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This 2004 policy paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute argues that the rapid growth of global aviation is unsustainable due to its significant contribution to climate change and local pollution. It highlights that aviation's radiative forcing makes its emissions three times more damaging than ground-level CO2 and criticizes government subsidies that artificially stimulate demand. The report recommends a shift toward demand management, including the internalisation of external costs, shifting short-haul passengers to rail, and implementing strict noise and emission limits at airports.

The action list from the second day of the Nineteenth Meeting of the IAI Executive Council (EC) details administrative approvals regarding budget requests, member contributions, and program planning, as well as specific requests for financial analysis and personnel salary resolutions.

This document is a list of action items from the second day of the nineteenth meeting of the Executive Council (CE) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on June 30, 2004, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

This briefing outlines the actions taken during the first day (June 30, 2004) of the Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI).

The Action List from the 19th Meeting of the IAI Executive Council (EC), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on June 29-30, 2004, details administrative approvals, financial decisions, and personnel changes. Key outcomes include the approval of the 2004/2005 Alternative Core Budget Request, the resignation of the IAI Director effective December 31, 2004, and a request for Canada and the USA to address local staff salary issues with Brazilian authorities.

Minutes from the 18th Meeting of the Executive Council (EC) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on December 4-5, 2003, in San José, Costa Rica. The meeting focused on the institute's financial instability due to member state arrears, the approval of scientific grants, and strategic planning for the upcoming 10th anniversary of the Montevideo Agreement.

The Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research report for the 2003/04 fiscal year shows a positive balance of $48,494, with 94% of expected country contributions collected. The Institute achieved approximately $100,000 in savings against its approved budget, primarily through reduced salary and benefit costs. The report also details the winding down of the Collaborative Research Network and Small Grants Program I, and the launch of Small Grants Program II.

The Action List from Day 1 of the Nineteenth Meeting of the IAI Executive Council (EC) on June 29, 2004, details administrative approvals, the formation of a candidate selection committee for the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), and the announcement of the IAI Director's resignation.

This report from the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) details activities from July 2003 to June 2004. It focuses on implementing six strategic goals related to research network growth, scientific agenda definition, capacity building in scientifically weaker countries, knowledge synthesis, dissemination of results, and increasing the institute's institutional profile.

This report provides a chronological summary of the first decade of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), from its establishment in 1992 to 2002. It details the institute's institutional structure, the evolution of its Science Agenda, and the various funding programs—including Start-up Grants, Initial Science Programs, and Collaborative Research Networks—designed to build scientific capacity and promote multinational research on global environmental changes across the Americas.

This report documents the first decade of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), covering its institutional development, scientific agenda, and research programs from 1992 to 2002. It details the transition from a conceptual phase to an operational entity, the establishment of its headquarters in Brazil, and the implementation of various grant programs and cooperative research networks aimed at understanding environmental changes across the Americas.

The Financial and Administrative Committee (FAC) report for the 2003-2004 fiscal year details two primary meetings held in Costa Rica and Brazil. The report focuses on the IAI's financial stability, the review of external audits by KPMG, the development of personnel manuals and performance plans, and the scrutiny of the proposed 2004/2005 basic budget.

This research paper analyzes the tension between multi-stakeholder collaborations aimed at creating sustainability standards for the coffee sector and the constraints of U.S. anti-trust law. It examines how efforts to address market failures—particularly regarding pricing and producer welfare—can be interpreted as illegal restraints of trade under the Sherman Act, and proposes procedural safeguards and intergovernmental involvement to mitigate these legal risks.

This report analyzes the intersection of international trade, sustainable development, and agriculture in Central America. It examines the impact of WTO agreements, regional trade negotiations (such as ALCA and CAFTA), and the environmental footprints of key agricultural sectors, proposing a 'Green General System of Preferences' to incentivize sustainable production.

This research paper examines why Zimbabwe has not experienced a total state collapse despite severe economic crisis, hyperinflation, and international sanctions under the leadership of President Robert Mugabe.

This research paper analyzes the IGAD Peace Initiative in Sudan as it approached a signed agreement between the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) in 2004. The author argues that while the first stage of the process successfully identified core conflict issues, the subsequent transitional period requires a shift from elite-driven negotiations to a transparent, inclusive, and democratic process to avoid implosion. The paper emphasizes that internal stability in Sudan is inextricably linked to the rehabilitation of its contentious bilateral relations with neighboring states in the Horn of Africa.

This research paper analyzes the IGAD Peace Initiative in Sudan as it nears a signed agreement between the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A). The author argues that while the first stage of negotiations was successful in its narrow focus, the subsequent transitional period requires a shift toward inclusivity, democratic transformation, and the rehabilitation of volatile bilateral relations with neighboring states in the Horn of Africa to ensure a sustainable peace.

This briefing analyzes Brazil's strategic position and challenges within the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) negotiations as of February 2004. It details the friction between Brazil and the United States over agricultural subsidies, non-tariff barriers, and the 'Singapore issues,' while examining how the US strategy of bilateral agreements and the outcomes of the WTO Cancun summit have influenced the shift toward a more flexible 'ALCA-lite' framework.

This briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) evaluates the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Mexico ten years after its 1994 implementation. The author argues that while the agreement created significant challenges for certain sectors—particularly agriculture—it has been an empirical success in terms of trade, investment, and macroeconomic stability, providing a case study for the South African Customs Union (SACU).

The South Centre and CIEL IP Quarterly Update for the second quarter of 2004 analyzes international intellectual property (IP) policy-making, focusing on the upcoming WIPO General Assembly and developments across multilateral, plurilateral, and bilateral fora. The report highlights the challenges developing countries face when developed nations shift negotiations to bilateral 'TRIPS-plus' agreements to circumvent multilateral flexibilities. Key areas of concern include the protection of genetic resources, the proposed broadcasting treaty, and the Substantive Patent Law Treaty (SPLT).