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This research paper by Isaac Nkama examines how Zambia's educational and political strategies under Kenneth Kaunda pre-empted xenophobia, contrasting these efforts with the recurring xenophobic violence in South Africa. The author argues that South Africa lacks a long-term strategic intervention and a curriculum that teaches citizens about the support other African nations provided during the struggle against apartheid.

This policy brief evaluates the implementation of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) in Tanzania. Based on interviews with 17 stakeholders and a review of government documents, the study finds that while SAICM has positively influenced national chemicals management across its five objectives, significant risks persist in the informal sector and agricultural industry, and national coordination among senior officials remains a challenge.

This policy brief examines the intersection of transport and environment in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting critical issues such as rising urban air pollution, high road fatality rates, and traffic congestion. It argues that current transport policies often favor automobiles over the needs of poor and vulnerable populations and calls for an integrated approach to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve equity through strategies like the 'avoid, shift, improve' framework.

This case study examines the Bakhresa Group, a conglomerate of 19 companies operating across various sectors in the SADC region, detailing the operational barriers it faces and its strategies for mitigation and advocacy.

This case study examines the operations, challenges, and strategic investments of Mohammed Enterprises Tanzania Ltd (MeTL) Group, a large conglomerate operating across Tanzania and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region.

This research paper explores the complexities of resource governance in Africa, examining how the extraction of minerals and oil often triggers conflict driven by greed and grievance. The author argues for a transition from violent political struggle to a discourse of cooperation and the creation of transparent institutional structures to ensure that resource wealth benefits local communities and national development rather than fueling instability.

This policy brief examines the crisis in the prison systems of Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Zambia, highlighting how colonial-era infrastructure, chronic underfunding, and retributive sentencing policies lead to severe overcrowding and systemic human rights violations.

This report documents a validation workshop held on October 21, 2008, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, regarding the status of environmental crime in the country. The workshop was part of the Environmental Crime Project (ECP), implemented by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) in partnership with the Eastern Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organization (EAPCCO). The document outlines the current environmental legal framework, identifies critical gaps in existing research, details specific types of environmental crimes affecting Tanzania, and provides recommendations for improving enforcement and inter-agency coordination.

This research paper argues that Africa is vulnerable to global Islamist terrorism and that the African Union (AU) has failed to implement its counter-terrorism frameworks. The author highlights the underfunding and understaffing of the African Centre for the Study and Research on Terrorism in Algiers and proposes a practical, incremental strategy for building capacity based on the specific strengths of key states and regional organisations.

This report, published by the Institute for Security Studies in 2006, examines the evolution of civil-security relations in Tanzania from the post-independence era through the transition to multi-party democracy. It analyzes the historical politicization of the Tanzanian People’s Defence Force (TPDF) under the one-party state, the subsequent recommendations for security sector reform (SSR) by the Nyalali Commission, and the grassroots perceptions of various security organs. The document also details the specific political and security conflicts in Zanzibar and the reconciliation efforts known as Muafaka I and II.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies details the outcomes of two peace sessions held in Pretoria in October and November 2003. These sessions facilitated agreements between the Transitional Government of Burundi (TGoB) and the rebel Forces for the Defence of Democracy-Forces for Defence of Democracy (CNDD-FDD) on political and security power sharing, leading to a Global Ceasefire Agreement on 16 November 2003.

This document is a seminar report from a meeting held on 7-8 May 2000 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, focused on addressing the proliferation and illicit trafficking of small arms in the Great Lakes region and the Horn of Africa. It documents the proceedings of senior police officers, government officials, and representatives from subregional and non-governmental organisations.

The report argues that the success of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) depends heavily on improving the efficiency, capacity, and security of Africa's maritime transport and port infrastructure to facilitate the movement of goods across the continent.

This policy brief by the Institute for Security Studies analyzes major demographic, economic, technological, urban, and socio-political transitions in Africa through 2035. Using the International Futures forecasting system, the authors highlight a general positive trend but warn that rapid population growth, fragile democratic foundations, and infrastructure gaps may compound poverty and instability if not addressed by strategic governance and investment.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies analyzes the fragile peace process in Burundi as of February 2009, focusing on the implementation of the 2006 ceasefire agreement between the government and the PALIPEHUTU-FNL rebels.

This 2012 case study examines the operational challenges faced by Aluminium Africa Limited (ALAF), a Tanzania-based aluminium and steel manufacturer. ALAF reports significant barriers to regional trade within the SADC area, including inadequate energy infrastructure (marked by power rationing and cost increases), inefficient border controls and port services in Tanzania, and regulatory uncertainty. The company also highlights difficulties in accessing skilled labour and foreign currency in markets like Malawi. While ALAF has invested in backup power and lobbied via the Confederation of Tanzania Industries, it notes a lack of tangible government action to resolve these systemic constraints.

This policy brief examines the impact of Chinese investments in Tanzania's plastic recycling industry and the subsequent effects of China's 2018 import ban on waste materials. It highlights how Chinese firms have facilitated technology transfer and local business growth, while also noting significant environmental and health risks and a potential decline in local waste sourcing due to the import of cleaner waste from Europe and the US.

This policy briefing examines the ecological importance and governance challenges of the Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania and Kenya. It highlights that approximately 70% of the original forest cover has been lost due to deforestation and degradation, driven largely by population growth and a heavy reliance on biomass for energy. Despite a comprehensive policy framework and significant donor funding—including REDD+ initiatives—the document argues that governance failures, lack of state funding, and poor enforcement of local by-laws have hindered conservation efforts.

This research paper evaluates the alignment of Uganda's post-COVID-19 economic recovery strategy with its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It finds that while Uganda has increased its climate ambition in its updated NDC, the actual economic stimulus packages have largely prioritised immediate health and economic rescue over green recovery, leaving climate action underfunded and sidelined in the budget process.

This case study, commissioned by the African Development Bank and conducted by the Stockholm Environment Institute, examines the complex linkages between water management and poverty reduction in Tanzania. It analyzes the country's progress toward Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the impact of water on agriculture and ecosystems, and the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in the Pangani and Rufiji basins.