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Friends of the Earth criticizes a proposed US congressional energy plan, asserting that it undermines environmental protections, fails to reduce oil dependence, and prioritizes polluting industries over renewable energy and efficiency.

The report examines the intersection of climate change, national security, and sovereignty in the Arctic, focusing on Canada's strategic position. It notes that receding ice is opening new shipping lanes and resource opportunities, leading to increased military posturing among littoral states. While Canada has increased defence spending and planned infrastructure like the Diefenbaker icebreaker and bases at Resolute Bay and Nanisivik, the report argues that 'hard military power' is insufficient. Instead, it recommends that Canada leverage 'soft power' by leading in Arctic environmental management, engaging indigenous and northern communities in decision-making, and updating its Northern Foreign Policy to reflect current geopolitical realities.

The paper argues that Norway's success is due to a combination of high-quality institutions existing prior to oil discovery, a stable democratic system with proportional representation, and a commitment to social welfare and intergenerational equity through the Norwegian Petroleum Fund.

The report analyzes the failure of regional integration in Central Africa, linking it to the 'personalisation of power' and the 'resource curse' (specifically oil). It argues that regional organisations like ECCAS and CEMAC are often used to enhance regime security rather than human security. The document examines case studies of collapsed personalised regimes (Zaire, CAR, Equatorial Guinea) and surviving ones (Cameroon, Gabon), while assessing the operational weaknesses of regional security architectures and the impact of oil booms on institutional governance.

The document examines the European Investment Bank's (EIB) environmental framework, specifically its 2002 and 2004 Environmental Statements. While the EIB claims to prioritize environmental protection and align with EU standards, NGOs argue that the Bank continues to fund fossil fuel extraction and aviation projects that contradict climate goals. The text details the EIB's internal environmental units and its targets for renewable energy and CO2 reduction, while listing specific reforms demanded by civil society to increase transparency and accountability.

The report examines the business relationship between South Africa and Nigeria, highlighting the opportunities presented by Nigeria's large market and the significant hurdles faced by investors. Key challenges include systemic corruption, poor infrastructure—particularly in the power sector—and a lack of policy predictability. While the report notes that the return to democracy in 1999 and the introduction of the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) have improved the investment climate, it emphasizes that Nigeria remains a high-risk environment. The document also details the specific impact of South African firms like MTN and the broader economic landscape, including the dominance of the oil and gas sector and the emerging 'new economy' driven by the Nigerian diaspora.

The report examines the business environment in Nigeria from the perspective of South African investors, highlighting the tension between the country's massive market potential and its systemic structural failures. While the return to democracy in 1999 and the introduction of the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) have improved foreign direct investment (FDI) and political stability, South African firms continue to face high costs due to poor infrastructure, rampant corruption, and unpredictable policy-making. The document details the success of companies like MTN and the failures of others like Vodacom, while providing specific policy recommendations for both the Nigerian and South African governments to foster a more stable and transparent bilateral economic relationship.

The report analyzes Ecuador's energy sector, focusing on its heavy reliance on oil and the potential for reducing CO2 emissions. It proposes a mitigation scenario involving increased energy efficiency in households, industry, and transport, alongside a shift toward renewable energy in power generation.

The document examines how Mozambique's vast natural gas reserves, particularly in the Rovuma Basin, have failed to translate into sustainable development, instead contributing to regional inequality, corruption, and civil unrest in Cabo Delgado. It analyzes the 'enclave' nature of extractive projects and the country's severe debt crisis, including the 'Tuna Bonds' scandal. The brief also addresses the gendered impacts of the energy sector and the challenges of transitioning to a just energy future while managing critical minerals like graphite.

The report identifies three primary ecosystems driving climate mis- and disinformation: the 'attention economy' of online influencers, state-affiliated networks (specifically Russia), and the fossil fuel lobby. It details how the #ClimateScam hashtag has gained prominence on X, how ad tech companies monetise websites hosting climate denial, how Russian state media instrumentalises climate topics for geopolitical influence, and how fossil fuel companies use Facebook advertising for greenwashing. The document argues that these efforts undermine the public mandate for Net Zero and calls for structural changes to digital platform incentives and greater transparency in ad tech.

The document analyzes the EPA's April 17, 2012, rules for new oil and gas drilling, which mandate 'Reduced Emissions Completion' (REC) technology and modern equipment for pneumatic controllers and compressors to lower methane and VOC emissions. While the EPA estimates these rules will reduce methane emissions by 0.9 to 1.6 million tons per year, the author argues the rules are insufficient because they fail to directly regulate methane, include implementation delays, and ignore significant sources such as well clean-up, fracked oil wells, and existing infrastructure leaks.

The document highlights that just 1% of Australia's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 624 GW of energy capacity, potentially meeting the country's projected 2050 electricity demand of 436,281 GWh. It argues that this technology offers a low-land-footprint alternative to other renewables and a transition pathway for the oil and gas workforce.

The blueprint proposes a three-goal layered regulatory strategy to reduce oil and gas methane emissions: achieving immediate reductions via equipment and work practice standards, implementing compliance and emissions reporting, and continuously improving for deeper cuts. It emphasizes the use of OGMP 2.0 standards for MRV and suggests that import standards can be used to align foreign supplier emissions with domestic requirements.

The Clean Air Task Force (CATF) urges the European Commission to implement mandatory Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) programs and strict venting/flaring standards across the domestic oil and gas supply chain. CATF argues that the EU must not delay emission reductions while waiting for better measurement and reporting, citing successful precedents in North America. Furthermore, the document emphasizes that achieving carbon neutrality requires the EU to leverage its buying power to reduce methane emissions from imported oil and gas through legally binding import standards or economic structures.

The Fossil Fuel Regulatory Programme (FFRP), run by the CCAC and CATF, provides technical and regulatory support to up to 20 governments eligible for official development assistance between 2024 and 2027. The programme focuses on closing policy gaps to reduce methane emissions from the energy sector, offering services such as national inventory development via the Country Methane Abatement Tool (CoMAT), remote sensing capacity building, and leak detection and repair (LDAR) demonstrations. The FFRP explicitly excludes funding for private sector stakeholders or projects that extend fossil fuel operations. The document highlights that abating methane in the fossil fuel sector could avoid up to 0.1 °C of warming by 2050 and generate $260 billion in direct economic benefits by preventing premature deaths and crop losses.

A study commissioned by the Clean Air Task Force and conducted by Carbon Limits finds that finding and fixing natural gas leaks is a cost-effective strategy for reducing methane pollution. Based on data from over 4,000 inspections, the analysis shows that repairing most leaks is profitable for companies because the value of the conserved gas outweighs the repair costs. Quarterly LDAR surveys are estimated to abate methane at a net cost of less than $280 per metric ton, while monthly inspections at well sites and gas plants cost between $800 and $900 per metric ton—both figures remaining below the EPA's estimated societal damage cost of $970 per metric ton of methane. The document argues that current US federal regulations are insufficient, as only gas processing plants built since 1984 are required to perform leak inspections, and advocates for more robust federal rules based on the empirical evidence of low abatement costs.

The Clean Air Task Force argues that the U.S. oil and gas sector must reduce methane emissions by 65% by 2025 to align with global goals for limiting warming to 1.5°C. Without further action, emissions are projected to reach nearly 12 million metric tons by 2025. The proposal focuses on three primary areas: implementing monthly leak detection and repair (LDAR) or continuous monitoring to address leaks and super-emitters; replacing gas-driven pneumatic equipment with non-emitting alternatives; and implementing additional controls on storage tanks, well completions, compressors, and flaring. Together, these measures would reduce emissions by almost eight million tons per year, a benefit the author compares to replacing 150 million gasoline cars with zero-carbon electric vehicles. The document also advocates for a national policy to supplement existing state-level regulations in Colorado, Pennsylvania, and New Mexico.

The document highlights that just 1% of China's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 10,513 GW of energy capacity, potentially replacing all fossil fuels used for electricity production and reducing carbon emissions by approximately 5,943 megatonnes. It argues that this energy source offers a low land-use footprint, provides reliable 24/7 power, and allows for a transition of the existing oil and gas workforce into the zero-carbon sector.

The Clean Air Task Force (CATF) utilizes a specialized gas analyser kit, specifically the ABB GLA-131 model, to detect methane and carbon dioxide emissions. The tool uses laser absorption spectroscopy to identify gas concentrations with high precision, including methane detection at levels below 1ppb. While the analyser can detect diffused emissions kilometers away from a source and confirm the gas identity, it is used for qualitative detection of concentrations rather than the quantification of emission rates, which would require additional meteorological data and scientific expertise. CATF employs the analyser as a complement to optical gas imaging (OGI) cameras to provide a more comprehensive view of emissions from sources such as landfills, gas capture wells, and anaerobic digesters.

The document highlights Iran's significant superhot rock geothermal resources, noting that just 1% of this endowment could generate 3,121,694 GWh of electricity, far exceeding the country's 2021 consumption of 344,157 GWh. It argues that this energy source offers a low land-use footprint, provides reliable 24/7 power, and creates a transition pathway for Iran's oil and gas workforce.