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The document provides a submission to the Federal Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW) regarding the review of the Coal Mine Waste Gas (CMWG) method. Ember argues that the CMWG method is a critical supplementary incentive for decarbonising the resource sector, particularly for metallurgical coal, and should be extended beyond 2025. The submission specifically advocates for expanding the method's eligibility to include open cut mines, as current regulatory frameworks like the Safeguard Mechanism may perversely reward lower-emitting open cut mines. Ember also suggests improving measurement and verification by moving away from state-based emissions factors toward site-specific measurements and top-down verification. Additionally, the document proposes that the CMWG could help manage increasing electricity demand in the mining sector by using waste gas to 'firm' renewable energy output and could potentially incentivise the mitigation of abandoned mine methane.

The document describes natural gas as a fossil fuel primarily composed of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. It details the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and its negative consequences, including the contamination of millions of litres of clean water, the triggering of earthquakes, and the release of harmful air pollutants like VOCs and PM2.5. In British Columbia, the expansion of the LNG industry is noted to threaten Indigenous lands and water sources, such as the Wedzin Kwa river. The text asserts that methane is responsible for one-third of global warming and that 'renewable natural gas' is a form of greenwashing. It concludes by calling for a moratorium on new fracking permits and a transition away from methane for heating and cooking.

The document outlines the environmental and health risks associated with hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and methane gas, highlighting the disproportionate impact on Indigenous communities in British Columbia and the role of methane in global warming.

The document identifies rice cultivation, animal husbandry, and synthetic fertilizers as the primary sources of on-farm emissions in the Greater Mekong Subregion, accounting for 63% of the region's 1.1 Gt CO2-eq emissions in 2020. It highlights barriers to the adoption of low-emission innovations, including food insecurity, knowledge gaps, lack of training, and insufficient policy support. The briefing proposes high-impact solutions such as the System of Rice Intensification (SRI), direct-seeded rice, precision livestock feeding, and site-specific nutrient management, while recommending policy interventions like targeted subsidies, verifiable emission targets, and the establishment of multi-stakeholder learning networks.

The Global Climate and Health Alliance presents a framework for COP29 to translate the COP28 UAE Declaration on Climate and Health into concrete outcomes. The report argues that climate change undermines global health progress and calls for a fast, funded phase-out of fossil fuels, the adoption of a New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) for climate finance, and the integration of health targets into Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It emphasizes the need for holistic adaptation, the capitalization of the Loss and Damage Fund to address health needs, and the protection of UNFCCC policymaking from the influence of polluting industries.

The Global Climate and Health Alliance presents a set of recommendations for COP29, arguing that climate action is a public health imperative. The document calls for the phase-out of fossil fuels, the establishment of a New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on climate finance of at least USD 1 trillion per year, and the integration of health outcomes into National Determined Contributions (NDCs) and adaptation planning. It emphasizes the need to protect vulnerable populations, reform food systems toward agroecology, and manage conflicts of interest by reducing the influence of polluters in UNFCCC policymaking.

The report argues that Senegal's strategy to fund its 2035 emerging economy goals through fossil fuel exports faces significant stranded asset risks due to declining global LNG demand and the competitiveness of renewable energy.

The briefing details a coordinated effort by the fossil fuel industry, OPEC, and the UAE to derail fossil fuel phase-out efforts at COP28 through greenwashing, the promotion of unproven technologies like CCS, and the use of fake social media accounts and lobbyists. It highlights how these tactics influenced the Global Stocktake text to avoid direct calls for a phase-out, instead emphasizing 'zero and low emissions technologies'.

Fifty civil society organizations are urging financial institutions to cease support for the Papua LNG project, arguing it is incompatible with the 1.5°C global warming limit and the IEA Net Zero scenario. The project, involving TotalEnergies, ExxonMobil, Santos, and JX Nippon, is criticized for its estimated 220 million tons of CO2 equivalent emissions, risks of human rights abuses and environmental damage in Papua New Guinea's Gulf Province, and potential financial risks due to projected peaks in global gas demand by 2030.

The EU ETS will expand to shipping in 2024, applying the 'polluter pays principle' to cargo and passenger ships of 5,000 gross tonnage and above. The system covers 100% of emissions for voyages between EU ports and 50% for voyages between EU and non-EU ports. Costs will be phased in, starting with 40% of 2024 emissions paid in 2025, reaching 100% by 2027. While CO2 is covered from 2024, methane and nitrous oxide will be included from 2026. Revenue will support the Innovation Fund and member state climate projects, with specific exemptions for ice-traveling ships, certain outermost regions, and small island ferries until 2030.

Methane is a potent climate pollutant responsible for 30 percent of the earth's temperature rise since the Industrial era. In the oil and gas sector, methane leakage can make natural gas as damaging as coal in the near term, with some US Gulf of Mexico offshore platforms showing leakage rates up to 66 percent. Despite the fact that many leaks can be repaired cost-effectively, the document notes that companies are not moving quickly enough, particularly in the US Permian Basin. The author advocates for mandatory requirements and the expanded use of aerial and satellite detection to increase transparency and enforce standards.

The document argues that the Mozambique LNG project is irresponsible and harmful, citing the failure of TotalEnergies and the Mozambican government to address conflict drivers in Cabo Delgado, the displacement of families, and the project's significant contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions. It calls for financial institutions to cancel their support and conduct independent reassessments.

A survey of U.S. adults reveals that 60% prefer a home where all or most major appliances are powered by electricity. Preferences for electrification vary by political affiliation, race, and geography, with the highest support among liberal Democrats, Black respondents, and urban residents.

Methane is identified as the second largest contributor to human-induced warming, responsible for 30% of the increase since the pre-industrial era. Due to its high warming power over a 20-year period, the document recommends that financial institutions and companies establish separate targets for methane and CO2 emissions to avoid irreversible climate thresholds.

The guide outlines how state, local, and tribal governments can utilize CPRG funding to reduce methane emissions by implementing upstream organic waste diversion and downstream landfill gas controls. It emphasizes the use of 20-year global warming potential (GWP) for GHG inventories to highlight the urgency of methane action and details specific policy measures, such as organic waste bans and advanced monitoring technology, to achieve rapid emissions reductions and community benefits.

The report alleges that KKR's public claims of environmental responsibility are contradicted by its investment portfolio, which is 78% rooted in fossil fuels. It highlights at least $9B in funding for gas and LNG projects and notes KKR's 2022 environmental ranking of 'D'. The document warns that these investments create financial, reputational, and regulatory risks for institutional investors, particularly pension funds, and calls for the firm to adopt science-based targets, full disclosure, and a clear transition plan.

The document explains the distinction between weather and climate, the human-driven causes of global warming, and the resulting increase in extreme weather events. It highlights the disproportionate impact of climate change on marginalized groups and outlines necessary solutions, including transitioning to renewable energy and improving resource efficiency.

Ember critiques the TYNDP 2024 storylines for having low electrification levels and unrealistic fossil fuel price projections. The organization argues that the 'Green Ambition' (GA) and 'Distributed Energy' (DE) scenarios are not fully self-consistent and fail to align with 1.5C pathways. Ember recommends introducing a higher-ambition scenario with at least 90% emissions reduction by 2040 and urges the removal of fossil methane from heating and transport by 2050.

The report evaluates the CCIA for the Tetra4 Cluster 2 gas field expansion, which includes up to 400 test wells and 300 production wells. The author argues that the CCIA fails to meet South African legal requirements for a full life-cycle emissions assessment, specifically citing the omission of Scope 3 emissions from the final impact determination and several errors in Scope 1 calculations. Key technical failures identified include the use of outdated global warming potential (GWP) values, unrealistic flaring efficiency assumptions, and the omission of methane emissions from well drilling and operational gas production. Additionally, the report finds that the CCIA provides an unsupported claim that the project's LNG will replace more GHG-emitting fuels, while failing to account for the transport of 40% of the produced LNG.

The report details how methane accelerates global warming and degrades air quality by forming tropospheric ozone, leading to significant respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity. It identifies the agricultural (over 40%), energy (35%), and waste (20%) sectors as the primary sources of anthropogenic methane. The document argues that rapid methane reduction can provide immediate health benefits, potentially avoiding 255,000 deaths and 775,000 emergency room visits for asthma annually through available mitigation measures.