Credit Rating Agency (AfCRA) and proposes broader reforms to the international financial architecture, including the creation of a global fiscal body and improved domestic fiscal transparency and debt management in African nations.

The report 'Boom & Bust Coal 2026' bySS analyzes global coal power trends in 2025, highlighting a growing gap where coal capacity is increasing while actual electricity production isS is declining. This trend is most prominent in China and India, where coal plants are increasingly used as 'system insurance' to support the integration of renewables. While the number of countries pursuing new coal projects is decreasing, Indonesia remains a significant outlier, expanding coal capacity primarily through 'captive' power plants for mineral processing (nickel and aluminum) and facing regulatory contradictions between its climate commitments and energy planning documents.

This report analyzes the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF) case ADPF 743 as a study of how judicial decisions can catalyze institutional cooperation and accelerate land governance policies. While originally focused on combating deforestation and fires in the Amazon and Pantanal, the case evolved into a 'structural process' that mandates the integration of environmental, land, and registry databases to improve land administration and environmental control.

This report analyzes the alignment of Mongolia's nationally determined contributions (NDCs), national adaptation plans (NAPs), and national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs) to identify gaps and opportunities for integrated climate and nature policy coordination.

This policy brief examines the United States government's recent shift toward using equity investments to secure critical mineral supply chains, particularly to reduce dependence on China. While these deals provide essential up-front capital and have catalyzed private investment, the author argues that equity alone is insufficient and must be paired with demand-side supports, such as price floors and offtake agreements, to ensure long-term market stability.

This report examines the factors influencing the viability of low-carbon technology options for the commercial vehicle sector, focusing on total-cost-of-ownership (TCO) analyses and the impact of geopolitical, industrial, and geographic contexts.

This perspective from the Stockholm Environment Institute argues that climate mitigation and adaptation have been artificially fragmented into separate agendas, which wastes resources and undermines sustainable development. The author advocates for a systemic approach where climate considerations are integrated by default into all policies, budgets, and planning decisions across all scales of governance, particularly in Asia.

This discussion paper by the NewClimate Institute explores potential frameworks for the 'Roadmap for Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels' (TAFF Roadmap), an initiative announced by the Brazilian Presidency at COP30. The paper suggests that a 'Coalition Roadmap' led by high-ambition first-mover countries is the most feasible way to maximize impact given current political divisions.

This report analyzes the subnational policy landscape for electric vehicle (EV) and battery manufacturing across 14 major automotive states in India, emphasizing the role of state governments in deepening localization through the control of land, power, and infrastructure.

This report by the Institute for Security Studies examines the state and requirements of vocational education in Africa, highlighting a significant mismatch between graduate skills and employer needs, low enrollment in vocational programs in sub-Saharan Africa, and the challenges posed by the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines how the start of the Iran war and subsequent fossil fuel price shocks have accelerated consumer and government interest in clean energy technologies, specifically solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs), across six European markets: Germany, Italy, France, Poland, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

This research paper examines the potential for triangular cooperation between the European Union (EU), Indonesia, and African nations in the critical raw materials (CRM) sector. It argues that while the EU and Indonesia currently employ different partnership models in Africa—the EU focusing on supply chain integration and ESG standards, and Indonesia focusing on downstream industrialisation and South-South cooperation—these differences are complementary. The authors propose a framework where EU financial instruments and ESG expertise combine with Indonesia's technical experience in mineral processing to support African goals of local value addition and industrialisation, thereby reducing all parties' dependence on China.

This briefing from RMI and the New Energy Industrial Strategy (NEIS) Center analyzes the global energy crisis triggered by the US-Iran war. It argues that while governments are currently relying on short-term fixes like strategic reserves and subsidies, the crisis provides an opportunity to accelerate the transition to clean energy, electrification, and efficiency to reduce long-term vulnerability to volatile global fuel markets.