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This research paper examines the conceptual and legal intersections between international human rights law and international environmental law, focusing on the Inter-American System of Human Rights. The author argues that while the two regimes historically differed in approach—human rights being anthropocentric and environmental law oscillating between anthropocentric and biocentric—they are increasingly integrated. The document analyzes how human rights tools, such as precautionary measures and state responsibility for the acts of third parties, are used to protect environmental rights and reviews regional jurisprudence from the Inter-American, African, and European systems to illustrate the environmental dimensions of the rights to life, property, and information.

This fact sheet from the Climate Bonds Initiative details a USD 150 million green bond issued by Banco Pichincha SA on December 20, 2019, marking the first green bond from Ecuador.

The report 'Playing With Fire' by Sandbag assesses plans to convert European coal power stations to burn biomass, primarily wood pellets. It argues that these conversions, driven by EU legislation and subsidies, risk accelerating climate change due to long carbon payback periods and significant forest loss, while providing minimal electricity relative to the cost and environmental impact.

This report by Ember provides an interim analysis of 15 draft National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) from EU Member States, focusing on the power sector transition. It finds that while wind and solar capacity targets have increased significantly since 2019, they still fall short of REPowerEU goals. The analysis highlights a critical lack of quantified targets for electricity storage and flexibility, as well as poor data quality and transparency across the submitted plans.

This report by Ember examines how the closure of the Strait of Hormuz exposes the fragility of global fossil fuel dependencies, particularly in Asia, and argues that scaling 'electrotech' (EVs, solar, wind, batteries, and heat pumps) provides a viable path to energy security and economic independence.

The 'People Power Now' manifesto, published by Friends of the Earth International, outlines ten demands for a just transition of the global energy system. It argues that the current capitalist economic model has caused biodiversity collapse, the climate crisis, and extreme inequality, which were further highlighted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The document calls for a systemic shift away from neoliberalism and fossil fuel dependency toward a people-centered energy system based on energy sufficiency, democratic control, and social justice.

This manifesto, published by Friends of the Earth International, calls for a systemic transformation of the global energy system to achieve 'Energy Sovereignty.' It argues that the current capitalist and neoliberal economic model has caused biodiversity collapse, climate crisis, and extreme inequality, which were further highlighted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The document proposes ten key demands to transition toward a just, sustainable, and people-centered energy system that treats energy as a common good rather than a commodity.

This executive summary of an energy manifesto by Friends of the Earth International calls for a systemic overhaul of the global energy system to achieve energy sovereignty and climate justice. The document argues that the current capitalist model drives ecological collapse and social inequality, proposing a transition to a people-centered system based on 10 key demands. It advocates for treating energy as a common good rather than a commodity, prioritizing small-scale renewable technologies, and ensuring a just transition that protects workers' rights and addresses historical climate debts owed by the Global North.

This report by Friends of the Earth International examines the global crisis of water equity, focusing on the negative impacts of water privatization driven by international financial institutions and multinational corporations. It details specific cases of water scarcity, pollution, and social unrest in various countries, while proposing alternative, sustainable, and community-led water management models.

This briefing by the Green Economy Coalition outlines ten priority options for governments and stakeholders to ensure that economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic is just, green, and transformative. It argues that recovery efforts should address systemic risks—including climate change, biodiversity loss, and inequality—by aligning stimulus packages with the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement.

This briefing by the Green Economy Coalition argues that the existing social contract is broken due to rising inequality and distrust in institutions. It proposes the creation of a new, intersectional social contract that integrates human wellbeing with planetary health to ensure a just transition to a green economy.

This report details the findings and proposals of the Fund Raising Working Group (FRWG) following an informal meeting on May 18, 2001. The group focused on expanding the funding basis for the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) by addressing member country debt, seeking partnerships with international donors, and improving the quality of funding proposals.

This document is a framework collaboration agreement between the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) and the Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (OEI). The agreement establishes a basis for joint activities in education, science, culture, and social development, specifically focusing on the interface between science and policy and scientific diplomacy.

This research paper examines the distributive welfare impacts of energy price increases resulting from a Kyoto Protocol scenario—specifically a 6% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from 1990 levels. Using a welfare model based on consumer surplus and data from the Canadian residential sector, the authors simulate how different income groups are affected and propose compensation mechanisms to ensure equity.

Demand for eco-certified fish is growing in the US and Europe, driven by young consumers and those viewing the products as status symbols. In the US, supermarket choice is influenced by eco-certification commitments, while Canada's primary European export markets include France, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Spain.

This report, submitted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to the UNFCCC First Global Stocktake, analyzes the failure of governments to align public financial flows with the Paris Agreement. It argues that public support for fossil fuels remains high and often increases, creating a financial barrier to clean energy deployment. The document provides evidence of subsidy trends, the impact of COVID-19 recovery packages, and offers a framework for fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) to accelerate the energy transition while ensuring social equity.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines agricultural cooperatives as a model for inclusive investment. It details the different types of cooperatives, their benefits for smallholder farmers, the role of foreign investment in these structures, and the necessary legal and governmental frameworks to support their success.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the role of investment treaties and Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) mechanisms in global governance. It argues that traditional investment treaties, which prioritize investor protection, often fail to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and instead create significant financial and legal burdens for host states, potentially hindering sustainable development and climate action.

This guide by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the role of investment treaties and Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) mechanisms in global governance. It argues that traditional treaties, designed to protect foreign investors and attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), often conflict with sustainable development goals by creating 'regulatory chill' and imposing high financial costs on host states. The document advocates for an ambitious reform of investment law to prioritize public interest, environmental protection, and human rights over investor protections.

This 2004 research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the relationship between international investment agreements (IIAs) and sustainable development. It argues that the traditional model of IIAs, which focuses heavily on investor protections, has failed to empirically prove its ability to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and often conflicts with the regulatory needs and development priorities of host states. The paper advocates for a 'Southern Agenda' that balances private investor rights with public goods, transparency, and the specific needs of developing countries.