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The study evaluates how climate change affects the ability of the Maipo Basin's water system to meet urban and agricultural demands, finding that while both sectors are sensitive to precipitation changes, the urban sector is more resilient due to higher reliability standards and greater water-use rights.

The study finds that grain production systems in the Pampas lead to higher water-table levels and increased flooding risk compared to dairy systems. This is attributed to lower transpiration rates in annual crops and enhanced groundwater recharge in croplands, whereas perennial pastures maintain deeper water tables through higher transpiration and direct groundwater discharge.

The report analyzes the hydrological impacts of forest fires and deforestation in the Chiquitania region of Bolivia, specifically focusing on the Curichi Grande and Tucavaca watersheds. It details the development of a multi-criteria prioritization tool using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and a hydrological model using WEAP to assess water availability and soil retention. Field findings from 2021-2022 highlight critical water scarcity and quality issues in local communities following the 2019 and 2020 fires, while the report argues that integrating fire risk into water management is essential for sustainable regional development.

The guide provides a structured approach based on the XLRM framework to assess investments in water supply systems. It emphasizes comparing 'environmental additional investments' (IAA) against traditional infrastructure and efficiency measures. Using two Colombian case studies (Río Chinchiná and Río Chicamocha), the document demonstrates how nature-based solutions like ecosystem restoration can improve water regulation and increase low-flow (Q95) availability, thereby reducing the gap between water supply and demand. It also analyzes the Colombian regulatory framework, specifically Resolution CRA 907 of 2019, which allows certain environmental costs to be recovered through tariffs.

The Plan Director de la Cuenca Alta del Rio La Paz provides a comprehensive diagnostic and strategic roadmap for managing water resources in a 1,725 km² area. It identifies critical vulnerabilities, including severe water pollution in urban rivers, glacier retreat, and inadequate sanitation in rural areas. The plan proposes 11 strategic lines (LE) focusing on climate resilience, water governance, technological innovation in irrigation, and the construction of wastewater treatment plants (PTAR), with a total estimated investment of 1,555,183,480 BOB.

The report provides a comprehensive strategic and programmatic framework for the Tupiza River Basin, focusing on improving water security, sanitation, and climate resilience. It identifies critical vulnerabilities, including mining-related water contamination, inadequate sanitation in rural areas, and high susceptibility to floods and frosts. The plan proposes specific infrastructure investments—such as rainwater harvesting tanks, deep wells, and decentralized wastewater treatment plants—alongside gender-focused empowerment programs and sustainable mining management to mitigate environmental degradation.

The report finds that Nepal's hydropower sector is currently highly vulnerable to climate variability, particularly smaller run-of-river plants. While future annual energy generation is projected to be relatively robust, climate change is expected to increase hazards such as sediment loads, floods, and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs). The study recommends a shift toward a more balanced power mix with increased storage capacity and the adoption of 'low-regret' adaptation options, including improved hydro-meteorological monitoring and early warning systems.

The document evaluates the impact of planned hydroelectric expansion in Colombia's Magdalena River basin on the Mompox Depression, one of the world's largest wetland systems. Using an enhanced Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model, the study finds that while new dams may not prevent extreme floods, they could significantly alter seasonal and low flows, threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services. It also warns that reducing connectivity through flood-control structures like dikes could increase peak flow magnitudes downstream, potentially raising flood risks for urban areas like Barranquilla.

The document details the application of the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model to the Otún river basin in Colombia to assess water supply and demand under climate change. It identifies the Corporación Autónoma de Risaralda (CARDER) as the primary institutional manager and calculates a total water demand of 10.35 m3/s for human consumption, energy generation, and environmental flows. A key finding is the critical role of the páramo ecosystem, which provides a relatively constant water flow and contributes up to 60% of the flow at Nuevo Libaré during low-flow months like August.

The study implements a climate-informed water resources decision-making framework in Piura, Peru, combining the XLRM assessment framework with the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) system. By integrating participatory workshops with hydrological modeling, the research identifies system-level vulnerabilities in moorland base flows caused by climate variability and a reduction in moorland area over a 50-year simulation. These vulnerabilities directly impact water availability for downstream rural and agricultural users who depend on a reservoir.

The report examines the vulnerability of the Tabalak pond, a Ramsar site in Niger, to climate risks, particularly droughts and floods. It finds that while the local population is highly dependent on the pond for agrosilvopastoral activities, they are severely affected by recurring droughts and environmental degradation. The document recommends improving governance through inter-communal cooperation, establishing continuous environmental monitoring, and accelerating restoration efforts to ensure the pond's sustainability.

The report evaluates the social and environmental impacts of the hydropower projects planned under Viet Nam's PDP VI, comparing them against thermal power alternatives. It concludes that while hydropower is the least-cost option for meeting energy demand, current mitigation for displacement and environmental loss is inadequate. The study proposes a comprehensive mitigation package based on the Impoverishment, Risk and Reconstruction (IRR) model and recommends the institutionalization of SEA in the national power planning process to internalize external costs and enhance sustainability.

This report identifies and maps National Strategic Water Source Areas (SWSAs) across South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland, defining them as areas that supply a disproportionate amount of mean annual runoff relative to their land area. The document evaluates the ecological condition, protection levels, and threats to these areas—including land cover modification and mining—while also providing an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine in Mpumalanga.

The report analyzes the flood and heat risks in Durán, Ecuador, finding that 60% of the canton faces medium to very high flood risk. It identifies a strong correlation between informal settlements, low socioeconomic status, and high vulnerability. The study recommends a master plan for storm drainage, the restoration of mangroves to mitigate tidal effects, and the implementation of urban green structures to increase resilience.

This report details an interdisciplinary Environmental Flows (E-Flows) assessment of the Nam Songkhram River Basin in Northeast Thailand. The study examines the critical relationship between the Mekong River mainstream and the Nam Songkhram floodplain, emphasizing how the annual 'flood pulse' sustains high aquatic biodiversity and local livelihoods. The findings highlight a transition from natural wetland habitats to simplified ecosystems dominated by agricultural land and industrial tree plantations, specifically eucalyptus. The report argues that upstream flood control infrastructure is largely futile due to the dominance of the Mekong's hydrology and recommends a holistic, multi-stakeholder approach to basin management to prevent further ecological collapse.