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The 2022 Forest Declaration Assessment Theme 4 report evaluates global forest governance systems and their capacity to halt and reverse forest loss and land degradation by 2030. It finds that while some countries have implemented effective legal tools like moratoria and inclusive policies, overall progress is insufficient, with persistent issues including widespread corruption, tenure insecurity for Indigenous Peoples and local communities, and the rollback of environmental protections in several major tropical forest nations.

This executive summary analyzes the impact of Decree No. 9,760/2019 on the administrative enforcement procedures of IBAMA, Brazil's federal environmental agency. It argues that changes to the sanctioning process, combined with a shift toward military-led operations and the dismissal of technical staff, have weakened the state's ability to combat illegal deforestation and fires in the Amazon.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) examines how Brazil's law enforcement and monitoring efforts to reduce primary deforestation in the Amazon unintentionally promoted tropical forest regeneration between 2004 and 2014.

This policy brief argues that Brazil's satellite-based monitoring (DETER) and law enforcement (IBAMA) system is a highly cost-effective tool that prevented an average of 27,000 km² of deforestation per year between 2007 and 2016. The document demonstrates that these measures do not hinder agricultural production and avoid nearly 1 billion tCO2 emissions annually. It warns that a proposed 50% budget cut for 2020 could increase deforestation by 45% and recommends strengthening federal financial and institutional support for these systems.

This research paper evaluates the effectiveness of Brazil's DETER satellite-based monitoring system in reducing deforestation in the Amazon between 2006 and 2016. Using an instrumental variable approach based on cloud coverage, the authors find that targeted environmental law enforcement significantly curbed forest clearing without negatively impacting local agricultural production.

This research paper analyzes the growth of secondary vegetation in the Brazilian Amazon from 2004 to 2014, investigating whether this regeneration was a result of policy spillovers from law enforcement targeting primary forest loss. The authors find that increased enforcement in a cell's neighborhood significantly increases the probability and area of forest regrowth within that cell, suggesting a deterrence mechanism where offenders abandon deforested land due to higher perceived risks.

This white paper by the Climate Policy Initiative argues that strengthening command and control mechanisms, specifically through technological innovation in monitoring and law enforcement, is essential to combating illegal deforestation in Brazil. It highlights the success of the DETER system in the Amazon and proposes expanding these capabilities to other biomes and smaller-scale deforestation.

This executive summary describes a study by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) on the impact of the Real Time System for Detection of Deforestation (DETER) and associated law enforcement on deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The analysis concludes that satellite-based monitoring and targeted enforcement by Ibama were the primary drivers of the deforestation slowdown in the 2000s, preventing significant forest loss without negatively impacting agricultural production.

This report documents a validation workshop held on October 21, 2008, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, regarding the status of environmental crime in the country. The workshop was part of the Environmental Crime Project (ECP), implemented by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) in partnership with the Eastern Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organization (EAPCCO). The document outlines the current environmental legal framework, identifies critical gaps in existing research, details specific types of environmental crimes affecting Tanzania, and provides recommendations for improving enforcement and inter-agency coordination.