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This report, commissioned by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) for the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), examines how just transition policies can address employment and social justice challenges in developing countries and emerging economies during the shift to an ecologically sustainable economy.

This case study by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the governance and environmental risks associated with four federal transport infrastructure projects in the state of Pará: Ferrogrão, BR-155/158, BR-163/230/MT/PA, and BR-230. Using a 'market access approach' to quantify deforestation risks, the study finds that these projects collectively threaten nearly 7,000 square kilometers of Amazonian native vegetation, with over half of the impact concentrated in Pará. The report highlights significant transparency issues regarding project documentation and urges the Pará state government to engage in dialogue with the federal government to integrate deforestation control funding into project designs.

This case study describes the Puerto Rico Community Energy Resilience Initiative (CERI), a program designed to increase energy resilience in low-to-moderate income communities through the installation of solar-plus-storage microgrids at critical facilities.

A research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluating the sustainability and economic feasibility of ecotechnologies for recovering carbon and nutrients in Sweden, Poland, and Finland using a bottom-up cost-benefit analysis.

The Subnational Climate Fund (SnCF) is a financial instrument designed to overcome barriers to private capital mobilization for climate-resilient infrastructure at the subnational level, combining a Technical Assistance Facility with a private equity fund.

The Climate Adaptation Notes (CAN) is a proposed funding mechanism designed to increase private, commercial bank, and institutional investment in water and wastewater infrastructure projects across sub-Saharan Africa by combining short-term construction financing with long-term asset-based funding.

This case study describes the "Enhancing climate change adaptation in the North Coast and Nile Delta Regions in Egypt 2018-2025" project, co-financed by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation. The project aims to mitigate coastal flooding risks caused by sea level rise and extreme storm events through physical infrastructure and strategic planning.

The Food Securities Fund, developed by Clarmondial, provides working capital loans to agricultural aggregators in emerging and developing markets to support the transition to sustainable agriculture, with an initial focus on Sub Saharan Africa.

The Adaptation Benefits Mechanism (ABM) is a results-based financing instrument that uses grants to repay commercial investors based on third-party valuations of adaptation benefits, specifically targeting private investment in projects such as land use and forestry.

The Africa Sustainable Forestry Fund II (ASFFII) is a USD 150 million private equity fund managed by Criterion Africa Partners that invests in sustainable forestry value chains across Africa, utilizing a blended equity structure to provide both mitigation and adaptation benefits.

The West Africa Coastal Areas Resilience Investment Project (WACA 2) is a regional initiative designed to strengthen coastal resilience in six West African countries through a portfolio of investments that mainstream climate risks into national policies and target vulnerable sectors including transport, urban, and natural resources.

The IDA’s Lesotho Transport Infrastructure and Connectivity project focuses on building 35 footbridges in rural Lesotho to improve access to social services and agricultural markets, specifically addressing vulnerabilities caused by severe floods and heavy rainy seasons.

A case study on Climate Investor Two, a fund managed by a consortium including Climate Fund Managers and FMO to manage the EUR 160 million Dutch Fund for Climate and Development, focusing on water, oceans, and sanitation infrastructure in low- and lower middle-income countries.

The African Conservancies Fund (ACF), established by Conservation International, provides debt capital to the Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust in Kenya to fund sustainable revenue-generating activities such as eco-tourism and carbon credit generation.

This case study describes AgDevCo, a subsidized impact investor and project developer targeting early-stage small and medium agri-businesses in Sub Saharan Africa to improve food security, employment, and climate resilience for smallholder farmers.

The Green Aggregation Tech Enterprise (GATE) is a risk-mitigation mechanism designed to address revenue risks for mini grid developers serving rural customers without credit histories in southern Africa, specifically starting in Zambia.

This case study examines a World Food Program (WFP) initiative in Mozambique that provided unconditional cash transfers and food vouchers to vulnerable households following severe droughts and cyclones. The program, funded by DFID and implemented with government partners, reached over 24,000 households to improve food security and climate resilience.

This case study describes the African Risk Capacity (ARC), a sovereign risk pool and early response mechanism that provides drought insurance to African Union member states to protect food security for vulnerable populations.

This case study describes a World Bank-supported model in Cambodia using performance-based contracts to increase private sector engagement in climate-resilient road rehabilitation, and evaluates the potential for scaling this Public-Private Partnership (PPP) structure within African markets.

The Restoration Insurance Service Company (RISCO) is a social enterprise designed to fund mangrove conservation and restoration by monetizing the adaptation and mitigation values of these ecosystems. It generates revenue through annual fees from insurance companies for flood reduction benefits and the sale of blue carbon credits.