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This research paper reviews greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across the sanitation and wastewater management chain to improve climate change considerations in sanitation planning, identifying significant data and methodological gaps in current literature.

This report is a country study on Zambia, part of a broader series titled "From Climate Risk to Resilience" produced by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) for the African Climate Foundation (ACF). It outlines a framework for analyzing climate change impacts across four areas: climate profile projections, economic sector implications, existing government adaptation measures, and strategic recommendations for funding and resilience.

This report on Mozambique is part of the "From Climate Risk to Resilience" series commissioned by the African Climate Foundation and produced by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). It analyzes the economic and social impacts of climate change across four areas: climate profile changes and scenario modelling, implications for key economic sectors and macroeconomics, existing government adaptation measures and challenges, and strategic suggestions for funding mobilization.

This working paper examines China's greenhouse gas emissions and land-based carbon stocks, evaluating the potential for land-based mitigation technologies (LMTs) for carbon dioxide removal. The authors analyze scientific literature, policy documents, and expert interviews to identify barriers and opportunities for achieving net-zero emissions by 2060.

This research paper analyzes development finance flows for renewable and non-renewable energy in five Western Balkan countries from 2008 to 2020, identifying a total of US$3.2 billion in funding and noting that a significant portion supported non-renewable energy sources.

This insights brief by the Southern African Resilience Academy (SARA) examines the role of urban informality in building equitable resilience in cities across southern Africa and the Global South. It argues that while informality is often invisible or viewed as a challenge, it provides critical services, livelihoods, and innovation that can enhance urban resilience if harnessed through inclusive governance and partnerships.

This policy brief by the Forum on Trade, Environment, & the SDGs (TESS) examines options for international trade-related cooperation to address plastic pollution, specifically focusing on single-use plastics. It analyzes existing national legislative approaches, proposes criteria for identifying problematic plastics, and outlines pathways for collective action through the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the development of a global plastics treaty.

This issue brief from the World Resources Institute examines the current state of energy transition analysis in Africa, highlighting the need for country-specific, science-based policymaking to replace generalized myths and polarized debates.

This report by RMI argues for the establishment of comprehensive indoor air quality (IAQ) guidelines in the United States to protect public health and inform building decarbonization. It examines the health risks of indoor pollutants, compares indoor and outdoor air regulation, reviews international and domestic examples of IAQ guidelines, and outlines how such guidelines can be applied to product safety, building codes, and certifications.

This research paper discusses the critical relationship between human communities and wetland ecosystems, highlighting the severe global degradation of these areas and the resulting impact on dependent populations.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute provides an overview of the evolving landscape of climate risk reporting for financial actors and corporates, with a specific focus on Swedish real estate investors. It details the distinctions between physical, transition, and systemic risks, compares international and EU-specific reporting frameworks, and discusses the shift from single to double materiality approaches in sustainability disclosures.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the potential benefits and costs of implementing automated, high-frequency, and networked water quality monitoring systems, specifically within the context of the Winnipeg River basin.

This research paper examines the criteria and metrics used to determine the sequencing of a global phase-out of oil extraction, emphasizing the need for equity and a just transition to remain within the 1.5C global warming limit.

This research paper examines ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) interventions in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) coastal region, focusing on how these projects can provide livelihood opportunities and be scaled. The authors identify an incremental, community-led model—starting with periodic fishery closures to meet immediate food needs before expanding to broader conservation—as a highly effective approach for achieving sustainable outcomes.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute explores how systems thinking can enhance Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) analysis in capital investment. Through a review of tools, practitioner interviews, and workshops, the study identifies significant barriers in the finance sector—such as a reliance on quantitative aggregation and short-term horizons—while proposing six dimensions to operationalize systems thinking for asset managers.

This briefing, based on research from the Aspen Global Change Institute, examines the impact of climate change on atmospheric rivers and snowpack in California and other mountainous regions. It highlights a paradoxical future where the region faces both an increased risk of catastrophic megafloods and a long-term decline in snowpack and overall precipitation frequency, emphasizing that high-emissions scenarios will accelerate these hydrologic shifts.

This report documents the role of girls and young women in advocating for climate action and justice in Asia and the Pacific, focusing on their vulnerability, the barriers they face, and the tools they use to challenge shrinking civic space.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines how voluntary sustainability standards (VSSs) can help reduce poverty among smallholder farmers. Based on a study of 13 major standard initiatives and 12 meta-studies, the document analyzes VSSs across three dimensions of poverty: access to resources, opportunities and choice, and power and voice. While VSSs can provide benefits such as better crop prices and improved natural resource management, the brief concludes that their overall impact on poverty reduction is inconclusive and context-specific, requiring significant external support from governments and the private sector to be effective.

This policy brief, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in March 2023, examines the role of Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) in reducing poverty among smallholder farmers. Based on a 2021 study of 13 major agricultural standards, 12 meta-studies, and 57 interviews across six countries, the document argues that while VSS can support poverty reduction through improved crop prices and resource conservation, they are not a standalone solution and require supportive ecosystems, government intervention, and improved governance to be truly effective.

This policy brief, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in March 2023, examines whether voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) can help reduce poverty among smallholder farmers. Based on a 2021 study that analyzed 13 VSS initiatives, 12 meta-studies, and 57 interviews across six countries, the document argues that VSS can be a tool for poverty reduction when integrated into broader strategies. It identifies key barriers to access for smallholders and provides recommendations for VSS designers and policymakers to enhance the socio-economic and environmental benefits of these standards.