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As of 2006, fossil fuels accounted for 80% of Florida's energy consumption, with 84% of electricity generation derived from fossil fuels. Between 1990 and 2005, the state's greenhouse gas emissions grew by 39%, a rate more than twice the U.S. average, driven primarily by the transportation and electric generation sectors.

The document reports that fossil fuels accounted for 81% of Mississippi's energy consumption as of 2006, driven by transportation and electricity generation. Between 1990 and 2005, the state's greenhouse gas emissions grew by 32%, a rate nearly double the U.S. average, with 84% of those emissions resulting from energy consumption as of 2005.

North Carolina's energy consumption is dominated by fossil fuels, which accounted for 74% of state energy use in 2006. Between 1990 and 2005, the state's greenhouse gas emissions grew by 40%, a rate more than double the U.S. average, driven primarily by the transportation and electric generation sectors.

The document reports that fossil fuels accounted for 71% of South Carolina's energy consumption as of 2006, driven by demand in transportation, industry, and electricity generation. Between 1990 and 2005, the state's greenhouse gas emissions grew by 42%, a rate more than double the U.S. average, with 90% of those emissions resulting from energy consumption, primarily the combustion of coal and petroleum.

As of 2006, fossil fuels accounted for 68% of Virginia's energy consumption, with approximately 78% of electricity generation derived from fossil fuels. Between 1990 and 2005, state greenhouse gas emissions increased by 15%, a growth rate slower than the U.S. average, with 91% of 2005 emissions resulting from energy consumption.

The Southeast United States accounts for 20% of U.S. energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, with a heavy reliance on fossil fuels (80%) and high per capita electricity use. Rapid population growth is projected to increase energy demand, particularly in electricity generation, which already constitutes 45% of regional energy consumption. The region's dependence on imported fossil fuels exposes it to price volatility and supply disruptions, while its emissions profile makes it a significant global contributor to climate change.

The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) analysis indicates that a national 25 percent by 2025 renewable electricity standard would create 297,000 jobs, generate $263.4 billion in new capital investment, and lower consumer energy bills by $64.3 billion by 2025. The policy would diversify the U.S. energy mix by increasing renewable capacity from 28,000 MW in 2007 to 248,000 MW by 2025, primarily through wind, solar, bioenergy, and geothermal sources. Environmentally, the standard would reduce power plant CO2 emissions by 277 million metric tons annually by 2025, equivalent to removing 45.3 million cars from the road.

The report argues that RGGI's design, which caps emissions only for power plants within participating states, creates a price advantage for imported electricity from coal-heavy states like West Virginia and Pennsylvania. This 'leakage' is exacerbated by excess capacity in existing coal plants and planned transmission upgrades that facilitate power flow from west to east. The authors suggest that RGGI states should implement retail-level carbon caps, prohibit contracts with high-emission plants, and prioritize transmission projects aligned with climate goals to prevent the expansion of coal-based power.

The document presents a collection of data points from multiple research organizations arguing that renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) sectors generate more employment per unit of energy or investment than fossil fuels. It highlights national and state-level projections in the US, such as the potential for 4.2 million new green jobs by 2038, and international examples from Germany, Spain, Brazil, and India. Specific technology sectors—including wind, solar, biofuels, and geothermal—are detailed alongside the impact of policy mechanisms like Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) and investment tax credits.

The research finds that the location of natural resources relative to the conflict zone is critical to determining conflict severity. Gemstone mining and hydrocarbon production within a conflict zone are strongly associated with higher total combat deaths, with secessionist conflicts in hydrocarbon-rich regions being the most severe. Conversely, drug cultivation in the conflict zone and hydrocarbon production located outside the conflict zone are associated with lower combat deaths and reduced conflict intensity. The study concludes that resources influence severity by altering the incentives and organizational structures of both rebel groups and the state.

The document advocates for a national Renewable Electricity Standard (RES) in the United States, describing it as a market-based mechanism that requires utilities to increase the share of electricity produced from renewable sources. It highlights economic benefits, such as saving consumers money and creating rural jobs, and environmental benefits, including the reduction of carbon dioxide and other harmful pollutants.

The document critiques 'oil aid'—public financing for fossil fuel infrastructure in the Global South—arguing it exacerbates the 'resource curse', benefits wealthy nations and corporations over the poor, and undermines climate action. It calls for a shift in public subsidies toward renewable energy to achieve a socially just energy transition.

The report argues that Africa must prioritize 'getting the basics right' by shifting government spending from current consumption toward the maintenance of physical assets and the establishment of transparent legal and financial institutions. It outlines a ten-point plan to spur growth, including fighting corruption, reforming land ownership, adopting continent-wide macroeconomic targets, and accelerating the privatisation of key infrastructure to attract private investment.

This case study examines the Nigerian energy landscape from 1990 to 2005, highlighting a heavy reliance on fossil fuels and unsustainable biomass. It identifies significant potentials for clean energy in solar, wind, biomass, and natural gas (specifically flare-to-power), while noting that investment is hindered by infrastructure deficits, political risks, and market distortions such as energy subsidies. The report proposes several Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects and a specific trigeneration case study for a rice mill cluster in Abakaliki to demonstrate the viability of biomass-to-energy systems.

The document examines the prevalence of gas pipeline refurbishment projects in Russia's Joint Implementation (JI) portfolio, which account for 53% of submitted projects. It analyzes the technical process of reducing methane leaks, the complex institutional structure of Russian gas distribution involving Gazprom and regional companies, and the debate over whether these projects are 'additional' or would have occurred due to economic incentives. The authors argue that while the projects are technically viable and potentially profitable, institutional barriers and a lack of historical leakage data complicate the verification of emission reductions.

Earthjustice filed lawsuits in district and federal courts of appeals to stop a natural gas drilling project in southwest Colorado's HD Mountains. The project, which proposed nearly 200 coalbed methane wells, was found to be inconsistent with the San Juan Forest Plan's protections for old-growth forests and water quality. As a result of the legal action, the Forest Service is performing additional environmental reviews and drilling in the roadless area has been halted.

Between 1997 and 2006, fossil fuel consumption in the Southeast grew by approximately 14 percent, significantly exceeding both the national average growth rate of 5 percent and the regional growth of non-fossil energy sources, which was less than 1 percent.

The document provides a comprehensive overview of employment trends in the clean energy sector, contrasting the job-creation potential of renewables and energy efficiency with traditional fossil fuel industries. It highlights specific national and state-level projections in the U.S., international trends in the EU and Brazil, and sector-specific data for wind, solar, biofuels, and geothermal energy, while also noting the decline of coal mining employment.

The Union of Concerned Scientists analysis indicates that a 15 percent by 2020 national renewable electricity standard would reduce consumer energy costs, increase renewable energy capacity, and lower power plant CO2 emissions in the United States.

The World Resources Institute (WRI) asserts that carbon dioxide capture and sequestration (CCS) is the only viable near-term solution to curb emissions from the expanding use of coal, particularly in the U.S. and China. While energy efficiency, renewables, and nuclear power are important, they cannot currently offset coal use at the necessary scale. WRI argues that a carbon cap and trade regime is a critical first step to incentivize low-carbon investment, though current legislative proposals likely offer carbon prices too low to offset high capture costs. Consequently, the document calls for increased public funding for research, development and demonstration (RD&D) and additional policy tools to address regulatory and public acceptance barriers.