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The report concludes that the proposed Thabametsi Power Plant's coal ash dump is unsuitable and its mitigation measures are insufficient. Key concerns include the siting of the dump atop fault zones, which could facilitate rapid contaminant transport and hinder monitoring, and a groundwater monitoring program that omits numerous critical trace elements. The author also notes significant discrepancies in the applicant's estimated coal combustion residue (CCR) production and argues that the proposed liner system may not meet accepted safety standards, increasing the risk of hazardous waste leaking into water resources used by local populations.

South Africa is overexploiting its renewable water resources, with more than 60% of its rivers currently overexploited. Forecasts indicate that demand will increase across agricultural, industrial, and municipal sectors through 2035, driven by population growth, urbanisation, and industrial expansion. The report highlights critical vulnerabilities, including deteriorating wastewater treatment facilities—where nearly 25% are in a 'critical state'—and high levels of non-revenue water (approximately 36% of municipal consumption). To avoid a national crisis, the authors recommend implementing tiered water pricing, expanding the use of treated wastewater, and increasing sustainable groundwater extraction. The report also notes that transitioning from coal-based energy to renewables would reduce industrial water demand. While large-scale infrastructure projects are planned, the report argues they are insufficient without aggressive demand reduction and efficiency measures.

The analysis concludes that river flows in the Mokolo and Crocodile (West) catchments are very likely to decline due to a combination of projected precipitation decreases and increased evaporation driven by rising temperatures. Using the American Southwest as a semi-arid analog, the author argues that temperature-induced flow declines will occur even if modest precipitation increases happen. The report warns that these systems are already over-allocated and that further warming, potentially reaching 5°C under high-emissions scenarios, will exacerbate water shortages and increase the frequency of 'flash droughts'.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) has written to the South African Department of Environmental Affairs to express concern over the lack of transparency and coordination regarding several climate change policy documents. The CER highlights a proliferation of reports and drafts—including the 'Pathways documents' and the 'National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy'—without a clear overall strategy or alignment between government departments. The CER specifically argues that climate mitigation modelling must reflect current research showing that new coal-fired power capacity is unnecessary and financially uncompetitive compared to renewables, urging the abandonment of remaining Kusile units and the exclusion of new coal plants from future scenarios.

The report argues that South Africa's coal sector is in a state of crisis due to rising costs, energy insecurity, and the increasing competitiveness of renewable energy. It models three pathways: a least-cost NDC-based scenario, a 2°C-consistent scenario, and a sensitivity analysis regarding Sasol's Secunda plant. The findings indicate that meeting a 2°C target requires the rapid retirement of coal-fired power plants, including Medupi and Kusile, and a shift toward wind and solar PV. While the transition offers benefits like cheaper electricity and improved air quality, it poses significant risks to employment in coal-mining regions, particularly Mpumalanga, necessitating a planned 'just transition' to support workers and diversify local economies.

The document argues that South Africa, the most unequal country in the world, is implementing unwarranted fiscal austerity that undermines the rights to health and education. It highlights that while the government justifies cuts through debt concerns, South African debt is moderate by international standards. The report identifies systemic failures including 'state capture', corruption costing R27 billion annually, and a regressive tax mix. It recommends progressive tax reform, such as wealth and corporate tax increases, and a human rights-based approach to fiscal policy to expand the resources available for social services.

The document outlines the proceedings of a three-day conference focused on the causes, mechanisms, and aftermath of state capture in South Africa. It examines the role of apartheid legacies, the influence of the private sector, the vulnerability of state-owned enterprises, and the failure of oversight institutions. The report emphasizes that state capture is a politico-economic project involving both formal and informal power, often facilitated by the politicization of the bureaucracy and the erosion of the criminal justice system. It argues for comprehensive state reform, including electoral changes, transparency in party funding, and the protection of whistleblowers, while drawing comparisons with state capture in Nigeria, Kenya, and Angola.

The document analyzes how biophysical climate impacts and international trade shifts threaten employment in South Africa's chemicals sub-sector, while identifying job creation potential through mitigation and adaptation interventions.

The South African mining sector is highly vulnerable to job losses driven by biophysical climate impacts and international trade responses, with coal, gold, and platinum being the most at risk. While biophysical impacts could lead to 14,700 job losses across all sectors, international trade responses could cause between 9,400 and 52,800 losses by 2030. The report highlights that coal and lignite mining is particularly vulnerable, with expected job losses of approximately 6% by 2030. However, the transition to a low-carbon economy creates opportunities for job growth in the extraction of minerals required for clean energy technologies, such as manganese and platinum group metals. To manage this transition, the report recommends a two-pronged approach to inventory and match transferable skills to non-mining sectors and new mining sub-sectors.

The peer review concludes that the Greenhouse Gas Assessment (GGA) and Climate Resilience Assessment (CRA) are comprehensive and follow international best practices, though it identifies gaps in the quantification of the Social Cost of Carbon and questions the overall project impact rating. While the project's GHG emissions are rated as 'VERY LARGE' and water scarcity risks as 'HIGH', the reviewer notes that the project's justification relies on existing South African energy policy, which remains a point of contention.

The Thabametsi Power Company (Pty) Ltd is applying for a Water Use License for a 630 MW coal-fired power plant near Lephalale, Limpopo. The project will use dry-cooled Circulating Fluidised Bed technology to achieve zero liquid effluent discharge. Water will be sourced via a permanent transfer of 720,000 m3/annum from Exxaro Coal (Pty) Ltd's existing allocation. The application covers several water uses under the National Water Act, including taking and storing water, altering watercourses, and disposing of waste. While the project is expected to create 14,348 jobs and support local industry, it faces challenges regarding water scarcity in the Mokolo Dam catchment and potential groundwater pollution from ash dumps and coal stockpiles. Mitigation measures include HDPE liners for pollution control dams and a comprehensive groundwater monitoring program.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) informs the South African Department of Energy that the Thabametsi and Khanyisa coal-fired power stations, both preferred bidders under the Coal Baseload IPP Procurement Programme (CBIPPPP), and the proposed KiPower station do not meet the legal qualification criteria for financial close. The CER highlights that a North Gauteng High Court ruling established that a full climate change impact assessment (CCIA) is a necessary part of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) for coal-fired plants. Thabametsi's CCIA indicated the plant would be one of the highest greenhouse gas emitters in the country and faces high water availability risks. Khanyisa and KiPower have failed to conduct CCIAs. The letter also notes that these projects are located in the water-stressed Olifants River Catchment and the Highveld Priority Area, where air quality is out of compliance with health standards. The CER requests clarification on whether the financial close deadline has been suspended pending the updated Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) and Integrated Energy Plan (IEP).

The document is a 'Comments and Responses Report' addressing objections to the Thabametsi Power Station's climate and palaeontological assessments. The developer, Thabametsi Power Company, defends the project's alignment with the 2010 Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) and argues that its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while high, are consistent with international standards and comparable to other South African coal plants. It rejects claims that it must calculate the 'social cost of carbon' or assess community-level climate resilience, stating these fall outside the approved Scope of Work. The report also addresses water scarcity risks in the Lephalale region, asserting that Phase 1 will use existing water allocations from the MCWAP-1 scheme and employ dry-cooling technology to minimize consumption.

An appeal by Earthlife Africa Johannesburg and groundWork to set aside the environmental authorisation for the 660 MW Namane coal-fired power station in Limpopo, South Africa. The appellants argue the decision is unlawful due to failures to assess climate change impacts, air quality risks, and water scarcity in the Waterberg region, while ignoring renewable energy alternatives and violating national and international environmental commitments.

The Centre for Environmental Rights, acting for Earthlife Africa Johannesburg, submitted formal objections on 20 January 2017 to the Integrated Water Use Licence Application (IWULA) for the proposed 1200MW coal-fired Thabametsi power station near Lephalale, Limpopo. The submission argues that the application is fatally flawed due to outdated data, failure to account for climate change, risks to groundwater and wetlands, and a lack of guaranteed water availability for the project's 40-year lifespan.

The Centre for Environmental Rights, acting for Earthlife Africa Johannesburg, submitted formal objections on 20 January 2017 to the Integrated Water Use Licence Application (IWULA) for the proposed Thabametsi power station, a 1200MW coal-fired project near Lephalale, Limpopo. The objections argue that the application is legally flawed, relies on outdated data, fails to secure a sustainable water supply for the project's 40-year lifespan, and poses significant risks to groundwater and wetlands.

The report assesses the environmental impacts of the proposed Thabametsi coal-fired power station, focusing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, climate resilience, and palaeontological risks. It finds that while the project will have a 'High (Negative)' significance rating due to 'Very Large' GHG emissions, it aligns with South Africa's energy policy and is more efficient than the country's oldest coal plants. Climate risks include water shortages and high temperatures, while palaeontological risks are rated as low to medium depending on the geological formation. The report concludes there are no environmental fatal flaws, provided mitigation measures are implemented.

The report examines the Mogalakwena Local Municipality as a site of 'perpetual instability' driven by cyclical factionalism within the ANC at local, regional, and provincial levels. It details how political battles over the appointment of the Municipal Manager (MM) and other senior officials led to a breakdown of the party-state interface, resulting in a complete municipal shutdown in 2014, the diversion of public funds toward 'lawfare' and private security, and a severe halt in basic service delivery. The study argues that the municipality's collapse reflects broader institutional fragility within the South African state under the Zuma administration.

The report examines South Africa's renewable energy landscape, highlighting the success of the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REI4P) in attracting R195 billion in investment and creating 26,790 jobs. It argues that South Africa possesses world-class solar and wind resources that could allow for a 70% renewable energy share by 2040, reducing costs and emissions. However, the document identifies significant barriers, primarily the state utility Eskom's reluctance to sign power purchase agreements and a historical path-dependency on coal. It also discusses the rise of rooftop photovoltaics and the necessity of a 'just transition' to protect workers in the coal sector.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), acting for Earthlife Africa Johannesburg, submitted comments to the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) regarding the Final Scope of Work Report (FSR) for the Thabametsi coal-fired power station. The CER argues that the FSR is inadequate, particularly concerning the Climate Change Impact Assessment (CCIA), and requests that the DEA either reject the report or require significant amendments to align it with the South African Constitution and the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA).